Single-Cell Analysis of the Antimicrobial and Bactericidal Activities of the Antimicrobial Peptide Magainin 2
ABSTRACT Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) inhibit the proliferation of or kill bacterial cells. To measure these activities, several methods have been used, which provide only the average value of many cells. Here, we report the development of a method to examine the antimicrobial and bactericidal acti...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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American Society for Microbiology
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Microbiology Spectrum |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/spectrum.00114-22 |
| _version_ | 1828745955016441856 |
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| author | Farzana Hossain Md Masum Billah Masahito Yamazaki |
| author_facet | Farzana Hossain Md Masum Billah Masahito Yamazaki |
| author_sort | Farzana Hossain |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) inhibit the proliferation of or kill bacterial cells. To measure these activities, several methods have been used, which provide only the average value of many cells. Here, we report the development of a method to examine the antimicrobial and bactericidal activities of AMPs at the single-cell level (i.e., single-cell analysis) and apply this strategy to examine the interaction of an AMP, magainin 2 (Mag), with Escherichia coli cells. Using this method, we monitored the proliferation of single cells on agar in a microchamber and measured the distribution of the number of cells in each microcolony using optical microscopy. For method A, we incubated cells in the presence of various concentrations of AMPs for 3 h. The fraction of microcolonies containing only a single cell, Psingle, increased with the Mag concentration and reached 1 at a specific concentration, which corresponded to the MIC. For method B, after the interaction of a cell suspension with an AMP for a specific time, an aliquot was diluted to stop the interaction, and the proliferation of single cells then was monitored after a 3-h incubation; this method permits the definition of Psingle(t), the fraction of dead cells after the interaction. For the interaction of Mag with E. coli cells, Psingle(t) increased with the interaction time, reaching ~1 at 10 and 20 min for 25 and 13 μM Mag, respectively. Thus, these results indicate that a short interaction time between Mag and E. coli cells is sufficient to induce bacterial cell death. IMPORTANCE To elucidate the activity of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) against bacterial cells, it is important to estimate the interaction time that is sufficient to induce cell death. We have developed a method to examine the antimicrobial and bactericidal activities of AMPs at the single-cell level (i.e., single-cell analysis). Using this method, we monitored the proliferation of single cells on agar in a microchamber and measured the distribution of the number of cells in each microcolony using optical microscopy. We found that during the interaction of magainin 2 (Mag) with E. coli cells, the fraction of dead cells, Psingle(t), increased with the interaction time, rapidly reaching 1 (e.g., 10 min for 25 μM Mag). This result indicates that Mag induces cell death after a short time of interaction. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T04:13:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9552edfe95f546c78ec09d929c3f0a5a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2165-0497 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T04:13:09Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | American Society for Microbiology |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microbiology Spectrum |
| spelling | doaj.art-9552edfe95f546c78ec09d929c3f0a5a2022-12-22T02:13:00ZengAmerican Society for MicrobiologyMicrobiology Spectrum2165-04972022-08-0110410.1128/spectrum.00114-22Single-Cell Analysis of the Antimicrobial and Bactericidal Activities of the Antimicrobial Peptide Magainin 2Farzana Hossain0Md Masum Billah1Masahito Yamazaki2Nanomaterials Research Division, Research Institute of Electronics, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, JapanIntegrated Bioscience Section, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, JapanNanomaterials Research Division, Research Institute of Electronics, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, JapanABSTRACT Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) inhibit the proliferation of or kill bacterial cells. To measure these activities, several methods have been used, which provide only the average value of many cells. Here, we report the development of a method to examine the antimicrobial and bactericidal activities of AMPs at the single-cell level (i.e., single-cell analysis) and apply this strategy to examine the interaction of an AMP, magainin 2 (Mag), with Escherichia coli cells. Using this method, we monitored the proliferation of single cells on agar in a microchamber and measured the distribution of the number of cells in each microcolony using optical microscopy. For method A, we incubated cells in the presence of various concentrations of AMPs for 3 h. The fraction of microcolonies containing only a single cell, Psingle, increased with the Mag concentration and reached 1 at a specific concentration, which corresponded to the MIC. For method B, after the interaction of a cell suspension with an AMP for a specific time, an aliquot was diluted to stop the interaction, and the proliferation of single cells then was monitored after a 3-h incubation; this method permits the definition of Psingle(t), the fraction of dead cells after the interaction. For the interaction of Mag with E. coli cells, Psingle(t) increased with the interaction time, reaching ~1 at 10 and 20 min for 25 and 13 μM Mag, respectively. Thus, these results indicate that a short interaction time between Mag and E. coli cells is sufficient to induce bacterial cell death. IMPORTANCE To elucidate the activity of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) against bacterial cells, it is important to estimate the interaction time that is sufficient to induce cell death. We have developed a method to examine the antimicrobial and bactericidal activities of AMPs at the single-cell level (i.e., single-cell analysis). Using this method, we monitored the proliferation of single cells on agar in a microchamber and measured the distribution of the number of cells in each microcolony using optical microscopy. We found that during the interaction of magainin 2 (Mag) with E. coli cells, the fraction of dead cells, Psingle(t), increased with the interaction time, rapidly reaching 1 (e.g., 10 min for 25 μM Mag). This result indicates that Mag induces cell death after a short time of interaction.https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/spectrum.00114-22antimicrobial peptidesEscherichia colibactericidal activitycell deathcell permeabilizationcell proliferation |
| spellingShingle | Farzana Hossain Md Masum Billah Masahito Yamazaki Single-Cell Analysis of the Antimicrobial and Bactericidal Activities of the Antimicrobial Peptide Magainin 2 Microbiology Spectrum antimicrobial peptides Escherichia coli bactericidal activity cell death cell permeabilization cell proliferation |
| title | Single-Cell Analysis of the Antimicrobial and Bactericidal Activities of the Antimicrobial Peptide Magainin 2 |
| title_full | Single-Cell Analysis of the Antimicrobial and Bactericidal Activities of the Antimicrobial Peptide Magainin 2 |
| title_fullStr | Single-Cell Analysis of the Antimicrobial and Bactericidal Activities of the Antimicrobial Peptide Magainin 2 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Single-Cell Analysis of the Antimicrobial and Bactericidal Activities of the Antimicrobial Peptide Magainin 2 |
| title_short | Single-Cell Analysis of the Antimicrobial and Bactericidal Activities of the Antimicrobial Peptide Magainin 2 |
| title_sort | single cell analysis of the antimicrobial and bactericidal activities of the antimicrobial peptide magainin 2 |
| topic | antimicrobial peptides Escherichia coli bactericidal activity cell death cell permeabilization cell proliferation |
| url | https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/spectrum.00114-22 |
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