Genetic diversity and domestication of hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) in Turkey
Societal Impact Statement Hazelnut is consumed worldwide and is of critical economic importance to the rural communities of Turkey's northern coast. A new disease outbreak has drastically decreased yields across Turkey and climate change is emerging as a new threat to cultivation. Our study is...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2020-07-01
|
| Series: | Plants, People, Planet |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp3.10078 |
| _version_ | 1818152203817320448 |
|---|---|
| author | Andrew J. Helmstetter Nihal Oztolan‐Erol Stuart J. Lucas Richard J. A. Buggs |
| author_facet | Andrew J. Helmstetter Nihal Oztolan‐Erol Stuart J. Lucas Richard J. A. Buggs |
| author_sort | Andrew J. Helmstetter |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Societal Impact Statement Hazelnut is consumed worldwide and is of critical economic importance to the rural communities of Turkey's northern coast. A new disease outbreak has drastically decreased yields across Turkey and climate change is emerging as a new threat to cultivation. Our study is the first to provide a genomic perspective on diversity in this vulnerable crop, which will prove valuable for future breeding efforts. Such research into perennial crops like hazelnut can help to improve farmer livelihoods and ensure the sustainability of crop production in a changing world. Summary Assessing and describing genetic diversity in crop plants is a crucial first step toward their improvement. The European hazelnut, Corylus avellana L., is one of the most economically important tree nut crops worldwide. It is primarily produced in Turkey where rural communities depend on it for their livelihoods. Despite this, we know little about its domestication history and the genetic diversity it holds. We use double digest restriction‐site associated DNA (ddRAD) sequencing to produce a genome‐wide dataset containing wild and domesticated hazelnut. We uncover patterns of population structure and diversity, determine levels of crop‐wild gene flow, and estimate the relationships among different genetic clusters. We use a dataset of over 60k single nucleotide polymorphisms to find that genetic clusters of cultivars do not reflect their given names and that there is limited evidence for a reduction in genetic diversity in domesticated individuals. We find evidence that hazelnut may have been domesticated more than once and that admixture has likely occurred multiple times between wild and domesticated hazelnut. We provide the first genomic assessment of Turkish hazelnut diversity and suggest that there has not been an extreme bottleneck during the domestication of this crop, leading to cultivars at different stages of domestication. Our study provides a platform for further research that will protect hazelnut from the threats of climate change and an emerging fungal disease. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T13:51:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-95111ba50d794fae8f147e3e463f3172 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2572-2611 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T13:51:00Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants, People, Planet |
| spelling | doaj.art-95111ba50d794fae8f147e3e463f31722022-12-22T01:04:17ZengWileyPlants, People, Planet2572-26112020-07-012432633910.1002/ppp3.10078Genetic diversity and domestication of hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) in TurkeyAndrew J. Helmstetter0Nihal Oztolan‐Erol1Stuart J. Lucas2Richard J. A. Buggs3Jodrell Laboratory Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Richmond UKSabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM) Sabanci University Istanbul TurkeySabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM) Sabanci University Istanbul TurkeyJodrell Laboratory Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Richmond UKSocietal Impact Statement Hazelnut is consumed worldwide and is of critical economic importance to the rural communities of Turkey's northern coast. A new disease outbreak has drastically decreased yields across Turkey and climate change is emerging as a new threat to cultivation. Our study is the first to provide a genomic perspective on diversity in this vulnerable crop, which will prove valuable for future breeding efforts. Such research into perennial crops like hazelnut can help to improve farmer livelihoods and ensure the sustainability of crop production in a changing world. Summary Assessing and describing genetic diversity in crop plants is a crucial first step toward their improvement. The European hazelnut, Corylus avellana L., is one of the most economically important tree nut crops worldwide. It is primarily produced in Turkey where rural communities depend on it for their livelihoods. Despite this, we know little about its domestication history and the genetic diversity it holds. We use double digest restriction‐site associated DNA (ddRAD) sequencing to produce a genome‐wide dataset containing wild and domesticated hazelnut. We uncover patterns of population structure and diversity, determine levels of crop‐wild gene flow, and estimate the relationships among different genetic clusters. We use a dataset of over 60k single nucleotide polymorphisms to find that genetic clusters of cultivars do not reflect their given names and that there is limited evidence for a reduction in genetic diversity in domesticated individuals. We find evidence that hazelnut may have been domesticated more than once and that admixture has likely occurred multiple times between wild and domesticated hazelnut. We provide the first genomic assessment of Turkish hazelnut diversity and suggest that there has not been an extreme bottleneck during the domestication of this crop, leading to cultivars at different stages of domestication. Our study provides a platform for further research that will protect hazelnut from the threats of climate change and an emerging fungal disease.https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp3.10078Corylus avellana (European hazelnut)crop geneticsdomesticationgene flowgenetic diversityphylogenetics |
| spellingShingle | Andrew J. Helmstetter Nihal Oztolan‐Erol Stuart J. Lucas Richard J. A. Buggs Genetic diversity and domestication of hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) in Turkey Plants, People, Planet Corylus avellana (European hazelnut) crop genetics domestication gene flow genetic diversity phylogenetics |
| title | Genetic diversity and domestication of hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) in Turkey |
| title_full | Genetic diversity and domestication of hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) in Turkey |
| title_fullStr | Genetic diversity and domestication of hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) in Turkey |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genetic diversity and domestication of hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) in Turkey |
| title_short | Genetic diversity and domestication of hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) in Turkey |
| title_sort | genetic diversity and domestication of hazelnut corylus avellana l in turkey |
| topic | Corylus avellana (European hazelnut) crop genetics domestication gene flow genetic diversity phylogenetics |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp3.10078 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT andrewjhelmstetter geneticdiversityanddomesticationofhazelnutcorylusavellanalinturkey AT nihaloztolanerol geneticdiversityanddomesticationofhazelnutcorylusavellanalinturkey AT stuartjlucas geneticdiversityanddomesticationofhazelnutcorylusavellanalinturkey AT richardjabuggs geneticdiversityanddomesticationofhazelnutcorylusavellanalinturkey |