Contribution of different grass species to plant-atmosphere ammonia exchange in intensively managed grassland
Species diversity in grasslands usually declines with increasing input of nitrogen from fertilizers or atmospheric deposition. Conversely, species diversity may also impact the build-up of soil and plant nitrogen pools. One important pool is NH<sub>3</sub>/NH<sub&a...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2009-01-01
|
| Series: | Biogeosciences |
| Online Access: | http://www.biogeosciences.net/6/59/2009/bg-6-59-2009.pdf |
| _version_ | 1818050838194552832 |
|---|---|
| author | M. Mattsson B. Herrmann S. Jones A. Neftel M. A. Sutton J. K. Schjoerring |
| author_facet | M. Mattsson B. Herrmann S. Jones A. Neftel M. A. Sutton J. K. Schjoerring |
| author_sort | M. Mattsson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Species diversity in grasslands usually declines with increasing input of nitrogen from fertilizers or atmospheric deposition. Conversely, species diversity may also impact the build-up of soil and plant nitrogen pools. One important pool is NH<sub>3</sub>/NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> which also can be exchanged between plant leaves and the atmosphere. Limited information is available on how plant-atmosphere ammonia exchange is related to species diversity in grasslands. We have here investigated grass species abundance and different foliar nitrogen pools in 4-year-old intensively managed grassland. Apoplastic pH and NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> concentrations of the 8 most abundant species (<i>Lolium perenne, Phleum pratense, Festuca pratensis, Lolium multiflorum, Poa pratensis, Dactylis glomerata, Holcus lanatus, Bromus mollis</i>) were used to calculate stomatal NH<sub>3</sub> compensation points. Apoplastic NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> concentrations differed considerably among the species, ranging from 13 to 117 μM, with highest values in <i>Festuca pratensis</i>. Also apoplastic pH values varied, from pH 6.0 in <i>Phleum pratense</i> to 6.9 in <i>Dactylis glomerata</i>. The observed differences in apoplastic NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> and pH resulted in a large span of predicted values for the stomatal NH<sub>3</sub> compensation point which ranged between 0.20 and 6.57 nmol mol<sup>&minus;1</sup>. Three species (<i>Lolium perenne, Festuca pratensis</i> and <i>Dactylis glomerata</i>) had sufficiently high NH<sub>3</sub> compensation point and abundance to contribute to the bi-directional NH<sub>3</sub> fluxes recorded over the whole field. The other 5 grass species had NH<sub>3</sub> compensation points considerably below the atmospheric NH<sub>3</sub> concentration and were thus not likely to contribute to NH<sub>3</sub> emission but only to NH<sub>3</sub> uptake from the atmosphere. Evaluated across species, leaf bulk-tissue NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> concentrations correlated well (<i>r</i><sup>2</sup>=0.902) with stomatal NH<sub>3</sub> compensation points calculated on the basis of the apoplastic bioassay. This suggests that leaf tissue NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> concentrations combined with data for the frequency distribution of the corresponding species can be used for predicting the NH<sub>3</sub> exchange potential of a mixed grass sward. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T10:59:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-94f917de1e734ac3b9475d563b2c425b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1726-4170 1726-4189 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T10:59:50Z |
| publishDate | 2009-01-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biogeosciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-94f917de1e734ac3b9475d563b2c425b2022-12-22T01:51:43ZengCopernicus PublicationsBiogeosciences1726-41701726-41892009-01-01615966Contribution of different grass species to plant-atmosphere ammonia exchange in intensively managed grasslandM. MattssonB. HerrmannS. JonesA. NeftelM. A. SuttonJ. K. SchjoerringSpecies diversity in grasslands usually declines with increasing input of nitrogen from fertilizers or atmospheric deposition. Conversely, species diversity may also impact the build-up of soil and plant nitrogen pools. One important pool is NH<sub>3</sub>/NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> which also can be exchanged between plant leaves and the atmosphere. Limited information is available on how plant-atmosphere ammonia exchange is related to species diversity in grasslands. We have here investigated grass species abundance and different foliar nitrogen pools in 4-year-old intensively managed grassland. Apoplastic pH and NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> concentrations of the 8 most abundant species (<i>Lolium perenne, Phleum pratense, Festuca pratensis, Lolium multiflorum, Poa pratensis, Dactylis glomerata, Holcus lanatus, Bromus mollis</i>) were used to calculate stomatal NH<sub>3</sub> compensation points. Apoplastic NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> concentrations differed considerably among the species, ranging from 13 to 117 μM, with highest values in <i>Festuca pratensis</i>. Also apoplastic pH values varied, from pH 6.0 in <i>Phleum pratense</i> to 6.9 in <i>Dactylis glomerata</i>. The observed differences in apoplastic NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> and pH resulted in a large span of predicted values for the stomatal NH<sub>3</sub> compensation point which ranged between 0.20 and 6.57 nmol mol<sup>&minus;1</sup>. Three species (<i>Lolium perenne, Festuca pratensis</i> and <i>Dactylis glomerata</i>) had sufficiently high NH<sub>3</sub> compensation point and abundance to contribute to the bi-directional NH<sub>3</sub> fluxes recorded over the whole field. The other 5 grass species had NH<sub>3</sub> compensation points considerably below the atmospheric NH<sub>3</sub> concentration and were thus not likely to contribute to NH<sub>3</sub> emission but only to NH<sub>3</sub> uptake from the atmosphere. Evaluated across species, leaf bulk-tissue NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> concentrations correlated well (<i>r</i><sup>2</sup>=0.902) with stomatal NH<sub>3</sub> compensation points calculated on the basis of the apoplastic bioassay. This suggests that leaf tissue NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> concentrations combined with data for the frequency distribution of the corresponding species can be used for predicting the NH<sub>3</sub> exchange potential of a mixed grass sward.http://www.biogeosciences.net/6/59/2009/bg-6-59-2009.pdf |
| spellingShingle | M. Mattsson B. Herrmann S. Jones A. Neftel M. A. Sutton J. K. Schjoerring Contribution of different grass species to plant-atmosphere ammonia exchange in intensively managed grassland Biogeosciences |
| title | Contribution of different grass species to plant-atmosphere ammonia exchange in intensively managed grassland |
| title_full | Contribution of different grass species to plant-atmosphere ammonia exchange in intensively managed grassland |
| title_fullStr | Contribution of different grass species to plant-atmosphere ammonia exchange in intensively managed grassland |
| title_full_unstemmed | Contribution of different grass species to plant-atmosphere ammonia exchange in intensively managed grassland |
| title_short | Contribution of different grass species to plant-atmosphere ammonia exchange in intensively managed grassland |
| title_sort | contribution of different grass species to plant atmosphere ammonia exchange in intensively managed grassland |
| url | http://www.biogeosciences.net/6/59/2009/bg-6-59-2009.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mmattsson contributionofdifferentgrassspeciestoplantatmosphereammoniaexchangeinintensivelymanagedgrassland AT bherrmann contributionofdifferentgrassspeciestoplantatmosphereammoniaexchangeinintensivelymanagedgrassland AT sjones contributionofdifferentgrassspeciestoplantatmosphereammoniaexchangeinintensivelymanagedgrassland AT aneftel contributionofdifferentgrassspeciestoplantatmosphereammoniaexchangeinintensivelymanagedgrassland AT masutton contributionofdifferentgrassspeciestoplantatmosphereammoniaexchangeinintensivelymanagedgrassland AT jkschjoerring contributionofdifferentgrassspeciestoplantatmosphereammoniaexchangeinintensivelymanagedgrassland |