Study of the Effect of ZnO Functionalization on the Performance of a Fully Formulated Engine Oil
The automotive sector is demanding higher specifications to achieve maximum efficiency; in this sense a new generation of lubricants with higher thermo-oxidative stability and superior tribological properties is being explored. The formulation of nanolubricants based on the nature of different nanom...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-09-01
|
| Series: | Nanomaterials |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/13/18/2540 |
| _version_ | 1797578473963782144 |
|---|---|
| author | Marta Hernaiz Iker Elexpe Estíbaliz Aranzabe Beatriz Fernández Xana Fernández Silvia Fernández Martí Cortada-García Andrés T. Aguayo |
| author_facet | Marta Hernaiz Iker Elexpe Estíbaliz Aranzabe Beatriz Fernández Xana Fernández Silvia Fernández Martí Cortada-García Andrés T. Aguayo |
| author_sort | Marta Hernaiz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The automotive sector is demanding higher specifications to achieve maximum efficiency; in this sense a new generation of lubricants with higher thermo-oxidative stability and superior tribological properties is being explored. The formulation of nanolubricants based on the nature of different nanomaterials is one of the most recent approaches, with several gaps to cover, such as dispersion stability, related to the compatibility of proposed nanomaterials with conventional additives and baseoils used in lubricant formulation. This study evaluated the effect of ZnO nanomaterial dispersed in a commercial engine oil using two different approaches; the use of surfactant and nanomaterial surface functionalization to promote higher stability and lower cluster size. Experimental evidence shows a synergetic effect between the tribological protection mechanism and the antioxidant properties in the lubricant. The effect of nanoparticle cluster size, functionalization level, and nanomaterial content are presented. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:22:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-95181cfd44e641c9b34add4edd304a81 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:22:23Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-95181cfd44e641c9b34add4edd304a812023-11-19T12:14:25ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912023-09-011318254010.3390/nano13182540Study of the Effect of ZnO Functionalization on the Performance of a Fully Formulated Engine OilMarta Hernaiz0Iker Elexpe1Estíbaliz Aranzabe2Beatriz Fernández3Xana Fernández4Silvia Fernández5Martí Cortada-García6Andrés T. Aguayo7Fundación Tekniker, Inaki Goenaga 5, 20600 Eibar, SpainFundación Tekniker, Inaki Goenaga 5, 20600 Eibar, SpainFundación Tekniker, Inaki Goenaga 5, 20600 Eibar, SpainFundación Tekniker, Inaki Goenaga 5, 20600 Eibar, SpainFundación Tekniker, Inaki Goenaga 5, 20600 Eibar, SpainRepsol Technology Lab., Agustín de Betancourt S/N., 28935 Móstoles, SpainRepsol Technology Lab., Agustín de Betancourt S/N., 28935 Móstoles, SpainDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, P.O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, SpainThe automotive sector is demanding higher specifications to achieve maximum efficiency; in this sense a new generation of lubricants with higher thermo-oxidative stability and superior tribological properties is being explored. The formulation of nanolubricants based on the nature of different nanomaterials is one of the most recent approaches, with several gaps to cover, such as dispersion stability, related to the compatibility of proposed nanomaterials with conventional additives and baseoils used in lubricant formulation. This study evaluated the effect of ZnO nanomaterial dispersed in a commercial engine oil using two different approaches; the use of surfactant and nanomaterial surface functionalization to promote higher stability and lower cluster size. Experimental evidence shows a synergetic effect between the tribological protection mechanism and the antioxidant properties in the lubricant. The effect of nanoparticle cluster size, functionalization level, and nanomaterial content are presented.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/13/18/2540fuel economyZnOoleic acidsurface functionalizationfrictionwear |
| spellingShingle | Marta Hernaiz Iker Elexpe Estíbaliz Aranzabe Beatriz Fernández Xana Fernández Silvia Fernández Martí Cortada-García Andrés T. Aguayo Study of the Effect of ZnO Functionalization on the Performance of a Fully Formulated Engine Oil Nanomaterials fuel economy ZnO oleic acid surface functionalization friction wear |
| title | Study of the Effect of ZnO Functionalization on the Performance of a Fully Formulated Engine Oil |
| title_full | Study of the Effect of ZnO Functionalization on the Performance of a Fully Formulated Engine Oil |
| title_fullStr | Study of the Effect of ZnO Functionalization on the Performance of a Fully Formulated Engine Oil |
| title_full_unstemmed | Study of the Effect of ZnO Functionalization on the Performance of a Fully Formulated Engine Oil |
| title_short | Study of the Effect of ZnO Functionalization on the Performance of a Fully Formulated Engine Oil |
| title_sort | study of the effect of zno functionalization on the performance of a fully formulated engine oil |
| topic | fuel economy ZnO oleic acid surface functionalization friction wear |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/13/18/2540 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT martahernaiz studyoftheeffectofznofunctionalizationontheperformanceofafullyformulatedengineoil AT ikerelexpe studyoftheeffectofznofunctionalizationontheperformanceofafullyformulatedengineoil AT estibalizaranzabe studyoftheeffectofznofunctionalizationontheperformanceofafullyformulatedengineoil AT beatrizfernandez studyoftheeffectofznofunctionalizationontheperformanceofafullyformulatedengineoil AT xanafernandez studyoftheeffectofznofunctionalizationontheperformanceofafullyformulatedengineoil AT silviafernandez studyoftheeffectofznofunctionalizationontheperformanceofafullyformulatedengineoil AT marticortadagarcia studyoftheeffectofznofunctionalizationontheperformanceofafullyformulatedengineoil AT andrestaguayo studyoftheeffectofznofunctionalizationontheperformanceofafullyformulatedengineoil |