Opening the black box of Anaplasma phagocytophilum diversity: current situation and future perspectives
Anaplasma phagocytophilum is a zoonotic obligate intracellular bacterium known to be transmitted by ticks belonging to the Ixodes persulcatus complex. This bacterium can infect several mammalian species, and is known to cause diseases with variable symptoms in many domestic animals. Specifically, it...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2015-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fcimb.2015.00061/full |
| _version_ | 1818422476299829248 |
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| author | Thibaud eDugat Anne-Claire eLagrée Renaud eMaillard Renaud eMaillard Henri-Jean eBoulouis Nadia eHaddad |
| author_facet | Thibaud eDugat Anne-Claire eLagrée Renaud eMaillard Renaud eMaillard Henri-Jean eBoulouis Nadia eHaddad |
| author_sort | Thibaud eDugat |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Anaplasma phagocytophilum is a zoonotic obligate intracellular bacterium known to be transmitted by ticks belonging to the Ixodes persulcatus complex. This bacterium can infect several mammalian species, and is known to cause diseases with variable symptoms in many domestic animals. Specifically, it is the causative agent of tick-borne fever, a disease of important economic impact in European domestic ruminants, and human granulocytic anaplasmosis, an emerging zoonotic disease in both the USA and Europe. A. phagocytophilum epidemiological cycles are complex and involve different ecotypes, vectors, and mammalian host species. Moreover, the epidemiology of A. phagocytophilum infection differs greatly between Europe and the USA. These different epidemiological contexts are associated with considerable variations in bacterial strains. Until recently, few A. phagocytophilum molecular typing tools were available, generating difficulties in completely elucidating the epidemiological cycles of this bacterium. Over the last few years, many A. phagocytophilum typing techniques have been developed, permitting in-depth epidemiological exploration. Here, we review the current knowledge and future perspectives regarding A. phagocytophilum epidemiology and phylogeny, and then focus on the molecular typing tools available for studying A. phagocytophilum genetic diversity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T13:26:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9591ae6716ea410193ef9c16e651b054 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2235-2988 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T13:26:52Z |
| publishDate | 2015-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-9591ae6716ea410193ef9c16e651b0542022-12-21T22:59:48ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology2235-29882015-08-01510.3389/fcimb.2015.00061153824Opening the black box of Anaplasma phagocytophilum diversity: current situation and future perspectivesThibaud eDugat0Anne-Claire eLagrée1Renaud eMaillard2Renaud eMaillard3Henri-Jean eBoulouis4Nadia eHaddad5Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail (Anses)Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’AlfortEcole Nationale Vétérinaire de ToulouseEcole Nationale Vétérinaire d’AlfortEcole Nationale Vétérinaire d’AlfortEcole Nationale Vétérinaire d’AlfortAnaplasma phagocytophilum is a zoonotic obligate intracellular bacterium known to be transmitted by ticks belonging to the Ixodes persulcatus complex. This bacterium can infect several mammalian species, and is known to cause diseases with variable symptoms in many domestic animals. Specifically, it is the causative agent of tick-borne fever, a disease of important economic impact in European domestic ruminants, and human granulocytic anaplasmosis, an emerging zoonotic disease in both the USA and Europe. A. phagocytophilum epidemiological cycles are complex and involve different ecotypes, vectors, and mammalian host species. Moreover, the epidemiology of A. phagocytophilum infection differs greatly between Europe and the USA. These different epidemiological contexts are associated with considerable variations in bacterial strains. Until recently, few A. phagocytophilum molecular typing tools were available, generating difficulties in completely elucidating the epidemiological cycles of this bacterium. Over the last few years, many A. phagocytophilum typing techniques have been developed, permitting in-depth epidemiological exploration. Here, we review the current knowledge and future perspectives regarding A. phagocytophilum epidemiology and phylogeny, and then focus on the molecular typing tools available for studying A. phagocytophilum genetic diversity.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fcimb.2015.00061/fullAnaplasma phagocytophilumEpidemiologyphylogenydiversityTick-borne feverGranulocytic anaplasmosis |
| spellingShingle | Thibaud eDugat Anne-Claire eLagrée Renaud eMaillard Renaud eMaillard Henri-Jean eBoulouis Nadia eHaddad Opening the black box of Anaplasma phagocytophilum diversity: current situation and future perspectives Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology Anaplasma phagocytophilum Epidemiology phylogeny diversity Tick-borne fever Granulocytic anaplasmosis |
| title | Opening the black box of Anaplasma phagocytophilum diversity: current situation and future perspectives |
| title_full | Opening the black box of Anaplasma phagocytophilum diversity: current situation and future perspectives |
| title_fullStr | Opening the black box of Anaplasma phagocytophilum diversity: current situation and future perspectives |
| title_full_unstemmed | Opening the black box of Anaplasma phagocytophilum diversity: current situation and future perspectives |
| title_short | Opening the black box of Anaplasma phagocytophilum diversity: current situation and future perspectives |
| title_sort | opening the black box of anaplasma phagocytophilum diversity current situation and future perspectives |
| topic | Anaplasma phagocytophilum Epidemiology phylogeny diversity Tick-borne fever Granulocytic anaplasmosis |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fcimb.2015.00061/full |
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