Free-Living Energy Balance Behaviors Are Associated With Greater Weight Loss During a Weight Loss Program
Introduction: Free-living movement (physical activity [PA] and sedentary behavior [SB]) and eating behaviors (energy intake [EI] and food choice) affect energy balance and therefore have the potential to influence weight loss (WL). This study explored whether free-living movement and/or eating behav...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2021.688295/full |
| _version_ | 1819112741945737216 |
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| author | Anna Myers Diana Camidge Fiona Croden Catherine Gibbons R. James Stubbs John Blundell Graham Finlayson Nicola Buckland |
| author_facet | Anna Myers Diana Camidge Fiona Croden Catherine Gibbons R. James Stubbs John Blundell Graham Finlayson Nicola Buckland |
| author_sort | Anna Myers |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Free-living movement (physical activity [PA] and sedentary behavior [SB]) and eating behaviors (energy intake [EI] and food choice) affect energy balance and therefore have the potential to influence weight loss (WL). This study explored whether free-living movement and/or eating behaviors measured early (week 3) in a 14-week WL programme or their change during the intervention are associated with WL in women.Methods: In the study, 80 women (M ± SD age: 42.0 ± 12.4 years) with overweight or obesity [body mass index (BMI): 34.08 ± 3.62 kg/m2] completed a 14 week WL program focused primarily on diet (commercial or self-led). Body mass (BM) was measured at baseline, and again during week 2 and 14 along with body composition. Free-living movement (SenseWear Armband) and eating behavior (weighed food diaries) were measured for 1 week during week 3 and 12. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses examined whether early and early-late change in free-living movement and eating behavior were associated with WL. The differences in behavior between clinically significant weight losers (CWL; ≥5% WL) and non-clinically significant weight losers (NWL; ≤ 3% WL) were compared.Results: The energy density of food consumed [β = 0.45, p < 0.001] and vigorous PA [β = −0.30, p < 0.001] early in the intervention (regression model 1) and early-late change in light PA [β = −0.81 p < 0.001], moderate PA [β = −1.17 p < 0.001], vigorous PA [β = −0.49, p < 0.001], total energy expenditure (EE) [β = 1.84, p < 0.001], and energy density of food consumed [β = 0.27, p = 0.01] (regression model 2) significantly predicted percentage change in BM. Early in the intervention, CWL consumed less energy dense foods than NWL [p = 0.03]. CWL showed a small but significant increase in vigorous PA, whereas NWL showed a slight decrease in PA [p = 0.04].Conclusion: Both early and early-late change in free-living movement and eating behaviors during a 14 week WL program are predictors of WL. These findings demonstrate that specific behaviors that contribute to greater EE (e.g., vigorous PA) and lower EI (e.g., less energy-dense foods) are related to greater WL outcomes. Interventions targeting these behaviors can be expected to increase the effectiveness of WL programs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T04:18:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9575b3f3ed104308a93b3229028f3cc2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-861X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T04:18:20Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
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| series | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj.art-9575b3f3ed104308a93b3229028f3cc22022-12-21T18:39:21ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2021-09-01810.3389/fnut.2021.688295688295Free-Living Energy Balance Behaviors Are Associated With Greater Weight Loss During a Weight Loss ProgramAnna Myers0Diana Camidge1Fiona Croden2Catherine Gibbons3R. James Stubbs4John Blundell5Graham Finlayson6Nicola Buckland7Sport and Physical Activity Research Center, College of Health, Wellbeing, and Life Sciences, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, United KingdomFaculty of Medicine and Health, Appetite Control and Energy Balance Research, School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United KingdomFaculty of Medicine and Health, Appetite Control and Energy Balance Research, School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United KingdomFaculty of Medicine and Health, Appetite Control and Energy Balance Research, School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United KingdomFaculty of Medicine and Health, Appetite Control and Energy Balance Research, School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United KingdomFaculty of Medicine and Health, Appetite Control and Energy Balance Research, School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United KingdomFaculty of Medicine and Health, Appetite Control and Energy Balance Research, School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United KingdomDepartment of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United KingdomIntroduction: Free-living movement (physical activity [PA] and sedentary behavior [SB]) and eating behaviors (energy intake [EI] and food choice) affect energy balance and therefore have the potential to influence weight loss (WL). This study explored whether free-living movement and/or eating behaviors measured early (week 3) in a 14-week WL programme or their change during the intervention are associated with WL in women.Methods: In the study, 80 women (M ± SD age: 42.0 ± 12.4 years) with overweight or obesity [body mass index (BMI): 34.08 ± 3.62 kg/m2] completed a 14 week WL program focused primarily on diet (commercial or self-led). Body mass (BM) was measured at baseline, and again during week 2 and 14 along with body composition. Free-living movement (SenseWear Armband) and eating behavior (weighed food diaries) were measured for 1 week during week 3 and 12. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses examined whether early and early-late change in free-living movement and eating behavior were associated with WL. The differences in behavior between clinically significant weight losers (CWL; ≥5% WL) and non-clinically significant weight losers (NWL; ≤ 3% WL) were compared.Results: The energy density of food consumed [β = 0.45, p < 0.001] and vigorous PA [β = −0.30, p < 0.001] early in the intervention (regression model 1) and early-late change in light PA [β = −0.81 p < 0.001], moderate PA [β = −1.17 p < 0.001], vigorous PA [β = −0.49, p < 0.001], total energy expenditure (EE) [β = 1.84, p < 0.001], and energy density of food consumed [β = 0.27, p = 0.01] (regression model 2) significantly predicted percentage change in BM. Early in the intervention, CWL consumed less energy dense foods than NWL [p = 0.03]. CWL showed a small but significant increase in vigorous PA, whereas NWL showed a slight decrease in PA [p = 0.04].Conclusion: Both early and early-late change in free-living movement and eating behaviors during a 14 week WL program are predictors of WL. These findings demonstrate that specific behaviors that contribute to greater EE (e.g., vigorous PA) and lower EI (e.g., less energy-dense foods) are related to greater WL outcomes. Interventions targeting these behaviors can be expected to increase the effectiveness of WL programs.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2021.688295/fullweight lossenergy balanceappetiteenergy intakefree-living physical activity |
| spellingShingle | Anna Myers Diana Camidge Fiona Croden Catherine Gibbons R. James Stubbs John Blundell Graham Finlayson Nicola Buckland Free-Living Energy Balance Behaviors Are Associated With Greater Weight Loss During a Weight Loss Program Frontiers in Nutrition weight loss energy balance appetite energy intake free-living physical activity |
| title | Free-Living Energy Balance Behaviors Are Associated With Greater Weight Loss During a Weight Loss Program |
| title_full | Free-Living Energy Balance Behaviors Are Associated With Greater Weight Loss During a Weight Loss Program |
| title_fullStr | Free-Living Energy Balance Behaviors Are Associated With Greater Weight Loss During a Weight Loss Program |
| title_full_unstemmed | Free-Living Energy Balance Behaviors Are Associated With Greater Weight Loss During a Weight Loss Program |
| title_short | Free-Living Energy Balance Behaviors Are Associated With Greater Weight Loss During a Weight Loss Program |
| title_sort | free living energy balance behaviors are associated with greater weight loss during a weight loss program |
| topic | weight loss energy balance appetite energy intake free-living physical activity |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2021.688295/full |
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