| Summary: | Bailing Zhang,1 Honglang Li,2 Jieling Zhang,3 Yaping Hang,1 Yi Xu4 1Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Geriatric Medicine, People’s Hospital of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yi XuDepartment of Geriatric Medicine, People’s Hospital of Jiangxi Province, No. 92, Aiguo Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of ChinaTel/Fax +86-13970805275Email Yixu7271@163.comBackground: The importance of microRNAs (miRs) has been documented in infections. This study estimated the role of miR-340-5p in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)-infected alveolar type II cells.Methods: The microarray of GEO database was analyzed to find the differentially expressed miRs caused by Mtb infection, and miR-340-5p was selected as the research object. The effects of Mtb infection on A549 cells were studied by MTT, CFU, EdU, flow cytometry and ELISA assays. miR-340-5p expression was altered in Mtb-infected A549 cells. The downstream target of miR-340-5p was found by bioinformatics analysis and verified by the rescue experiment. The pathways regulated by miR-340-5p and its target gene were further studied.Results: Mtb infection suppressed the activity of A549 cells and promoted the release of inflammatory factors. Mtb infection inhibited miR-340-5p expression. Overexpression of miR-340-5p enhanced the resistance of A549 cells to Mtb infection. Moreover, miR-340-5p targeted TMED7. Overexpression of TMED7 reversed the protective effect of miR-340-5p on Mtb-infected A549 cells. miR-340-5p inhibited the activation of NF-κB by targeting TMED7.Conclusion: miR-340-5p inhibits the activation of NF-κB by targeting TMED7, thus alleviating the injury of A549 cells caused by Mtb infection. This study may offer a novel approach to Mtb infection.Keywords: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, alveolar type II cells, microRNA-340-5p, TMED7, NF-κB
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