Endometrial Polyps: Update Overview on Etiology, Diagnosis, Natural History and Treatment
Objectives: To provide an updated literature overview about the pathophysiology, natural history, diagnosis and treatment of endometrial polyps (EPs). Findings in Brief: EPs are focal, sessile or pedunculated projections of endometrial lining, resulting from the hyperplastic overgrowths of endometri...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IMR Press
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Clinical and Experimental Obstetrics & Gynecology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.imrpress.com/journal/CEOG/49/10/10.31083/j.ceog4910232 |
| _version_ | 1828141046996926464 |
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| author | Mariana De Cunha Vieira Amerigo Vitagliano Mariana Costa Rossette Luiz Cavalcanti de Albuquerque Neto Alessandra Gallo Attilio Di Spiezio Sardo |
| author_facet | Mariana De Cunha Vieira Amerigo Vitagliano Mariana Costa Rossette Luiz Cavalcanti de Albuquerque Neto Alessandra Gallo Attilio Di Spiezio Sardo |
| author_sort | Mariana De Cunha Vieira |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objectives: To provide an updated literature overview about the pathophysiology, natural history, diagnosis and treatment of endometrial polyps (EPs). Findings in Brief: EPs are focal, sessile or pedunculated projections of endometrial lining, resulting from the hyperplastic overgrowths of endometrial glands and stroma around a vascular core. These are the most common intrauterine diseases, affecting up to 34.9% of the women during their lifetime. EPs may vary in size, location, histopathology, natural history and clinical presentation. Importantly, EPs are common in women suffering with infertility (i.e., up to 32% in patients undergoing in-vitro-fertilization) and are not exempt from risk of malignant transformation (occurring in about 3.1% of patients). For these reasons, EPs represent one of the most significant gynaecological problems worldwide. Trans-vaginal ultrasound has fair diagnostic accuracy for EPs, with sensitivity and specificity of 91% and 90%, respectively. Nevertheless, the current gold standard for EPs diagnosis is hysteroscopy, which allows a direct visualization of EPs size and morphology. Moreover, this technique enables safe EPs excision, with a low risk of incomplete tissue removal (about 1.9% and 4.3% in inpatient and outpatient settings, respectively), and variable recurrence rate based on individual risk factors (ranging between 2.5% and 43.6%). Besides hysteroscopy, other management options for EPs can be considered on a case by case basis. Conclusions: Our review may be helpful for updating clinicians’ knowledge on the management of EPs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T19:18:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-957dcde797814ac3b574b856686c65cf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0390-6663 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T19:18:44Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | IMR Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Clinical and Experimental Obstetrics & Gynecology |
| spelling | doaj.art-957dcde797814ac3b574b856686c65cf2022-12-22T04:07:22ZengIMR PressClinical and Experimental Obstetrics & Gynecology0390-66632022-09-01491023210.31083/j.ceog4910232S0390-6663(22)01872-3Endometrial Polyps: Update Overview on Etiology, Diagnosis, Natural History and TreatmentMariana De Cunha Vieira0Amerigo Vitagliano1Mariana Costa Rossette2Luiz Cavalcanti de Albuquerque Neto3Alessandra Gallo4Attilio Di Spiezio Sardo5Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 255, 10° andar, 05403-000 Cerqueira Cesar, SP, BrazilUnit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Women and Children's Health, University of Padua, 35122 Padua, ItalyGynecologic Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, 04023-062 São Paulo, SP, BrazilGynecologic Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, 04023-062 São Paulo, SP, BrazilDepartment of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, ItalyObjectives: To provide an updated literature overview about the pathophysiology, natural history, diagnosis and treatment of endometrial polyps (EPs). Findings in Brief: EPs are focal, sessile or pedunculated projections of endometrial lining, resulting from the hyperplastic overgrowths of endometrial glands and stroma around a vascular core. These are the most common intrauterine diseases, affecting up to 34.9% of the women during their lifetime. EPs may vary in size, location, histopathology, natural history and clinical presentation. Importantly, EPs are common in women suffering with infertility (i.e., up to 32% in patients undergoing in-vitro-fertilization) and are not exempt from risk of malignant transformation (occurring in about 3.1% of patients). For these reasons, EPs represent one of the most significant gynaecological problems worldwide. Trans-vaginal ultrasound has fair diagnostic accuracy for EPs, with sensitivity and specificity of 91% and 90%, respectively. Nevertheless, the current gold standard for EPs diagnosis is hysteroscopy, which allows a direct visualization of EPs size and morphology. Moreover, this technique enables safe EPs excision, with a low risk of incomplete tissue removal (about 1.9% and 4.3% in inpatient and outpatient settings, respectively), and variable recurrence rate based on individual risk factors (ranging between 2.5% and 43.6%). Besides hysteroscopy, other management options for EPs can be considered on a case by case basis. Conclusions: Our review may be helpful for updating clinicians’ knowledge on the management of EPs.https://www.imrpress.com/journal/CEOG/49/10/10.31083/j.ceog4910232endometrial polypsetiologydiagnosisinfertilityhystopathologyhysteroscopynatural hystorypolypectomyendometrial cancer |
| spellingShingle | Mariana De Cunha Vieira Amerigo Vitagliano Mariana Costa Rossette Luiz Cavalcanti de Albuquerque Neto Alessandra Gallo Attilio Di Spiezio Sardo Endometrial Polyps: Update Overview on Etiology, Diagnosis, Natural History and Treatment Clinical and Experimental Obstetrics & Gynecology endometrial polyps etiology diagnosis infertility hystopathology hysteroscopy natural hystory polypectomy endometrial cancer |
| title | Endometrial Polyps: Update Overview on Etiology, Diagnosis, Natural History and Treatment |
| title_full | Endometrial Polyps: Update Overview on Etiology, Diagnosis, Natural History and Treatment |
| title_fullStr | Endometrial Polyps: Update Overview on Etiology, Diagnosis, Natural History and Treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Endometrial Polyps: Update Overview on Etiology, Diagnosis, Natural History and Treatment |
| title_short | Endometrial Polyps: Update Overview on Etiology, Diagnosis, Natural History and Treatment |
| title_sort | endometrial polyps update overview on etiology diagnosis natural history and treatment |
| topic | endometrial polyps etiology diagnosis infertility hystopathology hysteroscopy natural hystory polypectomy endometrial cancer |
| url | https://www.imrpress.com/journal/CEOG/49/10/10.31083/j.ceog4910232 |
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