Measuring Mindfulness in Business School Students: A Comparative Analysis of Mindful Attention Awareness Scale and Langer’s Scale
Research studies have established that mindfulness helps in psychological well-being, stress reduction, chronic pain management, behavioral therapy, and other areas including organizational development. Mindfulness often refers to a state of consciousness, but mindfulness can also be understood as a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Behavioral Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-328X/13/2/116 |
| _version_ | 1797622361301712896 |
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| author | Mohammed Laeequddin K. Abdul Waheed Vinita Sahay |
| author_facet | Mohammed Laeequddin K. Abdul Waheed Vinita Sahay |
| author_sort | Mohammed Laeequddin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Research studies have established that mindfulness helps in psychological well-being, stress reduction, chronic pain management, behavioral therapy, and other areas including organizational development. Mindfulness often refers to a state of consciousness, but mindfulness can also be understood as a personality trait. State mindfulness is referred as the individual’s capacity to cultivate a particular state of mind during meditative practice. Traits are more permanent facets of personality characteristics that are difficult to change and likely have some basis in genetics. Few scholars have criticized meditative mindfulness as a trend and cautioned that organizations should carefully consider their goals before introducing meditative mindfulness training. This dichotomy has prompted us to review the literature and carry out a comparative analysis of two divergent measurement scales of mindfulness: the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) and Langer’s mindfulness/mindlessness scale. The MAAS is the most widely used mindfulness scale to measure mindfulness, and Langer’s scale measures mindfulness/mindlessness. We developed hypotheses relating Langer’s scale and the MAAS. Further, we studied whether there is any difference in mindfulness/mindlessness among business school students with an undergraduate background in engineering and nonengineering streams. Using a self-administered questionnaire, we measured the mindfulness levels of 221 MBA first- and second-year graduates and tested the hypothesis using partial least squares structural equations modeling (PLS-SEM). We found that Langer’s mindfulness/mindlessness scale was negatively associated with the MAAS. We did not find any effect of gender, education, and professional specializations on mindfulness. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:09:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-95c4591d2f384703a250ccc626c7ba8b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-328X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:09:11Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Behavioral Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-95c4591d2f384703a250ccc626c7ba8b2023-11-16T19:08:45ZengMDPI AGBehavioral Sciences2076-328X2023-01-0113211610.3390/bs13020116Measuring Mindfulness in Business School Students: A Comparative Analysis of Mindful Attention Awareness Scale and Langer’s ScaleMohammed Laeequddin0K. Abdul Waheed1Vinita Sahay2Indian Institute of Management Bodh Gaya, Bodh Gaya 824234, IndiaShiv Nadar Institution of Eminence Deemed to be University, Greater Noida 201314, IndiaIndian Institute of Management Bodh Gaya, Bodh Gaya 824234, IndiaResearch studies have established that mindfulness helps in psychological well-being, stress reduction, chronic pain management, behavioral therapy, and other areas including organizational development. Mindfulness often refers to a state of consciousness, but mindfulness can also be understood as a personality trait. State mindfulness is referred as the individual’s capacity to cultivate a particular state of mind during meditative practice. Traits are more permanent facets of personality characteristics that are difficult to change and likely have some basis in genetics. Few scholars have criticized meditative mindfulness as a trend and cautioned that organizations should carefully consider their goals before introducing meditative mindfulness training. This dichotomy has prompted us to review the literature and carry out a comparative analysis of two divergent measurement scales of mindfulness: the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) and Langer’s mindfulness/mindlessness scale. The MAAS is the most widely used mindfulness scale to measure mindfulness, and Langer’s scale measures mindfulness/mindlessness. We developed hypotheses relating Langer’s scale and the MAAS. Further, we studied whether there is any difference in mindfulness/mindlessness among business school students with an undergraduate background in engineering and nonengineering streams. Using a self-administered questionnaire, we measured the mindfulness levels of 221 MBA first- and second-year graduates and tested the hypothesis using partial least squares structural equations modeling (PLS-SEM). We found that Langer’s mindfulness/mindlessness scale was negatively associated with the MAAS. We did not find any effect of gender, education, and professional specializations on mindfulness.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-328X/13/2/116mindfulnessmeasuring mindfulnessmindful attention awareness scaleLanger’s mindfulness/mindlessness scale |
| spellingShingle | Mohammed Laeequddin K. Abdul Waheed Vinita Sahay Measuring Mindfulness in Business School Students: A Comparative Analysis of Mindful Attention Awareness Scale and Langer’s Scale Behavioral Sciences mindfulness measuring mindfulness mindful attention awareness scale Langer’s mindfulness/mindlessness scale |
| title | Measuring Mindfulness in Business School Students: A Comparative Analysis of Mindful Attention Awareness Scale and Langer’s Scale |
| title_full | Measuring Mindfulness in Business School Students: A Comparative Analysis of Mindful Attention Awareness Scale and Langer’s Scale |
| title_fullStr | Measuring Mindfulness in Business School Students: A Comparative Analysis of Mindful Attention Awareness Scale and Langer’s Scale |
| title_full_unstemmed | Measuring Mindfulness in Business School Students: A Comparative Analysis of Mindful Attention Awareness Scale and Langer’s Scale |
| title_short | Measuring Mindfulness in Business School Students: A Comparative Analysis of Mindful Attention Awareness Scale and Langer’s Scale |
| title_sort | measuring mindfulness in business school students a comparative analysis of mindful attention awareness scale and langer s scale |
| topic | mindfulness measuring mindfulness mindful attention awareness scale Langer’s mindfulness/mindlessness scale |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-328X/13/2/116 |
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