Spoilt for Choice: User-Centric Choice of Battery Size and Chemistry for Battery-Electric Long-Haul Trucks
With growing demands to save greenhouse gases, the rapid market introduction of battery-electric trucks (BETs) will become increasingly important, with truck manufacturers announcing various models entering the market in the near future. Soon, truck operators will be faced with deciding which batter...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/1/158 |
| _version_ | 1797358877835001856 |
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| author | Jakob Schneider Olaf Teichert Maximilian Zähringer Korbinian Götz Markus Lienkamp |
| author_facet | Jakob Schneider Olaf Teichert Maximilian Zähringer Korbinian Götz Markus Lienkamp |
| author_sort | Jakob Schneider |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | With growing demands to save greenhouse gases, the rapid market introduction of battery-electric trucks (BETs) will become increasingly important, with truck manufacturers announcing various models entering the market in the near future. Soon, truck operators will be faced with deciding which battery capacity and cell chemistry to choose in their next purchase. In this study, we evaluate the choice of battery capacity, regarding feasibility and cost-effectiveness, for trucks using NMC and LFP cell chemistry. Our results show that higher energy density allows larger NMC batteries to be installed, resulting in the ability to transport higher payloads at low charging powers. The LFP chemistry has to rely on higher charging powers of up to 700 <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>kW</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> to transport the same payloads. When asked to choose a battery capacity for the individual use case, the smallest battery size should always be selected when only charging powers up to 300 <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>kW</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> are available. However, the reduction in publicly charged energy can lead to cost advantages of larger battery capacities at higher charging powers. When deciding between the two cell chemistries, the LFP chemistry shows advantages in most cases. Only at high payloads and low charging powers the NMC chemistry shows cost advantages. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T15:08:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9519b5fa7a5d4a1b9ff8879e511f156c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T15:08:35Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-9519b5fa7a5d4a1b9ff8879e511f156c2024-01-10T14:56:02ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732023-12-0117115810.3390/en17010158Spoilt for Choice: User-Centric Choice of Battery Size and Chemistry for Battery-Electric Long-Haul TrucksJakob Schneider0Olaf Teichert1Maximilian Zähringer2Korbinian Götz3Markus Lienkamp4Institute of Automotive Technology, Department of Mobility Systems Engineering, School of Engineering & Design, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748 Garching, GermanyInstitute of Automotive Technology, Department of Mobility Systems Engineering, School of Engineering & Design, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748 Garching, GermanyInstitute of Automotive Technology, Department of Mobility Systems Engineering, School of Engineering & Design, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748 Garching, GermanyInstitute of Automotive Technology, Department of Mobility Systems Engineering, School of Engineering & Design, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748 Garching, GermanyInstitute of Automotive Technology, Department of Mobility Systems Engineering, School of Engineering & Design, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748 Garching, GermanyWith growing demands to save greenhouse gases, the rapid market introduction of battery-electric trucks (BETs) will become increasingly important, with truck manufacturers announcing various models entering the market in the near future. Soon, truck operators will be faced with deciding which battery capacity and cell chemistry to choose in their next purchase. In this study, we evaluate the choice of battery capacity, regarding feasibility and cost-effectiveness, for trucks using NMC and LFP cell chemistry. Our results show that higher energy density allows larger NMC batteries to be installed, resulting in the ability to transport higher payloads at low charging powers. The LFP chemistry has to rely on higher charging powers of up to 700 <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>kW</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> to transport the same payloads. When asked to choose a battery capacity for the individual use case, the smallest battery size should always be selected when only charging powers up to 300 <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>kW</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> are available. However, the reduction in publicly charged energy can lead to cost advantages of larger battery capacities at higher charging powers. When deciding between the two cell chemistries, the LFP chemistry shows advantages in most cases. Only at high payloads and low charging powers the NMC chemistry shows cost advantages.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/1/158megawatt charging systembattery-electric trucksbattery sizingcell chemistry |
| spellingShingle | Jakob Schneider Olaf Teichert Maximilian Zähringer Korbinian Götz Markus Lienkamp Spoilt for Choice: User-Centric Choice of Battery Size and Chemistry for Battery-Electric Long-Haul Trucks Energies megawatt charging system battery-electric trucks battery sizing cell chemistry |
| title | Spoilt for Choice: User-Centric Choice of Battery Size and Chemistry for Battery-Electric Long-Haul Trucks |
| title_full | Spoilt for Choice: User-Centric Choice of Battery Size and Chemistry for Battery-Electric Long-Haul Trucks |
| title_fullStr | Spoilt for Choice: User-Centric Choice of Battery Size and Chemistry for Battery-Electric Long-Haul Trucks |
| title_full_unstemmed | Spoilt for Choice: User-Centric Choice of Battery Size and Chemistry for Battery-Electric Long-Haul Trucks |
| title_short | Spoilt for Choice: User-Centric Choice of Battery Size and Chemistry for Battery-Electric Long-Haul Trucks |
| title_sort | spoilt for choice user centric choice of battery size and chemistry for battery electric long haul trucks |
| topic | megawatt charging system battery-electric trucks battery sizing cell chemistry |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/1/158 |
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