Hybrid Direction of Arrival Precoding for Multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Aided Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access in 6G Networks

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) have attracted increasing attention in acting as a relay for effectively improving the coverage and data rate of wireless systems, and according to this vision, they will be integrated in the future sixth generation (6G) cellular network. Non-orthogonal multiple access...

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Main Author: Laura Pierucci
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2022-01-01
Series:Applied Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/2/895
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author Laura Pierucci
author_facet Laura Pierucci
author_sort Laura Pierucci
collection DOAJ
description Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) have attracted increasing attention in acting as a relay for effectively improving the coverage and data rate of wireless systems, and according to this vision, they will be integrated in the future sixth generation (6G) cellular network. Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) and mmWave band are planned to support ubiquitous connectivity towards a massive number of users in the 6G and Internet of Things (IOT) contexts. Unfortunately, the wireless terrestrial link between the end-users and the base station (BS) can suffer severe blockage conditions. Instead, UAV relaying can establish a line-of-sight (LoS) connection with high probability due to its flying height. The present paper focuses on a multi-UAV network which supports an uplink (UL) NOMA cellular system. In particular, by operating in the mmWave band, hybrid beamforming architecture is adopted. The MUltiple SIgnal Classification (MUSIC) spectral estimation method is considered at the hybrid beamforming to detect the different direction of arrival (DoA) of each UAV. We newly design the sum-rate maximization problem of the UAV-aided NOMA 6G network specifically for the uplink mmWave transmission. Numerical results point out the better behavior obtained by the use of UAV relays and the MUSIC DoA estimation in the Hybrid mmWave beamforming in terms of achievable sum-rate in comparison to UL NOMA connections without the help of a UAV network.
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spelling doaj.art-957da0e389a54322a785a5db79e12f7e2023-11-23T12:54:46ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172022-01-0112289510.3390/app12020895Hybrid Direction of Arrival Precoding for Multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Aided Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access in 6G NetworksLaura Pierucci0Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, 50139 Firenze, ItalyUnmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) have attracted increasing attention in acting as a relay for effectively improving the coverage and data rate of wireless systems, and according to this vision, they will be integrated in the future sixth generation (6G) cellular network. Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) and mmWave band are planned to support ubiquitous connectivity towards a massive number of users in the 6G and Internet of Things (IOT) contexts. Unfortunately, the wireless terrestrial link between the end-users and the base station (BS) can suffer severe blockage conditions. Instead, UAV relaying can establish a line-of-sight (LoS) connection with high probability due to its flying height. The present paper focuses on a multi-UAV network which supports an uplink (UL) NOMA cellular system. In particular, by operating in the mmWave band, hybrid beamforming architecture is adopted. The MUltiple SIgnal Classification (MUSIC) spectral estimation method is considered at the hybrid beamforming to detect the different direction of arrival (DoA) of each UAV. We newly design the sum-rate maximization problem of the UAV-aided NOMA 6G network specifically for the uplink mmWave transmission. Numerical results point out the better behavior obtained by the use of UAV relays and the MUSIC DoA estimation in the Hybrid mmWave beamforming in terms of achievable sum-rate in comparison to UL NOMA connections without the help of a UAV network.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/2/895hybrid precodingmillimeter wavenon-orthogonal multiple access schememassive MIMOunmanned aerial vehiclesdirection of arrivals (DoA)
spellingShingle Laura Pierucci
Hybrid Direction of Arrival Precoding for Multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Aided Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access in 6G Networks
Applied Sciences
hybrid precoding
millimeter wave
non-orthogonal multiple access scheme
massive MIMO
unmanned aerial vehicles
direction of arrivals (DoA)
title Hybrid Direction of Arrival Precoding for Multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Aided Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access in 6G Networks
title_full Hybrid Direction of Arrival Precoding for Multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Aided Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access in 6G Networks
title_fullStr Hybrid Direction of Arrival Precoding for Multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Aided Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access in 6G Networks
title_full_unstemmed Hybrid Direction of Arrival Precoding for Multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Aided Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access in 6G Networks
title_short Hybrid Direction of Arrival Precoding for Multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Aided Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access in 6G Networks
title_sort hybrid direction of arrival precoding for multiple unmanned aerial vehicles aided non orthogonal multiple access in 6g networks
topic hybrid precoding
millimeter wave
non-orthogonal multiple access scheme
massive MIMO
unmanned aerial vehicles
direction of arrivals (DoA)
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/2/895
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