Long-chain omega3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and cognition in older people: interaction with APOE genotype
Basic research and epidemiological studies suggest a protective effect of long-chain omega3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFA) against age-related cognitive decline. However, most randomized controlled trials with LC n-3 PUFA supplements have yielded disappointin...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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EDP Sciences
2016-01-01
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| Series: | Oilseeds and fats, crops and lipids |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2015022 |
| _version_ | 1818912328418066432 |
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| author | Barberger-Gateau Pascale Samieri Cécilia Cunnane Stephen C. |
| author_facet | Barberger-Gateau Pascale Samieri Cécilia Cunnane Stephen C. |
| author_sort | Barberger-Gateau Pascale |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Basic research and epidemiological studies suggest a protective effect of long-chain
omega3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFA) against age-related cognitive decline.
However, most randomized controlled trials with LC n-3 PUFA supplements have yielded
disappointing results on cognitive outcomes in older persons. One explanation for this
discrepancy may be an inadequate targeting of potential beneficiaries of LC n-3 PUFA
according to their Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype. The aim of this
paper was to examine the potential modifying effect of APOE genotype on
LC n-3 PUFA metabolism and its relation to cognitive decline in older persons. At least
five epidemiological studies and three intervention studies with LC n-3 PUFA supplements
have found an interaction between LC n-3 PUFA and APOE genotype on
cognition. However, the direction of the effect is inconsistent across studies: the impact
of LC n-3 PUFA on cognition is stronger in APOE4 carriers (the main
genetic risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease) in some studies, but conversely stronger in
APOE4 non-carriers in other studies. These discordant results may be
explained by different age groups, cognitive status, measures of cognition, or amounts of
DHA intake across studies. Experimental studies suggest that the APOE4
genotype modifies the metabolism of DHA. The APOE genotype
should be systematically taken into account and interactions tested in epidemiological and
intervention studies with LC n-3 PUFA. Further research is needed to better understand the
underlying mechanisms of this gene X diet interaction. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T23:12:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-955e3b4debba45b994817a53b10e1b26 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2272-6977 2257-6614 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T23:12:51Z |
| publishDate | 2016-01-01 |
| publisher | EDP Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Oilseeds and fats, crops and lipids |
| spelling | doaj.art-955e3b4debba45b994817a53b10e1b262022-12-21T20:02:10ZengEDP SciencesOilseeds and fats, crops and lipids2272-69772257-66142016-01-01231D11110.1051/ocl/2015022ocl150022-sLong-chain omega3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and cognition in older people: interaction with APOE genotypeBarberger-Gateau PascaleSamieri CéciliaCunnane Stephen C.0Centre de recherche sur le vieillissement du département de médecine, Université de SherbrookeBasic research and epidemiological studies suggest a protective effect of long-chain omega3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFA) against age-related cognitive decline. However, most randomized controlled trials with LC n-3 PUFA supplements have yielded disappointing results on cognitive outcomes in older persons. One explanation for this discrepancy may be an inadequate targeting of potential beneficiaries of LC n-3 PUFA according to their Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype. The aim of this paper was to examine the potential modifying effect of APOE genotype on LC n-3 PUFA metabolism and its relation to cognitive decline in older persons. At least five epidemiological studies and three intervention studies with LC n-3 PUFA supplements have found an interaction between LC n-3 PUFA and APOE genotype on cognition. However, the direction of the effect is inconsistent across studies: the impact of LC n-3 PUFA on cognition is stronger in APOE4 carriers (the main genetic risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease) in some studies, but conversely stronger in APOE4 non-carriers in other studies. These discordant results may be explained by different age groups, cognitive status, measures of cognition, or amounts of DHA intake across studies. Experimental studies suggest that the APOE4 genotype modifies the metabolism of DHA. The APOE genotype should be systematically taken into account and interactions tested in epidemiological and intervention studies with LC n-3 PUFA. Further research is needed to better understand the underlying mechanisms of this gene X diet interaction.http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2015022Cognitionagingomega3 fatty acidsApolipoprotein E geneDHA |
| spellingShingle | Barberger-Gateau Pascale Samieri Cécilia Cunnane Stephen C. Long-chain omega3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and cognition in older people: interaction with APOE genotype Oilseeds and fats, crops and lipids Cognition aging omega3 fatty acids Apolipoprotein E gene DHA |
| title | Long-chain omega3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and cognition in
older people: interaction with APOE genotype |
| title_full | Long-chain omega3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and cognition in
older people: interaction with APOE genotype |
| title_fullStr | Long-chain omega3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and cognition in
older people: interaction with APOE genotype |
| title_full_unstemmed | Long-chain omega3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and cognition in
older people: interaction with APOE genotype |
| title_short | Long-chain omega3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and cognition in
older people: interaction with APOE genotype |
| title_sort | long chain omega3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and cognition in older people interaction with apoe genotype |
| topic | Cognition aging omega3 fatty acids Apolipoprotein E gene DHA |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2015022 |
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