Reconstruction of the Late Bronze Age Foundry Process in Greater Poland: Analyzes and Simulations. Case Study of Hoard from Przybysław
One of the most interesting categories of artifacts for archaeometallurgical research includes deposits of bronze items, so-called “metallurgists hoards”. They contain, aside of final products, many fragments of raw material and, moreover, metallurgical tools. An important source for the studies on...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Polish Academy of Sciences
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Archives of Metallurgy and Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://journals.pan.pl/Content/124070/PDF/AMM-2022-3-43-Garbacz-Klempka.pdf |
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| author | A. Garbacz-Klempka M. Piękoś M. Perek-Nowak J. Kozana P. Żak A. Fijołek P. Silska M. Stróżyk |
| author_facet | A. Garbacz-Klempka M. Piękoś M. Perek-Nowak J. Kozana P. Żak A. Fijołek P. Silska M. Stróżyk |
| author_sort | A. Garbacz-Klempka |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | One of the most interesting categories of artifacts for archaeometallurgical research includes deposits of bronze items, so-called “metallurgists hoards”. They contain, aside of final products, many fragments of raw material and, moreover, metallurgical tools. An important source for the studies on the history of metallurgical technology is hoard from Przybysław, Greater Poland district. Thus, the aim of the work is the identification and interpretation of bronze-working practices and strategies adopted by prehistoric communities of the Late Bronze Age and the Early Iron Age (ca. 600 BC). The examined objects are characterized in terms of their design, structure, and chemical composition. The methods chosen for the studies of artifacts include: metallographic macro- and microscopic observations using optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the analysis of chemical composition with the methods of energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF). The thermodynamic analysis of the alloys was performed on the basis of the CALPHAD method. The experimental melts allowed to verify the theoretical considerations and to determine the characteristic temperatures of changes. The old casting technology can be analyzed basing on computer modeling and computer simulation methods. Simulations in the MAGMASOFT® software are a good example to illustrate how to fill a mould cavity with a molten bronze for a hoop ornament. It is also an appropriate tool to determine temperature distribution in a mould. The simulations also show the possible disadvantages with this old technology. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T14:22:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-95f758d5646d47cf9fa9d7f24311fac9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2300-1909 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T14:22:16Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | Polish Academy of Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Archives of Metallurgy and Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-95f758d5646d47cf9fa9d7f24311fac92022-12-22T04:19:02ZengPolish Academy of SciencesArchives of Metallurgy and Materials2300-19092022-08-01vol. 67No 311251136https://doi.org/10.24425/amm.2022.139712Reconstruction of the Late Bronze Age Foundry Process in Greater Poland: Analyzes and Simulations. Case Study of Hoard from PrzybysławA. Garbacz-Klempka0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8417-6131M. Piękoś1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2725-6642M. Perek-Nowak2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0323-1624J. Kozana3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4221-2525P. Żak4https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8414-6442A. Fijołek5https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3608-3517P. Silska6https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0252-409XM. Stróżyk7https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7503-4702AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Foundry Engineering, Historical Layers Research Centre, Kraków, PolandAGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Foundry Engineering, Historical Layers Research Centre, Kraków, PolandAGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Non Ferrous Metals, Historical Layers Research Centre, Kraków, PolandAGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Foundry Engineering, Historical Layers Research Centre, Kraków, PolandAGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Foundry Engineering, Historical Layers Research Centre, Kraków, PolandAGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Foundry Engineering, Historical Layers Research Centre, Kraków, PolandArchaeological Museum in Poznań, Poznań, PolandArchaeological Museum in Poznań, Poznań, PolandOne of the most interesting categories of artifacts for archaeometallurgical research includes deposits of bronze items, so-called “metallurgists hoards”. They contain, aside of final products, many fragments of raw material and, moreover, metallurgical tools. An important source for the studies on the history of metallurgical technology is hoard from Przybysław, Greater Poland district. Thus, the aim of the work is the identification and interpretation of bronze-working practices and strategies adopted by prehistoric communities of the Late Bronze Age and the Early Iron Age (ca. 600 BC). The examined objects are characterized in terms of their design, structure, and chemical composition. The methods chosen for the studies of artifacts include: metallographic macro- and microscopic observations using optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the analysis of chemical composition with the methods of energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF). The thermodynamic analysis of the alloys was performed on the basis of the CALPHAD method. The experimental melts allowed to verify the theoretical considerations and to determine the characteristic temperatures of changes. The old casting technology can be analyzed basing on computer modeling and computer simulation methods. Simulations in the MAGMASOFT® software are a good example to illustrate how to fill a mould cavity with a molten bronze for a hoop ornament. It is also an appropriate tool to determine temperature distribution in a mould. The simulations also show the possible disadvantages with this old technology.https://journals.pan.pl/Content/124070/PDF/AMM-2022-3-43-Garbacz-Klempka.pdfarchaeometallurgycopper alloyscastingcalphadcomputer modelinglate bronze age |
| spellingShingle | A. Garbacz-Klempka M. Piękoś M. Perek-Nowak J. Kozana P. Żak A. Fijołek P. Silska M. Stróżyk Reconstruction of the Late Bronze Age Foundry Process in Greater Poland: Analyzes and Simulations. Case Study of Hoard from Przybysław Archives of Metallurgy and Materials archaeometallurgy copper alloys casting calphad computer modeling late bronze age |
| title | Reconstruction of the Late Bronze Age Foundry Process in Greater Poland: Analyzes and Simulations. Case Study of Hoard from Przybysław |
| title_full | Reconstruction of the Late Bronze Age Foundry Process in Greater Poland: Analyzes and Simulations. Case Study of Hoard from Przybysław |
| title_fullStr | Reconstruction of the Late Bronze Age Foundry Process in Greater Poland: Analyzes and Simulations. Case Study of Hoard from Przybysław |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reconstruction of the Late Bronze Age Foundry Process in Greater Poland: Analyzes and Simulations. Case Study of Hoard from Przybysław |
| title_short | Reconstruction of the Late Bronze Age Foundry Process in Greater Poland: Analyzes and Simulations. Case Study of Hoard from Przybysław |
| title_sort | reconstruction of the late bronze age foundry process in greater poland analyzes and simulations case study of hoard from przybyslaw |
| topic | archaeometallurgy copper alloys casting calphad computer modeling late bronze age |
| url | https://journals.pan.pl/Content/124070/PDF/AMM-2022-3-43-Garbacz-Klempka.pdf |
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