Genomic analysis of the population structure of Paenibacillus larvae in New Zealand
New Zealand is a remote country in the South Pacific Ocean. The isolation and relatively late arrival of humans into New Zealand has meant there is a recorded history of the introduction of domestic species. Honey bees (Apis mellifera) were introduced to New Zealand in 1839, and the disease American...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1161926/full |
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| author | Barbara M. Binney Hayley Pragert Jonathan Foxwell Edna Gias Meredith L. Birrell Bernard J. Phiri Oliver Quinn Michael Taylor Hye Jeong Ha Richard J. Hall |
| author_facet | Barbara M. Binney Hayley Pragert Jonathan Foxwell Edna Gias Meredith L. Birrell Bernard J. Phiri Oliver Quinn Michael Taylor Hye Jeong Ha Richard J. Hall |
| author_sort | Barbara M. Binney |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | New Zealand is a remote country in the South Pacific Ocean. The isolation and relatively late arrival of humans into New Zealand has meant there is a recorded history of the introduction of domestic species. Honey bees (Apis mellifera) were introduced to New Zealand in 1839, and the disease American foulbrood was subsequently found in the 1870s. Paenibacillus larvae, the causative agent of American foulbrood, has been genome sequenced in other countries. We sequenced the genomes of P. larvae obtained from 164 New Zealand apiaries where American foulbrood was identified in symptomatic hives during visual inspection. Multi-locus sequencing typing (MLST) revealed the dominant sequence type to be ST18, with this clonal cluster accounting for 90.2% of isolates. Only two other sequence types (with variants) were identified, ST5 and ST23. ST23 was only observed in the Otago area, whereas ST5 was limited to two geographically non-contiguous areas. The sequence types are all from the enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus I (ERIC I) genogroup. The ST18 and ST5 from New Zealand and international P. larvae all clustered by sequence type. Based on core genome MLST and SNP analysis, localized regional clusters were observed within New Zealand, but some closely related genomes were also geographically dispersed, presumably due to hive movements by beekeepers. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T17:10:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-95175453c2224d93ae38bf16db5e3ee5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T17:10:28Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-95175453c2224d93ae38bf16db5e3ee52023-04-20T06:00:45ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2023-04-011410.3389/fmicb.2023.11619261161926Genomic analysis of the population structure of Paenibacillus larvae in New ZealandBarbara M. Binney0Hayley Pragert1Jonathan Foxwell2Edna Gias3Meredith L. Birrell4Bernard J. Phiri5Oliver Quinn6Michael Taylor7Hye Jeong Ha8Richard J. Hall9Animal Health Laboratory, Biosecurity New Zealand, Ministry for Primary Industries, Upper Hutt, New ZealandBiosecurity New Zealand, Ministry for Primary Industries, Wellington, New ZealandAnimal Health Laboratory, Biosecurity New Zealand, Ministry for Primary Industries, Upper Hutt, New ZealandAnimal Health Laboratory, Biosecurity New Zealand, Ministry for Primary Industries, Upper Hutt, New ZealandAnimal Health Laboratory, Biosecurity New Zealand, Ministry for Primary Industries, Upper Hutt, New ZealandBiosecurity New Zealand, Ministry for Primary Industries, Wellington, New ZealandBiosecurity New Zealand, Ministry for Primary Industries, Wellington, New ZealandBiosecurity New Zealand, Ministry for Primary Industries, Wellington, New ZealandAnimal Health Laboratory, Biosecurity New Zealand, Ministry for Primary Industries, Upper Hutt, New ZealandAnimal Health Laboratory, Biosecurity New Zealand, Ministry for Primary Industries, Upper Hutt, New ZealandNew Zealand is a remote country in the South Pacific Ocean. The isolation and relatively late arrival of humans into New Zealand has meant there is a recorded history of the introduction of domestic species. Honey bees (Apis mellifera) were introduced to New Zealand in 1839, and the disease American foulbrood was subsequently found in the 1870s. Paenibacillus larvae, the causative agent of American foulbrood, has been genome sequenced in other countries. We sequenced the genomes of P. larvae obtained from 164 New Zealand apiaries where American foulbrood was identified in symptomatic hives during visual inspection. Multi-locus sequencing typing (MLST) revealed the dominant sequence type to be ST18, with this clonal cluster accounting for 90.2% of isolates. Only two other sequence types (with variants) were identified, ST5 and ST23. ST23 was only observed in the Otago area, whereas ST5 was limited to two geographically non-contiguous areas. The sequence types are all from the enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus I (ERIC I) genogroup. The ST18 and ST5 from New Zealand and international P. larvae all clustered by sequence type. Based on core genome MLST and SNP analysis, localized regional clusters were observed within New Zealand, but some closely related genomes were also geographically dispersed, presumably due to hive movements by beekeepers.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1161926/fullAmerican foulbrood (AFB)genomesequencingmultilocus sequence typing (MLST)honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) |
| spellingShingle | Barbara M. Binney Hayley Pragert Jonathan Foxwell Edna Gias Meredith L. Birrell Bernard J. Phiri Oliver Quinn Michael Taylor Hye Jeong Ha Richard J. Hall Genomic analysis of the population structure of Paenibacillus larvae in New Zealand Frontiers in Microbiology American foulbrood (AFB) genome sequencing multilocus sequence typing (MLST) honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) |
| title | Genomic analysis of the population structure of Paenibacillus larvae in New Zealand |
| title_full | Genomic analysis of the population structure of Paenibacillus larvae in New Zealand |
| title_fullStr | Genomic analysis of the population structure of Paenibacillus larvae in New Zealand |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genomic analysis of the population structure of Paenibacillus larvae in New Zealand |
| title_short | Genomic analysis of the population structure of Paenibacillus larvae in New Zealand |
| title_sort | genomic analysis of the population structure of paenibacillus larvae in new zealand |
| topic | American foulbrood (AFB) genome sequencing multilocus sequence typing (MLST) honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1161926/full |
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