A pilot study of research methods for determining the impact of pictorial cigarette warning labels among smokers
Background Science to determine the impact of pictorial cigarette warning labels can inform decisions about warning label implementation and adjustments to their contents to maximize impact. This pilot study builds from earlier research on plain cigarette packaging to examine the feasibility of a me...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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European Publishing
2014-09-01
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| Series: | Tobacco Induced Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.journalssystem.com/tid/A-pilot-study-of-research-methods-for-determining-the-impact-of-pictorial-cigarette-warning-labels-among-smokers,67117,0,2.html |
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| author | Darren Mays Sarah E. Murphy Andrea C. Johnson John D Kraemer Kenneth P Tercyak |
| author_facet | Darren Mays Sarah E. Murphy Andrea C. Johnson John D Kraemer Kenneth P Tercyak |
| author_sort | Darren Mays |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background
Science to determine the impact of pictorial cigarette warning labels can inform decisions about warning label implementation and adjustments to their contents to maximize impact. This pilot study builds from earlier research on plain cigarette packaging to examine the feasibility of a method for determining the impact of pictorial warnings among smokers.
Methods
The study was a prospective, within-subjects pilot trial where smokers ages 18–30 (n = 10) were exposed to pictorial warnings on their cigarette packs. On day one, participants completed a baseline interview with an expired carbon monoxide reading and affixed pictorial warning labels to their cigarette pack(s) they would use the next day. On day two, participants completed mobile phone text message assessments of smoking behaviors and protocol adherence. On day three, participants completed a follow-up interview similar to baseline. We achieved 100% sample retention and adherence with procedures. Compared with baseline assessments of perceptions and behaviors related to existing text-only warnings, at follow-up participants were more likely to report that pictorial warnings used during the study were noticeable (M 4.1, SD 1.3 vs. M 2.7, SD 1.2, p = .013), stopped them from smoking (M 1.6, SD 0.8 vs. M 1.1, SD 0.3, p = .052), and conveyed health risks of smoking (M 3.5 SD 1.3 vs. M 2.2, SD 1.1, p = .006). At follow-up, participants also reported the protocol was acceptable.
Conclusions
These findings suggest this is a feasible method that with further validation could provide evidence that can inform decisions regarding implementation of pictorial cigarette warnings. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T16:27:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-95aa28cce7b643b6a38499bc5b46f46a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1617-9625 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T16:27:52Z |
| publishDate | 2014-09-01 |
| publisher | European Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Tobacco Induced Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-95aa28cce7b643b6a38499bc5b46f46a2022-12-22T02:39:41ZengEuropean PublishingTobacco Induced Diseases1617-96252014-09-0112September10.1186/1617-9625-12-1667117A pilot study of research methods for determining the impact of pictorial cigarette warning labels among smokersDarren Mays0Sarah E. Murphy1Andrea C. Johnson2John D Kraemer3Kenneth P Tercyak4Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, USADepartment of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, USADepartment of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, USADepartment of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, USADepartment of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, USABackground Science to determine the impact of pictorial cigarette warning labels can inform decisions about warning label implementation and adjustments to their contents to maximize impact. This pilot study builds from earlier research on plain cigarette packaging to examine the feasibility of a method for determining the impact of pictorial warnings among smokers. Methods The study was a prospective, within-subjects pilot trial where smokers ages 18–30 (n = 10) were exposed to pictorial warnings on their cigarette packs. On day one, participants completed a baseline interview with an expired carbon monoxide reading and affixed pictorial warning labels to their cigarette pack(s) they would use the next day. On day two, participants completed mobile phone text message assessments of smoking behaviors and protocol adherence. On day three, participants completed a follow-up interview similar to baseline. We achieved 100% sample retention and adherence with procedures. Compared with baseline assessments of perceptions and behaviors related to existing text-only warnings, at follow-up participants were more likely to report that pictorial warnings used during the study were noticeable (M 4.1, SD 1.3 vs. M 2.7, SD 1.2, p = .013), stopped them from smoking (M 1.6, SD 0.8 vs. M 1.1, SD 0.3, p = .052), and conveyed health risks of smoking (M 3.5 SD 1.3 vs. M 2.2, SD 1.1, p = .006). At follow-up, participants also reported the protocol was acceptable. Conclusions These findings suggest this is a feasible method that with further validation could provide evidence that can inform decisions regarding implementation of pictorial cigarette warnings.http://www.journalssystem.com/tid/A-pilot-study-of-research-methods-for-determining-the-impact-of-pictorial-cigarette-warning-labels-among-smokers,67117,0,2.htmlpictorial cigarette warning labelscigarette smokingyoung adults |
| spellingShingle | Darren Mays Sarah E. Murphy Andrea C. Johnson John D Kraemer Kenneth P Tercyak A pilot study of research methods for determining the impact of pictorial cigarette warning labels among smokers Tobacco Induced Diseases pictorial cigarette warning labels cigarette smoking young adults |
| title | A pilot study of research methods for determining the impact of pictorial cigarette warning labels among smokers |
| title_full | A pilot study of research methods for determining the impact of pictorial cigarette warning labels among smokers |
| title_fullStr | A pilot study of research methods for determining the impact of pictorial cigarette warning labels among smokers |
| title_full_unstemmed | A pilot study of research methods for determining the impact of pictorial cigarette warning labels among smokers |
| title_short | A pilot study of research methods for determining the impact of pictorial cigarette warning labels among smokers |
| title_sort | pilot study of research methods for determining the impact of pictorial cigarette warning labels among smokers |
| topic | pictorial cigarette warning labels cigarette smoking young adults |
| url | http://www.journalssystem.com/tid/A-pilot-study-of-research-methods-for-determining-the-impact-of-pictorial-cigarette-warning-labels-among-smokers,67117,0,2.html |
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