Design Strategies for Forward Osmosis Membrane Substrates with Low Structural Parameters—A Review
This article reviews the many innovative strategies that have been developed to specifically design the support layers of forward osmosis (FO) membranes. Forward osmosis (FO) is one of the most viable separation technologies to treat hypersaline wastewater, but its successful deployment requires the...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Membranes |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/13/1/73 |
| _version_ | 1797438877132128256 |
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| author | KmProttoy Shariar Piash Oishi Sanyal |
| author_facet | KmProttoy Shariar Piash Oishi Sanyal |
| author_sort | KmProttoy Shariar Piash |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This article reviews the many innovative strategies that have been developed to specifically design the support layers of forward osmosis (FO) membranes. Forward osmosis (FO) is one of the most viable separation technologies to treat hypersaline wastewater, but its successful deployment requires the development of new membrane materials beyond existing desalination membranes. Specifically, designing the FO membrane support layers requires new engineering techniques to minimize the internal concentration polarization (ICP) effects encountered in cases of FO. In this paper, we have reviewed several such techniques developed by different research groups and summarized the membrane transport properties corresponding to each approach. An important transport parameter that helps to compare the various approaches is the so-called structural parameter (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>S</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>-value); a low <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>S</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>-value typically corresponds to low ICP. Strategies such as electrospinning, solvent casting, and hollow fiber spinning, have been developed by prior researchers—all of them aimed at lowering this <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>S</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>-value. We also reviewed the quantitative methods described in the literature, to evaluate the separation properties of FO membranes. Lastly, we have highlighted some key research gaps, and provided suggestions for potential strategies that researchers could adopt to enable easy comparison of FO membranes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:43:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-951da149fc014ccdbd763b062676d140 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0375 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:43:42Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Membranes |
| spelling | doaj.art-951da149fc014ccdbd763b062676d1402023-11-30T23:26:50ZengMDPI AGMembranes2077-03752023-01-011317310.3390/membranes13010073Design Strategies for Forward Osmosis Membrane Substrates with Low Structural Parameters—A ReviewKmProttoy Shariar Piash0Oishi Sanyal1Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USADepartment of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USAThis article reviews the many innovative strategies that have been developed to specifically design the support layers of forward osmosis (FO) membranes. Forward osmosis (FO) is one of the most viable separation technologies to treat hypersaline wastewater, but its successful deployment requires the development of new membrane materials beyond existing desalination membranes. Specifically, designing the FO membrane support layers requires new engineering techniques to minimize the internal concentration polarization (ICP) effects encountered in cases of FO. In this paper, we have reviewed several such techniques developed by different research groups and summarized the membrane transport properties corresponding to each approach. An important transport parameter that helps to compare the various approaches is the so-called structural parameter (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>S</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>-value); a low <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>S</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>-value typically corresponds to low ICP. Strategies such as electrospinning, solvent casting, and hollow fiber spinning, have been developed by prior researchers—all of them aimed at lowering this <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>S</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>-value. We also reviewed the quantitative methods described in the literature, to evaluate the separation properties of FO membranes. Lastly, we have highlighted some key research gaps, and provided suggestions for potential strategies that researchers could adopt to enable easy comparison of FO membranes.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/13/1/73forward osmosis membranetransport parametersstructural parametersupport layer modificationinternal concentration polarization |
| spellingShingle | KmProttoy Shariar Piash Oishi Sanyal Design Strategies for Forward Osmosis Membrane Substrates with Low Structural Parameters—A Review Membranes forward osmosis membrane transport parameters structural parameter support layer modification internal concentration polarization |
| title | Design Strategies for Forward Osmosis Membrane Substrates with Low Structural Parameters—A Review |
| title_full | Design Strategies for Forward Osmosis Membrane Substrates with Low Structural Parameters—A Review |
| title_fullStr | Design Strategies for Forward Osmosis Membrane Substrates with Low Structural Parameters—A Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Design Strategies for Forward Osmosis Membrane Substrates with Low Structural Parameters—A Review |
| title_short | Design Strategies for Forward Osmosis Membrane Substrates with Low Structural Parameters—A Review |
| title_sort | design strategies for forward osmosis membrane substrates with low structural parameters a review |
| topic | forward osmosis membrane transport parameters structural parameter support layer modification internal concentration polarization |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/13/1/73 |
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