Applications of nitrate and ammonium fertilizers alter soil nematode food webs in a continuous cucumber cropping system in Southwestern Sichuan, China
Nitrate (NO3--N) and ammonium (NH4+-N) fertilizers are the main forms of chemical inorganic nitrogen fertilizers that are widely used in agro-ecosystem for high yield. However, the responses of soil nematode food web to different forms and rates of inorganic nitrogen fertilizers are not well underst...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Federation of Eurasian Soil Science Societies
2015-10-01
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| Series: | Eurasian Journal of Soil Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://dergipark.ulakbim.gov.tr/ejss/article/view/5000145564/5000132892 |
| _version_ | 1827849403042365440 |
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| author | Kaiwen Pan Pimin Gong Jinchuang Wang Yanjie Wang Chenggang Liu Wei Li Lin Zhang |
| author_facet | Kaiwen Pan Pimin Gong Jinchuang Wang Yanjie Wang Chenggang Liu Wei Li Lin Zhang |
| author_sort | Kaiwen Pan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nitrate (NO3--N) and ammonium (NH4+-N) fertilizers are the main forms of chemical inorganic nitrogen fertilizers that are widely used in agro-ecosystem for high yield. However, the responses of soil nematode food web to different forms and rates of inorganic nitrogen fertilizers are not well understood. The objective of this study was to determine the responses of soil nematode food web to the applications of inorganic nitrogen fertilizers in a continuous cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) cropping system. Nitrate (NaNO3) and ammonium (NH4HCO3) fertilizers were applied to cucumber plants at the nitrogen (N) rate of 0, 67.5, 135.0 and 202.5 kg N hm-2 before planting. It was conducted in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications at Huaizi village, Leshan district, Sichuan province, Southwestern China. The effects were analyzed at the stages of seedling, blooming and fruiting, respectively. The results indicated that the numbers of nematodes were significantly higher in soils with the addition of 67.5 kg N hm-2 than the control at the seedling and blooming stages. Nematode number strongly increased at the seedling stage and decreased at the blooming and fruiting stages in nitrate-treated soils compared to the ammonium-treated. The percentage of herbivores to total nematodes significantly decreased while that of bacterivores increased with a fertilizer rate less than 135 kg N hm-2 at the seedling and fruiting stages. Nitrate significantly reduced the percentage of herbivores, and increased that of bacterivores to total nematodes by comparison with ammonium at the blooming and fruiting stages. The application of nitrate significantly increased nematode diversity and evenness, and decreased dominance at the blooming stage relative to ammonium. Nitrate significantly decreased the values of channel index at the blooming stage and maturity index at the seedling stage in comparison with ammonium, respectively. Enrichment index and structural index strongly increased at the seedling stage, and decreased at the blooming and fruiting stages under the treatment of nitrate relative to ammonium. The results suggested responses of nematode food web dependent on the rates and forms of inorganic nitrogen fertilizers and stages of cucumber growth. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T10:04:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-958df840e2b2473f98a9cafe1375403d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2147-4249 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T10:04:35Z |
| publishDate | 2015-10-01 |
| publisher | Federation of Eurasian Soil Science Societies |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Eurasian Journal of Soil Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-958df840e2b2473f98a9cafe1375403d2023-09-02T11:24:04ZengFederation of Eurasian Soil Science SocietiesEurasian Journal of Soil Science2147-42492015-10-014428730010.18393/ejss.2015.4.287-300Applications of nitrate and ammonium fertilizers alter soil nematode food webs in a continuous cucumber cropping system in Southwestern Sichuan, ChinaKaiwen Pan0Pimin Gong1Jinchuang Wang2Yanjie Wang3Chenggang Liu4Wei Li5Lin Zhang6Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization, Chengdu Institute of Biology, ChinaKey Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization, Chengdu Institute of Biology, ChinaKey Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization, Chengdu Institute of Biology, ChinaKey Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization, Chengdu Institute of Biology, ChinaKey Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization, Chengdu Institute of Biology, ChinaKey Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization, Chengdu Institute of Biology, ChinaKey Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization, Chengdu Institute of Biology, ChinaNitrate (NO3--N) and ammonium (NH4+-N) fertilizers are the main forms of chemical inorganic nitrogen fertilizers that are widely used in agro-ecosystem for high yield. However, the responses of soil nematode food web to different forms and rates of inorganic nitrogen fertilizers are not well understood. The objective of this study was to determine the responses of soil nematode food web to the applications of inorganic nitrogen fertilizers in a continuous cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) cropping system. Nitrate (NaNO3) and ammonium (NH4HCO3) fertilizers were applied to cucumber plants at the nitrogen (N) rate of 0, 67.5, 135.0 and 202.5 kg N hm-2 before planting. It was conducted in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications at Huaizi village, Leshan district, Sichuan province, Southwestern China. The effects were analyzed at the stages of seedling, blooming and fruiting, respectively. The results indicated that the numbers of nematodes were significantly higher in soils with the addition of 67.5 kg N hm-2 than the control at the seedling and blooming stages. Nematode number strongly increased at the seedling stage and decreased at the blooming and fruiting stages in nitrate-treated soils compared to the ammonium-treated. The percentage of herbivores to total nematodes significantly decreased while that of bacterivores increased with a fertilizer rate less than 135 kg N hm-2 at the seedling and fruiting stages. Nitrate significantly reduced the percentage of herbivores, and increased that of bacterivores to total nematodes by comparison with ammonium at the blooming and fruiting stages. The application of nitrate significantly increased nematode diversity and evenness, and decreased dominance at the blooming stage relative to ammonium. Nitrate significantly decreased the values of channel index at the blooming stage and maturity index at the seedling stage in comparison with ammonium, respectively. Enrichment index and structural index strongly increased at the seedling stage, and decreased at the blooming and fruiting stages under the treatment of nitrate relative to ammonium. The results suggested responses of nematode food web dependent on the rates and forms of inorganic nitrogen fertilizers and stages of cucumber growth.http://dergipark.ulakbim.gov.tr/ejss/article/view/5000145564/5000132892Nitrogen fertilizersoil nematodestrophic groupssoil food web |
| spellingShingle | Kaiwen Pan Pimin Gong Jinchuang Wang Yanjie Wang Chenggang Liu Wei Li Lin Zhang Applications of nitrate and ammonium fertilizers alter soil nematode food webs in a continuous cucumber cropping system in Southwestern Sichuan, China Eurasian Journal of Soil Science Nitrogen fertilizer soil nematodes trophic groups soil food web |
| title | Applications of nitrate and ammonium fertilizers alter soil nematode food webs in a continuous cucumber cropping system in Southwestern Sichuan, China |
| title_full | Applications of nitrate and ammonium fertilizers alter soil nematode food webs in a continuous cucumber cropping system in Southwestern Sichuan, China |
| title_fullStr | Applications of nitrate and ammonium fertilizers alter soil nematode food webs in a continuous cucumber cropping system in Southwestern Sichuan, China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Applications of nitrate and ammonium fertilizers alter soil nematode food webs in a continuous cucumber cropping system in Southwestern Sichuan, China |
| title_short | Applications of nitrate and ammonium fertilizers alter soil nematode food webs in a continuous cucumber cropping system in Southwestern Sichuan, China |
| title_sort | applications of nitrate and ammonium fertilizers alter soil nematode food webs in a continuous cucumber cropping system in southwestern sichuan china |
| topic | Nitrogen fertilizer soil nematodes trophic groups soil food web |
| url | http://dergipark.ulakbim.gov.tr/ejss/article/view/5000145564/5000132892 |
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