Application of effluent reduction methods and treatment using advanced oxidation process at leather chemicals and tanning industries
The current study set out to assess and create long-term solutions for improving environmental performance concerning water use, wastewater production, and treatment at Syntan plant (glass-lined vessel unit) and application laboratory (small-scale leather retanning. Based on evaluations and analyses...
| Үндсэн зохиолчид: | , , , , , , |
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| Формат: | Өгүүллэг |
| Хэл сонгох: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-06-01
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| Цуврал: | Frontiers in Environmental Science |
| Нөхцлүүд: | |
| Онлайн хандалт: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2024.1422107/full |
| _version_ | 1827221989777997824 |
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| author | Azhar Ali Irfan Ahmed Shaikh Sajid Rashid Ahmad Muhammad Bilal Shakoor Jean Wan Hong Yong Muhammad Rizwan Faiza Samina |
| author_facet | Azhar Ali Irfan Ahmed Shaikh Sajid Rashid Ahmad Muhammad Bilal Shakoor Jean Wan Hong Yong Muhammad Rizwan Faiza Samina |
| author_sort | Azhar Ali |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The current study set out to assess and create long-term solutions for improving environmental performance concerning water use, wastewater production, and treatment at Syntan plant (glass-lined vessel unit) and application laboratory (small-scale leather retanning. Based on evaluations and analyses, best available techniques including water gauging, pressurized vessel washing, dedication of vessels to similar production, reuse techniques, developing commercial grade intermediate products from wash water, managing cooling water and developing reuse methods of reverse osmosis reject water were applied to reduce water consumption and effluent generation in process and non-process activities. Furthermore, the reduced effluent was subjected to treat using electrochemical processes, i.e., electrocoagulation and electro-Fenton, before it was drained to outside environment. As a result of the applications, 0%–100% change was measured in various process and non-process activities, whereas, 12.8%–100% reduction was measured in effluent. Soft cooling water consumption was reduced by 46.7%. The results of treated effluent parameters were compared and found the final removal efficiencies of total dissolved solids (51.4%), total suspended solids (99.2%), chemical oxygen demand (98.5%) and electric conductivity (67.7%). It is concluded that this study can be considered as a successful model to increased water efficiency in chemical industries, Furthermore, it could serve as a building block for the incorporation of cleaner and sustainable production approach into national agenda and to overcome stern issues of high-water and energy consumption and effluent management in different industries. |
| first_indexed | 2025-03-21T16:31:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-95ca6a9c51f64cea90c9f8ff7de726c8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-665X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-03-21T16:31:22Z |
| publishDate | 2024-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Environmental Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-95ca6a9c51f64cea90c9f8ff7de726c82024-06-17T04:49:58ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Environmental Science2296-665X2024-06-011210.3389/fenvs.2024.14221071422107Application of effluent reduction methods and treatment using advanced oxidation process at leather chemicals and tanning industriesAzhar Ali0Irfan Ahmed Shaikh1Sajid Rashid Ahmad2Muhammad Bilal Shakoor3Jean Wan Hong Yong4Muhammad Rizwan5Faiza Samina6College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, PakistanCollege of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, PakistanCollege of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, PakistanCollege of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, PakistanDepartment of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agriculture Sciences, Alnarp, SwedenDepartment of Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, PakistanLahore College for Women University, Lahore, PakistanThe current study set out to assess and create long-term solutions for improving environmental performance concerning water use, wastewater production, and treatment at Syntan plant (glass-lined vessel unit) and application laboratory (small-scale leather retanning. Based on evaluations and analyses, best available techniques including water gauging, pressurized vessel washing, dedication of vessels to similar production, reuse techniques, developing commercial grade intermediate products from wash water, managing cooling water and developing reuse methods of reverse osmosis reject water were applied to reduce water consumption and effluent generation in process and non-process activities. Furthermore, the reduced effluent was subjected to treat using electrochemical processes, i.e., electrocoagulation and electro-Fenton, before it was drained to outside environment. As a result of the applications, 0%–100% change was measured in various process and non-process activities, whereas, 12.8%–100% reduction was measured in effluent. Soft cooling water consumption was reduced by 46.7%. The results of treated effluent parameters were compared and found the final removal efficiencies of total dissolved solids (51.4%), total suspended solids (99.2%), chemical oxygen demand (98.5%) and electric conductivity (67.7%). It is concluded that this study can be considered as a successful model to increased water efficiency in chemical industries, Furthermore, it could serve as a building block for the incorporation of cleaner and sustainable production approach into national agenda and to overcome stern issues of high-water and energy consumption and effluent management in different industries.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2024.1422107/fullelectrocoagulationFenton processleather chemicalsreusewater efficiencywastewater treatment |
| spellingShingle | Azhar Ali Irfan Ahmed Shaikh Sajid Rashid Ahmad Muhammad Bilal Shakoor Jean Wan Hong Yong Muhammad Rizwan Faiza Samina Application of effluent reduction methods and treatment using advanced oxidation process at leather chemicals and tanning industries Frontiers in Environmental Science electrocoagulation Fenton process leather chemicals reuse water efficiency wastewater treatment |
| title | Application of effluent reduction methods and treatment using advanced oxidation process at leather chemicals and tanning industries |
| title_full | Application of effluent reduction methods and treatment using advanced oxidation process at leather chemicals and tanning industries |
| title_fullStr | Application of effluent reduction methods and treatment using advanced oxidation process at leather chemicals and tanning industries |
| title_full_unstemmed | Application of effluent reduction methods and treatment using advanced oxidation process at leather chemicals and tanning industries |
| title_short | Application of effluent reduction methods and treatment using advanced oxidation process at leather chemicals and tanning industries |
| title_sort | application of effluent reduction methods and treatment using advanced oxidation process at leather chemicals and tanning industries |
| topic | electrocoagulation Fenton process leather chemicals reuse water efficiency wastewater treatment |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2024.1422107/full |
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