PHLPP Inhibitor NSC74429 Is Neuroprotective in Rodent Models of Cardiac Arrest and Traumatic Brain Injury
Pleckstrin homology domain and leucine rich repeat protein phosphatase (PHLPP) knockout mice have improved outcomes after a stroke, traumatic brain injury (TBI), and decreased maladaptive vascular remodeling following vascular injury. Thus, small-molecule PHLPP inhibitors have the potential to impro...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Biomolecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/12/10/1352 |
| _version_ | 1797474938122141696 |
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| author | Travis C. Jackson Cameron Dezfulian Vincent A. Vagni Jason Stezoski Keri Janesko-Feldman Patrick M. Kochanek |
| author_facet | Travis C. Jackson Cameron Dezfulian Vincent A. Vagni Jason Stezoski Keri Janesko-Feldman Patrick M. Kochanek |
| author_sort | Travis C. Jackson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pleckstrin homology domain and leucine rich repeat protein phosphatase (PHLPP) knockout mice have improved outcomes after a stroke, traumatic brain injury (TBI), and decreased maladaptive vascular remodeling following vascular injury. Thus, small-molecule PHLPP inhibitors have the potential to improve neurological outcomes in a variety of conditions. There is a paucity of data on the efficacy of the known experimental PHLPP inhibitors, and not all may be suited for targeting acute brain injury. Here, we assessed several PHLPP inhibitors not previously explored for neuroprotection (NSC13378, NSC25247, and NSC74429) that had favorable predicted chemistries for targeting the central nervous system (CNS). Neuronal culture studies in staurosporine (apoptosis), glutamate (excitotoxicity), and hydrogen peroxide (necrosis/oxidative stress) revealed that NSC74429 at micromolar concentrations was the most neuroprotective. Subsequent testing in a rat model of asphyxial cardiac arrest, and in a mouse model of severe TBI, showed that serial dosing of 1 mg/kg of NSC74429 over 3 days improved hippocampal survival in both models. Taken together, NSC74429 is neuroprotective across multiple insult mechanisms. Future pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) studies are warranted to optimize dosing, and mechanistic studies are needed to determine the percentage of neuroprotection mediated by PHLPP1/2 inhibition, or potentially from the modulation of PHLPP-independent targets. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:38:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-94f79b484c8b480abdbdce6149230bfd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-273X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:38:03Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomolecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-94f79b484c8b480abdbdce6149230bfd2023-11-23T23:07:17ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2022-09-011210135210.3390/biom12101352PHLPP Inhibitor NSC74429 Is Neuroprotective in Rodent Models of Cardiac Arrest and Traumatic Brain InjuryTravis C. Jackson0Cameron Dezfulian1Vincent A. Vagni2Jason Stezoski3Keri Janesko-Feldman4Patrick M. Kochanek5Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B Downs BLDV, Tampa, FL 33612, USASafar Center for Resuscitation Research, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Rangos Research Center—6th Floor, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USASafar Center for Resuscitation Research, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Rangos Research Center—6th Floor, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USASafar Center for Resuscitation Research, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Rangos Research Center—6th Floor, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USASafar Center for Resuscitation Research, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Rangos Research Center—6th Floor, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USASafar Center for Resuscitation Research, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Rangos Research Center—6th Floor, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USAPleckstrin homology domain and leucine rich repeat protein phosphatase (PHLPP) knockout mice have improved outcomes after a stroke, traumatic brain injury (TBI), and decreased maladaptive vascular remodeling following vascular injury. Thus, small-molecule PHLPP inhibitors have the potential to improve neurological outcomes in a variety of conditions. There is a paucity of data on the efficacy of the known experimental PHLPP inhibitors, and not all may be suited for targeting acute brain injury. Here, we assessed several PHLPP inhibitors not previously explored for neuroprotection (NSC13378, NSC25247, and NSC74429) that had favorable predicted chemistries for targeting the central nervous system (CNS). Neuronal culture studies in staurosporine (apoptosis), glutamate (excitotoxicity), and hydrogen peroxide (necrosis/oxidative stress) revealed that NSC74429 at micromolar concentrations was the most neuroprotective. Subsequent testing in a rat model of asphyxial cardiac arrest, and in a mouse model of severe TBI, showed that serial dosing of 1 mg/kg of NSC74429 over 3 days improved hippocampal survival in both models. Taken together, NSC74429 is neuroprotective across multiple insult mechanisms. Future pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) studies are warranted to optimize dosing, and mechanistic studies are needed to determine the percentage of neuroprotection mediated by PHLPP1/2 inhibition, or potentially from the modulation of PHLPP-independent targets.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/12/10/1352PHLPPPHLPP1PHLPP2neuroprotectionNSC74429brain |
| spellingShingle | Travis C. Jackson Cameron Dezfulian Vincent A. Vagni Jason Stezoski Keri Janesko-Feldman Patrick M. Kochanek PHLPP Inhibitor NSC74429 Is Neuroprotective in Rodent Models of Cardiac Arrest and Traumatic Brain Injury Biomolecules PHLPP PHLPP1 PHLPP2 neuroprotection NSC74429 brain |
| title | PHLPP Inhibitor NSC74429 Is Neuroprotective in Rodent Models of Cardiac Arrest and Traumatic Brain Injury |
| title_full | PHLPP Inhibitor NSC74429 Is Neuroprotective in Rodent Models of Cardiac Arrest and Traumatic Brain Injury |
| title_fullStr | PHLPP Inhibitor NSC74429 Is Neuroprotective in Rodent Models of Cardiac Arrest and Traumatic Brain Injury |
| title_full_unstemmed | PHLPP Inhibitor NSC74429 Is Neuroprotective in Rodent Models of Cardiac Arrest and Traumatic Brain Injury |
| title_short | PHLPP Inhibitor NSC74429 Is Neuroprotective in Rodent Models of Cardiac Arrest and Traumatic Brain Injury |
| title_sort | phlpp inhibitor nsc74429 is neuroprotective in rodent models of cardiac arrest and traumatic brain injury |
| topic | PHLPP PHLPP1 PHLPP2 neuroprotection NSC74429 brain |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/12/10/1352 |
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