A lytic bacteriophage isolate reduced Clostridium perfringens induced lesions in necrotic enteritis challenged broilers
BackgroundBacteriophages are viral predators of bacteria and are common in nature. Their host-specific infections against specific bacteria make them an attractive natural agent to control bacterial pathogens. Interest in the potential of bacteriophages as antibacterial agents in the production anim...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2022.1058115/full |
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| author | Chake Keerqin Katherine McGlashan Thi Thu Hao Van Helene N. Chinivasagam Robert J. Moore Mingan Choct Shu-Biao Wu |
| author_facet | Chake Keerqin Katherine McGlashan Thi Thu Hao Van Helene N. Chinivasagam Robert J. Moore Mingan Choct Shu-Biao Wu |
| author_sort | Chake Keerqin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundBacteriophages are viral predators of bacteria and are common in nature. Their host-specific infections against specific bacteria make them an attractive natural agent to control bacterial pathogens. Interest in the potential of bacteriophages as antibacterial agents in the production animal industries has increased.MethodsA total of 18 bacteriophages were isolated from Australian commercial poultry environments, from which three highly active phages were chosen for enrichment. Sequencing libraries were prepared using a Nextera XT kit (Illumina) and sequenced on an Illumina MiSeq instrument using 2 × 300 bp paired-end chemistry. The sequence data were then assembled and aligned with a2 bacteriophage as the reference. An animal trial was performed by oral gavaging Clostridium perfringens netB containing strain EHE-NE18 to the Ross 308 broiler chickens prior inoculation with Eimeria species. The chickens were raised following the management guide for Ross 308 from d 0 to d 21 and fed with starter and grower diets met the specific breed nutrient requirements. Body weight gain and feed intake were measured on d 9 and d 21 and FCR adjusted with mortality was calculated.ResultsThe isolated bacteriophages only had only 96.7% similarity to the most closely related, previously characterized, Clostridium bacteriophage indicated that they might represent a novel strain of bacteriophage. A “cocktail” containing the three bacteriophages was capable of lysing four known disease-inducing C. perfringens strains in vitro. Oral administration of the bacteriophages cocktail to broilers challenged with necrotic enteritis markedly alleviated intestinal necrotic lesions in the duodenum and jejunum on day 16 post-hatch. The phage treatment significantly reduced the lesion scores of birds challenged with NE (P < 0.01), and the lesion scores between birds treated with the bacteriophages and the unchallenged birds were not statistically different (P > 0.05). However, no effect on the growth performance was observed during the recorded period of days 9-21.ConclusionThese findings suggest that bacteriophage treatment is a promising approach to protect intestinal health from C. perfringens induced necrotic enteritis. Further research will be required on the dosing, route of administration, and large scale validation studies to further advance this approach to pathogen control. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T05:36:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9558a7f042e04d99b3b7e347d5816bf4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2297-1769 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T05:36:02Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-9558a7f042e04d99b3b7e347d5816bf42022-12-22T13:23:58ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Veterinary Science2297-17692022-12-01910.3389/fvets.2022.10581151058115A lytic bacteriophage isolate reduced Clostridium perfringens induced lesions in necrotic enteritis challenged broilersChake Keerqin0Katherine McGlashan1Thi Thu Hao Van2Helene N. Chinivasagam3Robert J. Moore4Mingan Choct5Shu-Biao Wu6School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, AustraliaEcoSciences Precinct, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Dutton Park, QLD, AustraliaSchool of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, AustraliaEcoSciences Precinct, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Dutton Park, QLD, AustraliaSchool of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, AustraliaSchool of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, AustraliaSchool of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, AustraliaBackgroundBacteriophages are viral predators of bacteria and are common in nature. Their host-specific infections against specific bacteria make them an attractive natural agent to control bacterial pathogens. Interest in the potential of bacteriophages as antibacterial agents in the production animal industries has increased.MethodsA total of 18 bacteriophages were isolated from Australian commercial poultry environments, from which three highly active phages were chosen for enrichment. Sequencing libraries were prepared using a Nextera XT kit (Illumina) and sequenced on an Illumina MiSeq instrument using 2 × 300 bp paired-end chemistry. The sequence data were then assembled and aligned with a2 bacteriophage as the reference. An animal trial was performed by oral gavaging Clostridium perfringens netB containing strain EHE-NE18 to the Ross 308 broiler chickens prior inoculation with Eimeria species. The chickens were raised following the management guide for Ross 308 from d 0 to d 21 and fed with starter and grower diets met the specific breed nutrient requirements. Body weight gain and feed intake were measured on d 9 and d 21 and FCR adjusted with mortality was calculated.ResultsThe isolated bacteriophages only had only 96.7% similarity to the most closely related, previously characterized, Clostridium bacteriophage indicated that they might represent a novel strain of bacteriophage. A “cocktail” containing the three bacteriophages was capable of lysing four known disease-inducing C. perfringens strains in vitro. Oral administration of the bacteriophages cocktail to broilers challenged with necrotic enteritis markedly alleviated intestinal necrotic lesions in the duodenum and jejunum on day 16 post-hatch. The phage treatment significantly reduced the lesion scores of birds challenged with NE (P < 0.01), and the lesion scores between birds treated with the bacteriophages and the unchallenged birds were not statistically different (P > 0.05). However, no effect on the growth performance was observed during the recorded period of days 9-21.ConclusionThese findings suggest that bacteriophage treatment is a promising approach to protect intestinal health from C. perfringens induced necrotic enteritis. Further research will be required on the dosing, route of administration, and large scale validation studies to further advance this approach to pathogen control.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2022.1058115/fullbacteriophageClostridium perfringensnecrotic enteritislessionbroiler |
| spellingShingle | Chake Keerqin Katherine McGlashan Thi Thu Hao Van Helene N. Chinivasagam Robert J. Moore Mingan Choct Shu-Biao Wu A lytic bacteriophage isolate reduced Clostridium perfringens induced lesions in necrotic enteritis challenged broilers Frontiers in Veterinary Science bacteriophage Clostridium perfringens necrotic enteritis lession broiler |
| title | A lytic bacteriophage isolate reduced Clostridium perfringens induced lesions in necrotic enteritis challenged broilers |
| title_full | A lytic bacteriophage isolate reduced Clostridium perfringens induced lesions in necrotic enteritis challenged broilers |
| title_fullStr | A lytic bacteriophage isolate reduced Clostridium perfringens induced lesions in necrotic enteritis challenged broilers |
| title_full_unstemmed | A lytic bacteriophage isolate reduced Clostridium perfringens induced lesions in necrotic enteritis challenged broilers |
| title_short | A lytic bacteriophage isolate reduced Clostridium perfringens induced lesions in necrotic enteritis challenged broilers |
| title_sort | lytic bacteriophage isolate reduced clostridium perfringens induced lesions in necrotic enteritis challenged broilers |
| topic | bacteriophage Clostridium perfringens necrotic enteritis lession broiler |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2022.1058115/full |
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