Determination of Seed Soundness in Conifers Cryptomeria japonica and Chamaecyparis obtusa Using Narrow-Multiband Spectral Imaging in the Short-Wavelength Infrared Range.
Regeneration of planted forests of Cryptomeria japonica (sugi) and Chamaecyparis obtuse (hinoki) is the pressing importance to the forest administration in Japan. Low seed germination rate of these species, however, has hampered low-cost production of their seedlings for reforestation. The primary c...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2015-01-01
|
| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4470962?pdf=render |
| _version_ | 1818178154105143296 |
|---|---|
| author | Osamu Matsuda Masashi Hara Hiroyuki Tobita Kenichi Yazaki Toshinori Nakagawa Kuniyoshi Shimizu Akira Uemura Hajime Utsugi |
| author_facet | Osamu Matsuda Masashi Hara Hiroyuki Tobita Kenichi Yazaki Toshinori Nakagawa Kuniyoshi Shimizu Akira Uemura Hajime Utsugi |
| author_sort | Osamu Matsuda |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Regeneration of planted forests of Cryptomeria japonica (sugi) and Chamaecyparis obtuse (hinoki) is the pressing importance to the forest administration in Japan. Low seed germination rate of these species, however, has hampered low-cost production of their seedlings for reforestation. The primary cause of the low germinability has been attributed to highly frequent formation of anatomically unsound seeds, which are indistinguishable from sound germinable seeds by visible observation and other common criteria such as size and weight. To establish a method for sound seed selection in these species, hyperspectral imaging technique was used to identify a wavelength range where reflectance spectra differ clearly between sound and unsound seeds. In sound seeds of both species, reflectance in a narrow waveband centered at 1,730 nm, corresponding to a lipid absorption band in the short-wavelength infrared (SWIR) range, was greatly depressed relative to that in adjacent wavebands on either side. Such depression was absent or less prominent in unsound seeds. Based on these observations, a reflectance index SQI, abbreviated for seed quality index, was formulated using reflectance at three narrow SWIR wavebands so that it represents the extent of the depression. SQI calculated from seed area-averaged reflectance spectra and spatial distribution patterns of pixelwise SQI within each seed area were both proven as reliable criteria for sound seed selection. Enrichment of sound seeds was accompanied by an increase in germination rate of the seed lot. Thus, the methods described are readily applicable toward low-cost seedling production in combination with single seed sowing technology. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T20:43:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-94f7b88bbafc4fb782b1594aa87c1753 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T20:43:28Z |
| publishDate | 2015-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-94f7b88bbafc4fb782b1594aa87c17532022-12-22T00:51:27ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032015-01-01106e012835810.1371/journal.pone.0128358Determination of Seed Soundness in Conifers Cryptomeria japonica and Chamaecyparis obtusa Using Narrow-Multiband Spectral Imaging in the Short-Wavelength Infrared Range.Osamu MatsudaMasashi HaraHiroyuki TobitaKenichi YazakiToshinori NakagawaKuniyoshi ShimizuAkira UemuraHajime UtsugiRegeneration of planted forests of Cryptomeria japonica (sugi) and Chamaecyparis obtuse (hinoki) is the pressing importance to the forest administration in Japan. Low seed germination rate of these species, however, has hampered low-cost production of their seedlings for reforestation. The primary cause of the low germinability has been attributed to highly frequent formation of anatomically unsound seeds, which are indistinguishable from sound germinable seeds by visible observation and other common criteria such as size and weight. To establish a method for sound seed selection in these species, hyperspectral imaging technique was used to identify a wavelength range where reflectance spectra differ clearly between sound and unsound seeds. In sound seeds of both species, reflectance in a narrow waveband centered at 1,730 nm, corresponding to a lipid absorption band in the short-wavelength infrared (SWIR) range, was greatly depressed relative to that in adjacent wavebands on either side. Such depression was absent or less prominent in unsound seeds. Based on these observations, a reflectance index SQI, abbreviated for seed quality index, was formulated using reflectance at three narrow SWIR wavebands so that it represents the extent of the depression. SQI calculated from seed area-averaged reflectance spectra and spatial distribution patterns of pixelwise SQI within each seed area were both proven as reliable criteria for sound seed selection. Enrichment of sound seeds was accompanied by an increase in germination rate of the seed lot. Thus, the methods described are readily applicable toward low-cost seedling production in combination with single seed sowing technology.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4470962?pdf=render |
| spellingShingle | Osamu Matsuda Masashi Hara Hiroyuki Tobita Kenichi Yazaki Toshinori Nakagawa Kuniyoshi Shimizu Akira Uemura Hajime Utsugi Determination of Seed Soundness in Conifers Cryptomeria japonica and Chamaecyparis obtusa Using Narrow-Multiband Spectral Imaging in the Short-Wavelength Infrared Range. PLoS ONE |
| title | Determination of Seed Soundness in Conifers Cryptomeria japonica and Chamaecyparis obtusa Using Narrow-Multiband Spectral Imaging in the Short-Wavelength Infrared Range. |
| title_full | Determination of Seed Soundness in Conifers Cryptomeria japonica and Chamaecyparis obtusa Using Narrow-Multiband Spectral Imaging in the Short-Wavelength Infrared Range. |
| title_fullStr | Determination of Seed Soundness in Conifers Cryptomeria japonica and Chamaecyparis obtusa Using Narrow-Multiband Spectral Imaging in the Short-Wavelength Infrared Range. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Determination of Seed Soundness in Conifers Cryptomeria japonica and Chamaecyparis obtusa Using Narrow-Multiband Spectral Imaging in the Short-Wavelength Infrared Range. |
| title_short | Determination of Seed Soundness in Conifers Cryptomeria japonica and Chamaecyparis obtusa Using Narrow-Multiband Spectral Imaging in the Short-Wavelength Infrared Range. |
| title_sort | determination of seed soundness in conifers cryptomeria japonica and chamaecyparis obtusa using narrow multiband spectral imaging in the short wavelength infrared range |
| url | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4470962?pdf=render |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT osamumatsuda determinationofseedsoundnessinconiferscryptomeriajaponicaandchamaecyparisobtusausingnarrowmultibandspectralimagingintheshortwavelengthinfraredrange AT masashihara determinationofseedsoundnessinconiferscryptomeriajaponicaandchamaecyparisobtusausingnarrowmultibandspectralimagingintheshortwavelengthinfraredrange AT hiroyukitobita determinationofseedsoundnessinconiferscryptomeriajaponicaandchamaecyparisobtusausingnarrowmultibandspectralimagingintheshortwavelengthinfraredrange AT kenichiyazaki determinationofseedsoundnessinconiferscryptomeriajaponicaandchamaecyparisobtusausingnarrowmultibandspectralimagingintheshortwavelengthinfraredrange AT toshinorinakagawa determinationofseedsoundnessinconiferscryptomeriajaponicaandchamaecyparisobtusausingnarrowmultibandspectralimagingintheshortwavelengthinfraredrange AT kuniyoshishimizu determinationofseedsoundnessinconiferscryptomeriajaponicaandchamaecyparisobtusausingnarrowmultibandspectralimagingintheshortwavelengthinfraredrange AT akirauemura determinationofseedsoundnessinconiferscryptomeriajaponicaandchamaecyparisobtusausingnarrowmultibandspectralimagingintheshortwavelengthinfraredrange AT hajimeutsugi determinationofseedsoundnessinconiferscryptomeriajaponicaandchamaecyparisobtusausingnarrowmultibandspectralimagingintheshortwavelengthinfraredrange |