Construction and Demonstration of a 6–18 GHz Microwave Three-Wave Mixing Experiment Using Multiple Synchronized Arbitrary Waveform Generators
This manuscript details the construction and demonstration of the first known microwave three-wave mixing (M3WM) experiment utilizing multiple arbitrary waveform generators (AWGs) completely operable in the 6–18 GHz frequency range for use in chirality determination and quantification. Many M3WM tec...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Symmetry |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/14/5/848 |
| _version_ | 1797495265022705664 |
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| author | Nicole T. Moon Klaus Woelk Garry S. Grubbs |
| author_facet | Nicole T. Moon Klaus Woelk Garry S. Grubbs |
| author_sort | Nicole T. Moon |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This manuscript details the construction and demonstration of the first known microwave three-wave mixing (M3WM) experiment utilizing multiple arbitrary waveform generators (AWGs) completely operable in the 6–18 GHz frequency range for use in chirality determination and quantification. Many M3WM techniques, which involve two orthogonal, subsequent Rabi π/2 and π microwave pulses, suffer from flexibility in pulse types and timings as well as frequency due to most instruments only using one, one-channel AWG and the M3WM probability decreasing with an increasing quantum number, <i>J</i>. In this work, we presented an M3WM instrument that allows that flexibility by introducing multiple, synchronized AWGs and adheres to the high probability transition loop pathways in carvone. The functionality and reliability of the instrument were demonstrated using a series of experiments and mixtures of the R and S enantiomers and determined to be of similar accuracy to other reported M3WM setups with the additional benefit of flexibility in pulsing schemes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:45:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-95dba8e401ff44bc82ce16e64138d2a9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-8994 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:45:23Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Symmetry |
| spelling | doaj.art-95dba8e401ff44bc82ce16e64138d2a92023-11-23T13:17:01ZengMDPI AGSymmetry2073-89942022-04-0114584810.3390/sym14050848Construction and Demonstration of a 6–18 GHz Microwave Three-Wave Mixing Experiment Using Multiple Synchronized Arbitrary Waveform GeneratorsNicole T. Moon0Klaus Woelk1Garry S. Grubbs2Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, 400 W. 11th St., Rolla, MO 65409, USADepartment of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, 400 W. 11th St., Rolla, MO 65409, USADepartment of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, 400 W. 11th St., Rolla, MO 65409, USAThis manuscript details the construction and demonstration of the first known microwave three-wave mixing (M3WM) experiment utilizing multiple arbitrary waveform generators (AWGs) completely operable in the 6–18 GHz frequency range for use in chirality determination and quantification. Many M3WM techniques, which involve two orthogonal, subsequent Rabi π/2 and π microwave pulses, suffer from flexibility in pulse types and timings as well as frequency due to most instruments only using one, one-channel AWG and the M3WM probability decreasing with an increasing quantum number, <i>J</i>. In this work, we presented an M3WM instrument that allows that flexibility by introducing multiple, synchronized AWGs and adheres to the high probability transition loop pathways in carvone. The functionality and reliability of the instrument were demonstrated using a series of experiments and mixtures of the R and S enantiomers and determined to be of similar accuracy to other reported M3WM setups with the additional benefit of flexibility in pulsing schemes.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/14/5/848microwave three-wave mixingchirality determinationcarvone |
| spellingShingle | Nicole T. Moon Klaus Woelk Garry S. Grubbs Construction and Demonstration of a 6–18 GHz Microwave Three-Wave Mixing Experiment Using Multiple Synchronized Arbitrary Waveform Generators Symmetry microwave three-wave mixing chirality determination carvone |
| title | Construction and Demonstration of a 6–18 GHz Microwave Three-Wave Mixing Experiment Using Multiple Synchronized Arbitrary Waveform Generators |
| title_full | Construction and Demonstration of a 6–18 GHz Microwave Three-Wave Mixing Experiment Using Multiple Synchronized Arbitrary Waveform Generators |
| title_fullStr | Construction and Demonstration of a 6–18 GHz Microwave Three-Wave Mixing Experiment Using Multiple Synchronized Arbitrary Waveform Generators |
| title_full_unstemmed | Construction and Demonstration of a 6–18 GHz Microwave Three-Wave Mixing Experiment Using Multiple Synchronized Arbitrary Waveform Generators |
| title_short | Construction and Demonstration of a 6–18 GHz Microwave Three-Wave Mixing Experiment Using Multiple Synchronized Arbitrary Waveform Generators |
| title_sort | construction and demonstration of a 6 18 ghz microwave three wave mixing experiment using multiple synchronized arbitrary waveform generators |
| topic | microwave three-wave mixing chirality determination carvone |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/14/5/848 |
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