Review of Valuation of Forest Ecosystem Services and Realization Approaches in China
Forests are essential for the provision of water, financial resources, food, and carbon, and offer immense ecosystem service values. The accurate, quantitative, and objective evaluation of forest ecosystem service (FES) values can help uncover methods for realizing ecological product value, which in...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Land |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/12/5/1102 |
| _version_ | 1797599452891971584 |
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| author | Shiliang Liu Yuhong Dong Hua Liu Fangfang Wang Lu Yu |
| author_facet | Shiliang Liu Yuhong Dong Hua Liu Fangfang Wang Lu Yu |
| author_sort | Shiliang Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Forests are essential for the provision of water, financial resources, food, and carbon, and offer immense ecosystem service values. The accurate, quantitative, and objective evaluation of forest ecosystem service (FES) values can help uncover methods for realizing ecological product value, which in turn supports forest conservation and ecological benefit enhancement. In China, FES valuation methods are diverse and tailored to specific objectives, encompassing matter quantity assessment, value quantity assessment, energy value analysis, and landscape ecological modeling methods. The “Forest Ecosystem Service Function Assessment Specification” guideline plays a crucial role in fostering standardized valuation. Carbon-related ecosystem services have been increasingly studied in China; however, valuation challenges remain, including data accuracy, the double counting of ecosystem services, methodological limitations, and the incomplete assessment of non-use values. Regarding value realization, the development of payment for ecosystem services (PES), ecological product benefit trading (EPBT), ecological premiums, and ecological industries has seen gradual progresses in recent years. However, realization approaches still depend on government support, and the establishment of market-oriented strategies requires further reinforcement. Enhancing FES valuation necessitates the integration of interdisciplinary and multi-method approaches, as well as the creation of an accounting and assessment mechanism. Realization approaches must not only be continuously expanded but also consistently innovated over time. It is essential to consider the impact of market development on FES valuation; establish robust realization approaches; reinforce promotional and guarantee mechanisms; and increase the efficacy of policy management. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:34:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-957a3c50e9f34fc1bca0c4a9f3c9ca9b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-445X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:34:36Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Land |
| spelling | doaj.art-957a3c50e9f34fc1bca0c4a9f3c9ca9b2023-11-18T02:08:03ZengMDPI AGLand2073-445X2023-05-01125110210.3390/land12051102Review of Valuation of Forest Ecosystem Services and Realization Approaches in ChinaShiliang Liu0Yuhong Dong1Hua Liu2Fangfang Wang3Lu Yu4State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, ChinaResearch Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, ChinaForests are essential for the provision of water, financial resources, food, and carbon, and offer immense ecosystem service values. The accurate, quantitative, and objective evaluation of forest ecosystem service (FES) values can help uncover methods for realizing ecological product value, which in turn supports forest conservation and ecological benefit enhancement. In China, FES valuation methods are diverse and tailored to specific objectives, encompassing matter quantity assessment, value quantity assessment, energy value analysis, and landscape ecological modeling methods. The “Forest Ecosystem Service Function Assessment Specification” guideline plays a crucial role in fostering standardized valuation. Carbon-related ecosystem services have been increasingly studied in China; however, valuation challenges remain, including data accuracy, the double counting of ecosystem services, methodological limitations, and the incomplete assessment of non-use values. Regarding value realization, the development of payment for ecosystem services (PES), ecological product benefit trading (EPBT), ecological premiums, and ecological industries has seen gradual progresses in recent years. However, realization approaches still depend on government support, and the establishment of market-oriented strategies requires further reinforcement. Enhancing FES valuation necessitates the integration of interdisciplinary and multi-method approaches, as well as the creation of an accounting and assessment mechanism. Realization approaches must not only be continuously expanded but also consistently innovated over time. It is essential to consider the impact of market development on FES valuation; establish robust realization approaches; reinforce promotional and guarantee mechanisms; and increase the efficacy of policy management.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/12/5/1102forest ecological productvalue realization of ecosystem serviceecological premiumecosystem serviceChina |
| spellingShingle | Shiliang Liu Yuhong Dong Hua Liu Fangfang Wang Lu Yu Review of Valuation of Forest Ecosystem Services and Realization Approaches in China Land forest ecological product value realization of ecosystem service ecological premium ecosystem service China |
| title | Review of Valuation of Forest Ecosystem Services and Realization Approaches in China |
| title_full | Review of Valuation of Forest Ecosystem Services and Realization Approaches in China |
| title_fullStr | Review of Valuation of Forest Ecosystem Services and Realization Approaches in China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Review of Valuation of Forest Ecosystem Services and Realization Approaches in China |
| title_short | Review of Valuation of Forest Ecosystem Services and Realization Approaches in China |
| title_sort | review of valuation of forest ecosystem services and realization approaches in china |
| topic | forest ecological product value realization of ecosystem service ecological premium ecosystem service China |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/12/5/1102 |
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