Cutaneous leishmaniasis and co-morbid major depressive disorder: A systematic review with burden estimates.
BACKGROUND:Major depressive disorder (MDD) associated with chronic neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) has been identified as a significant and overlooked contributor to overall disease burden. Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is one of the most prevalent and stigmatising NTDs, with an incidence of aroun...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2019-02-01
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| Series: | PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
| Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6405174?pdf=render |
| _version_ | 1818337521522704384 |
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| author | Freddie Bailey Karina Mondragon-Shem Lee Rafuse Haines Amina Olabi Ahmed Alorfi José Antonio Ruiz-Postigo Jorge Alvar Peter Hotez Emily R Adams Iván D Vélez Waleed Al-Salem Julian Eaton Álvaro Acosta-Serrano David H Molyneux |
| author_facet | Freddie Bailey Karina Mondragon-Shem Lee Rafuse Haines Amina Olabi Ahmed Alorfi José Antonio Ruiz-Postigo Jorge Alvar Peter Hotez Emily R Adams Iván D Vélez Waleed Al-Salem Julian Eaton Álvaro Acosta-Serrano David H Molyneux |
| author_sort | Freddie Bailey |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BACKGROUND:Major depressive disorder (MDD) associated with chronic neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) has been identified as a significant and overlooked contributor to overall disease burden. Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is one of the most prevalent and stigmatising NTDs, with an incidence of around 1 million new cases of active CL infection annually. However, the characteristic residual scarring (inactive CL) following almost all cases of active CL has only recently been recognised as part of the CL disease spectrum due to its lasting psychosocial impact. METHODS AND FINDINGS:We performed a multi-language systematic review of the psychosocial impact of active and inactive CL. We estimated inactive CL (iCL) prevalence for the first time using reported WHO active CL (aCL) incidence data that were adjusted for life expectancy and underreporting. We then quantified the disability (YLD) burden of co-morbid MDD in CL using MDD disability weights at three severity levels. Overall, we identified 29 studies of CL psychological impact from 5 WHO regions, representing 11 of the 50 highest burden countries for CL. We conservatively calculated the disability burden of co-morbid MDD in CL to be 1.9 million YLDs, which equalled the overall (DALY) disease burden (assuming no excess mortality in depressed CL patients). Thus, upon inclusion of co-morbid MDD alone in both active and inactive CL, the DALY burden was seven times higher than the latest 2016 Global Burden of Disease study estimates, which notably omitted both psychological impact and inactive CL. CONCLUSIONS:Failure to include co-morbid MDD and the lasting sequelae of chronic NTDs, as exemplified by CL, leads to large underestimates of overall disease burden. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T14:56:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-95774b70efc34d4f82e231f59ba19356 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1935-2727 1935-2735 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T14:56:32Z |
| publishDate | 2019-02-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-95774b70efc34d4f82e231f59ba193562022-12-21T23:41:14ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases1935-27271935-27352019-02-01132e000709210.1371/journal.pntd.0007092Cutaneous leishmaniasis and co-morbid major depressive disorder: A systematic review with burden estimates.Freddie BaileyKarina Mondragon-ShemLee Rafuse HainesAmina OlabiAhmed AlorfiJosé Antonio Ruiz-PostigoJorge AlvarPeter HotezEmily R AdamsIván D VélezWaleed Al-SalemJulian EatonÁlvaro Acosta-SerranoDavid H MolyneuxBACKGROUND:Major depressive disorder (MDD) associated with chronic neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) has been identified as a significant and overlooked contributor to overall disease burden. Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is one of the most prevalent and stigmatising NTDs, with an incidence of around 1 million new cases of active CL infection annually. However, the characteristic residual scarring (inactive CL) following almost all cases of active CL has only recently been recognised as part of the CL disease spectrum due to its lasting psychosocial impact. METHODS AND FINDINGS:We performed a multi-language systematic review of the psychosocial impact of active and inactive CL. We estimated inactive CL (iCL) prevalence for the first time using reported WHO active CL (aCL) incidence data that were adjusted for life expectancy and underreporting. We then quantified the disability (YLD) burden of co-morbid MDD in CL using MDD disability weights at three severity levels. Overall, we identified 29 studies of CL psychological impact from 5 WHO regions, representing 11 of the 50 highest burden countries for CL. We conservatively calculated the disability burden of co-morbid MDD in CL to be 1.9 million YLDs, which equalled the overall (DALY) disease burden (assuming no excess mortality in depressed CL patients). Thus, upon inclusion of co-morbid MDD alone in both active and inactive CL, the DALY burden was seven times higher than the latest 2016 Global Burden of Disease study estimates, which notably omitted both psychological impact and inactive CL. CONCLUSIONS:Failure to include co-morbid MDD and the lasting sequelae of chronic NTDs, as exemplified by CL, leads to large underestimates of overall disease burden.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6405174?pdf=render |
| spellingShingle | Freddie Bailey Karina Mondragon-Shem Lee Rafuse Haines Amina Olabi Ahmed Alorfi José Antonio Ruiz-Postigo Jorge Alvar Peter Hotez Emily R Adams Iván D Vélez Waleed Al-Salem Julian Eaton Álvaro Acosta-Serrano David H Molyneux Cutaneous leishmaniasis and co-morbid major depressive disorder: A systematic review with burden estimates. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
| title | Cutaneous leishmaniasis and co-morbid major depressive disorder: A systematic review with burden estimates. |
| title_full | Cutaneous leishmaniasis and co-morbid major depressive disorder: A systematic review with burden estimates. |
| title_fullStr | Cutaneous leishmaniasis and co-morbid major depressive disorder: A systematic review with burden estimates. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cutaneous leishmaniasis and co-morbid major depressive disorder: A systematic review with burden estimates. |
| title_short | Cutaneous leishmaniasis and co-morbid major depressive disorder: A systematic review with burden estimates. |
| title_sort | cutaneous leishmaniasis and co morbid major depressive disorder a systematic review with burden estimates |
| url | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6405174?pdf=render |
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