Revealing Probiotic Potential of Enterococcus Strains Isolated From Traditionally Fermented Chhurpi and Healthy Human Gut
In this study, the two lactic acid bacterial strains Enterococcus durans and Enterococcus lactis previously isolated from soft chhurpi, a traditionally fermented milk product prepared by the indigenous community of Sikkim Himalayas and healthy human gut were used. In this study, we attempted to inve...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-06-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.909987/full |
| _version_ | 1818252686661779456 |
|---|---|
| author | Kriti Ghatani Subarna Thapa Shankar Prasad Sha Sourav Sarkar Debabrata Modak Soumen Bhattacharjee |
| author_facet | Kriti Ghatani Subarna Thapa Shankar Prasad Sha Sourav Sarkar Debabrata Modak Soumen Bhattacharjee |
| author_sort | Kriti Ghatani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, the two lactic acid bacterial strains Enterococcus durans and Enterococcus lactis previously isolated from soft chhurpi, a traditionally fermented milk product prepared by the indigenous community of Sikkim Himalayas and healthy human gut were used. In this study, we attempted to investigate the probiotic attributes, safety, and health beneficial role, and hypercholesterolemia of Enterococcus durans and Enterococcus lactis. Both probiotic potential strains showed good hypocholesterolemic activity in vitro along with tolerance to acid pH (2 and 2.5), tolerance to three bile salts, oxbile, cholic acid, and taurocholic acid (0.5 and 1%), presence of BSH enzyme and its activity, and cell surface adherence. On assessing for safety, both LAB strains were sensitive to antibiotics and exhibited no hemolytic activity. The probiotic strains were tested in vivo in the Sprague–Dawley rats which were divided into five experimental groups: Normal Control (ND), probiotic strain Enterococcus durans HS03 (BSH-negative) and high-cholesterol diet (HCD1), probiotic strain Enterococcus lactis YY1 (BSH-positive) and high-cholesterol diet (HCD2), and a combination of both strains and high-cholesterol diet (HCD3) and Negative Control (HCD). The probiotic-treated groups HCD1, HCD2, and HCD3 showed a decrease in serum cholesterol levels up to 22.55, 6.67, and 31.06%; the TG and VLDL concentrations were 25.39, 26.3, and 33.21%; reduction in LDL-cholesterol was 33.66, 28.50, and 35.87%; and increase of HDL was 38.32, 47.9, and 41.92%. Similarly, the effects of total cholesterol and TG in the liver, kidney and liver histopathology, liver and body lipid index, and oxidative stress in rat liver were also studied. The fecal lactobacilli were more in the samples of the probiotic-treated groups and their fecal coliform and E. coli counts decreased relatively as compared to the control groups in 0, 7, 14, and 21 days. This is the first report on the probiotic potential of Enterococcus durans HS03 and Enterococcus lactis YY1 strains that gives a new insight into the cholesterol-lowering and probiotic product development with wide health attributes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T16:28:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-94ef6326282b46d6a669a12c6b3eeef5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T16:28:07Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-94ef6326282b46d6a669a12c6b3eeef52022-12-22T00:18:50ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2022-06-011310.3389/fmicb.2022.909987909987Revealing Probiotic Potential of Enterococcus Strains Isolated From Traditionally Fermented Chhurpi and Healthy Human GutKriti Ghatani0Subarna Thapa1Shankar Prasad Sha2Sourav Sarkar3Debabrata Modak4Soumen Bhattacharjee5Food Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Food Technology, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur, IndiaFood Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Food Technology, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur, IndiaFood Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Kurseong College, Kurseong, IndiaCell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur, IndiaCell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur, IndiaCell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur, IndiaIn this study, the two lactic acid bacterial strains Enterococcus durans and Enterococcus lactis previously isolated from soft chhurpi, a traditionally fermented milk product prepared by the indigenous community of Sikkim Himalayas and healthy human gut were used. In this study, we attempted to investigate the probiotic attributes, safety, and health beneficial role, and hypercholesterolemia of Enterococcus durans and Enterococcus lactis. Both probiotic potential strains showed good hypocholesterolemic activity in vitro along with tolerance to acid pH (2 and 2.5), tolerance to three bile salts, oxbile, cholic acid, and taurocholic acid (0.5 and 1%), presence of BSH enzyme and its activity, and cell surface adherence. On assessing for safety, both LAB strains were sensitive to antibiotics and exhibited no hemolytic activity. The probiotic strains were tested in vivo in the Sprague–Dawley rats which were divided into five experimental groups: Normal Control (ND), probiotic strain Enterococcus durans HS03 (BSH-negative) and high-cholesterol diet (HCD1), probiotic strain Enterococcus lactis YY1 (BSH-positive) and high-cholesterol diet (HCD2), and a combination of both strains and high-cholesterol diet (HCD3) and Negative Control (HCD). The probiotic-treated groups HCD1, HCD2, and HCD3 showed a decrease in serum cholesterol levels up to 22.55, 6.67, and 31.06%; the TG and VLDL concentrations were 25.39, 26.3, and 33.21%; reduction in LDL-cholesterol was 33.66, 28.50, and 35.87%; and increase of HDL was 38.32, 47.9, and 41.92%. Similarly, the effects of total cholesterol and TG in the liver, kidney and liver histopathology, liver and body lipid index, and oxidative stress in rat liver were also studied. The fecal lactobacilli were more in the samples of the probiotic-treated groups and their fecal coliform and E. coli counts decreased relatively as compared to the control groups in 0, 7, 14, and 21 days. This is the first report on the probiotic potential of Enterococcus durans HS03 and Enterococcus lactis YY1 strains that gives a new insight into the cholesterol-lowering and probiotic product development with wide health attributes.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.909987/fullchhurpihuman gutprobioticEnterococcusblood lipidshistopathology |
| spellingShingle | Kriti Ghatani Subarna Thapa Shankar Prasad Sha Sourav Sarkar Debabrata Modak Soumen Bhattacharjee Revealing Probiotic Potential of Enterococcus Strains Isolated From Traditionally Fermented Chhurpi and Healthy Human Gut Frontiers in Microbiology chhurpi human gut probiotic Enterococcus blood lipids histopathology |
| title | Revealing Probiotic Potential of Enterococcus Strains Isolated From Traditionally Fermented Chhurpi and Healthy Human Gut |
| title_full | Revealing Probiotic Potential of Enterococcus Strains Isolated From Traditionally Fermented Chhurpi and Healthy Human Gut |
| title_fullStr | Revealing Probiotic Potential of Enterococcus Strains Isolated From Traditionally Fermented Chhurpi and Healthy Human Gut |
| title_full_unstemmed | Revealing Probiotic Potential of Enterococcus Strains Isolated From Traditionally Fermented Chhurpi and Healthy Human Gut |
| title_short | Revealing Probiotic Potential of Enterococcus Strains Isolated From Traditionally Fermented Chhurpi and Healthy Human Gut |
| title_sort | revealing probiotic potential of enterococcus strains isolated from traditionally fermented chhurpi and healthy human gut |
| topic | chhurpi human gut probiotic Enterococcus blood lipids histopathology |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.909987/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kritighatani revealingprobioticpotentialofenterococcusstrainsisolatedfromtraditionallyfermentedchhurpiandhealthyhumangut AT subarnathapa revealingprobioticpotentialofenterococcusstrainsisolatedfromtraditionallyfermentedchhurpiandhealthyhumangut AT shankarprasadsha revealingprobioticpotentialofenterococcusstrainsisolatedfromtraditionallyfermentedchhurpiandhealthyhumangut AT souravsarkar revealingprobioticpotentialofenterococcusstrainsisolatedfromtraditionallyfermentedchhurpiandhealthyhumangut AT debabratamodak revealingprobioticpotentialofenterococcusstrainsisolatedfromtraditionallyfermentedchhurpiandhealthyhumangut AT soumenbhattacharjee revealingprobioticpotentialofenterococcusstrainsisolatedfromtraditionallyfermentedchhurpiandhealthyhumangut |