Clinical Implication of Patchy Pattern Corneal Staining in Dry Eye Disease
Corneal fluorescein staining in a form that is commonly called a “patchy pattern (PP)” is sometimes seen with or without superficial punctate keratopathy (SPK) in dry-eye diseases (DEDs). Here, we investigated the differences in the clinical features of DED patients with and without PP corneal stain...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Diagnostics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/11/2/232 |
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| author | Seitaro Komai Norihiko Yokoi Hiroaki Kato Aoi Komuro Yukiko Sonomura Shigeru Kinoshita Chie Sotozono |
| author_facet | Seitaro Komai Norihiko Yokoi Hiroaki Kato Aoi Komuro Yukiko Sonomura Shigeru Kinoshita Chie Sotozono |
| author_sort | Seitaro Komai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Corneal fluorescein staining in a form that is commonly called a “patchy pattern (PP)” is sometimes seen with or without superficial punctate keratopathy (SPK) in dry-eye diseases (DEDs). Here, we investigated the differences in the clinical features of DED patients with and without PP corneal staining (PPCS). This study involved 35 DEDs with PPCS (PPCS group) and 30 DEDs with SPK and without PPCS (non-PPCS group). The tear meniscus radius (TMR, mm), spread grade (SG) of the tear-film lipid layer (i.e., SG 1–5, 1 being best), noninvasive breakup time (NIBUT, seconds), fluorescein breakup time (FBUT, seconds), corneal epithelial damage (CED, 15 points maximum), conjunctival epithelial damage (CjED, six points maximum), the Schirmer’s 1 test (ST1, mm), and the prevalence of Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) were examined, and then compared between the two groups. Our findings revealed that between the groups (PPCS vs. non-PPCS), there was a statistically significant difference (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in CjED (3.1 ± 1.9 vs. 1.3 ± 1.6), ST1 (5.6 ± 7.4 vs. 14.8 ± 11.4), and the prevalence of SS (60.0% vs. 16.7%). Our findings suggest that DEDs and dry-eye patients with PPCS may indicate not only SS itself, but also the ophthalmological characteristics compatible with SS. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:53:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9578a60e0f9b40e7973f7e3d984f7f89 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4418 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:53:22Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diagnostics |
| spelling | doaj.art-9578a60e0f9b40e7973f7e3d984f7f892023-12-03T12:15:53ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182021-02-0111223210.3390/diagnostics11020232Clinical Implication of Patchy Pattern Corneal Staining in Dry Eye DiseaseSeitaro Komai0Norihiko Yokoi1Hiroaki Kato2Aoi Komuro3Yukiko Sonomura4Shigeru Kinoshita5Chie Sotozono6Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, JapanDepartment of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, JapanDepartment of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, JapanDepartment of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, JapanDepartment of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, JapanDepartment of Frontier Medical Science and Technology for Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, JapanDepartment of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, JapanCorneal fluorescein staining in a form that is commonly called a “patchy pattern (PP)” is sometimes seen with or without superficial punctate keratopathy (SPK) in dry-eye diseases (DEDs). Here, we investigated the differences in the clinical features of DED patients with and without PP corneal staining (PPCS). This study involved 35 DEDs with PPCS (PPCS group) and 30 DEDs with SPK and without PPCS (non-PPCS group). The tear meniscus radius (TMR, mm), spread grade (SG) of the tear-film lipid layer (i.e., SG 1–5, 1 being best), noninvasive breakup time (NIBUT, seconds), fluorescein breakup time (FBUT, seconds), corneal epithelial damage (CED, 15 points maximum), conjunctival epithelial damage (CjED, six points maximum), the Schirmer’s 1 test (ST1, mm), and the prevalence of Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) were examined, and then compared between the two groups. Our findings revealed that between the groups (PPCS vs. non-PPCS), there was a statistically significant difference (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in CjED (3.1 ± 1.9 vs. 1.3 ± 1.6), ST1 (5.6 ± 7.4 vs. 14.8 ± 11.4), and the prevalence of SS (60.0% vs. 16.7%). Our findings suggest that DEDs and dry-eye patients with PPCS may indicate not only SS itself, but also the ophthalmological characteristics compatible with SS.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/11/2/232dry eyefluorescein corneal stainingsuperficial punctate keratopathySjögren’s syndrome |
| spellingShingle | Seitaro Komai Norihiko Yokoi Hiroaki Kato Aoi Komuro Yukiko Sonomura Shigeru Kinoshita Chie Sotozono Clinical Implication of Patchy Pattern Corneal Staining in Dry Eye Disease Diagnostics dry eye fluorescein corneal staining superficial punctate keratopathy Sjögren’s syndrome |
| title | Clinical Implication of Patchy Pattern Corneal Staining in Dry Eye Disease |
| title_full | Clinical Implication of Patchy Pattern Corneal Staining in Dry Eye Disease |
| title_fullStr | Clinical Implication of Patchy Pattern Corneal Staining in Dry Eye Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Clinical Implication of Patchy Pattern Corneal Staining in Dry Eye Disease |
| title_short | Clinical Implication of Patchy Pattern Corneal Staining in Dry Eye Disease |
| title_sort | clinical implication of patchy pattern corneal staining in dry eye disease |
| topic | dry eye fluorescein corneal staining superficial punctate keratopathy Sjögren’s syndrome |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/11/2/232 |
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