Implementation and Evaluation of HTTP/3 Connectivity Check Using Happy Eyeballs Algorithm
The HTTP Alternative Services (Alt-Svc) method is defined as an application to check connectivity in HTTP/3. This method is designed based on the fact that communication with old HTTP is guaranteed and the HTTP/3 adoption rate is not necessarily dominant, and it is considered effective in the early...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Network |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-8732/2/3/24 |
| _version_ | 1797484147014369280 |
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| author | Tomofumi Matsuzawa Kyosuke Ichikawa |
| author_facet | Tomofumi Matsuzawa Kyosuke Ichikawa |
| author_sort | Tomofumi Matsuzawa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The HTTP Alternative Services (Alt-Svc) method is defined as an application to check connectivity in HTTP/3. This method is designed based on the fact that communication with old HTTP is guaranteed and the HTTP/3 adoption rate is not necessarily dominant, and it is considered effective in the early stages of transition. However, once HTTP/3 has reached its peak and the transitional period has passed, the uncertainty and redundancy of the Alt-Svc procedure become detrimental. In Alt-Svc, the procedure involves first completing the old HTTP connection to use HTTP/3, and then migrating to HTTP/3 if possible; however, because HTTP/3 is a protocol that eliminates the waste of the old HTTP handshake (TCP handshake followed by TLS handshake), HTTP/3 does not fully benefit from the rapid connection establishment of HTTP/3. Therefore, we propose a method to apply the Happy Eyeballs algorithm, which is used for IPv4 and IPv6 connectivity checks, to the old HTTP and HTTP/3 connectivity checks. The Happy Eyeballs algorithm performs the two selections in parallel to eliminate the delay that occurs in sequential processing, but the proposed method differs from the conventional Happy Eyeballs algorithm in that, even if the old HTTP is adopted once, it switches to the HTTP/3 connection if it is possible to connect using HTTP/3. The proposed method differs from the conventional Happy Eyeballs algorithm by introducing a mechanism to switch to HTTP/3 connections when HTTP/3 connections are available, even when the old HTTP is adopted. Results of the evaluation experiments demonstrated that the adoption rate of HTTP/3 increases in environments with high communication latency because the old HTTP performs the TLS handshake after the TCP handshake, but with this improvement, HTTP/3 is preferentially selected even in low latency environments when it is selectable. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:57:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-95f830da42334b5e9977dde408699948 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2673-8732 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:57:16Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Network |
| spelling | doaj.art-95f830da42334b5e9977dde4086999482023-11-23T18:08:17ZengMDPI AGNetwork2673-87322022-06-012338939710.3390/network2030024Implementation and Evaluation of HTTP/3 Connectivity Check Using Happy Eyeballs AlgorithmTomofumi Matsuzawa0Kyosuke Ichikawa1Department of Information Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Yamazaki, Chiba 278-8510, JapanDepartment of Information Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Yamazaki, Chiba 278-8510, JapanThe HTTP Alternative Services (Alt-Svc) method is defined as an application to check connectivity in HTTP/3. This method is designed based on the fact that communication with old HTTP is guaranteed and the HTTP/3 adoption rate is not necessarily dominant, and it is considered effective in the early stages of transition. However, once HTTP/3 has reached its peak and the transitional period has passed, the uncertainty and redundancy of the Alt-Svc procedure become detrimental. In Alt-Svc, the procedure involves first completing the old HTTP connection to use HTTP/3, and then migrating to HTTP/3 if possible; however, because HTTP/3 is a protocol that eliminates the waste of the old HTTP handshake (TCP handshake followed by TLS handshake), HTTP/3 does not fully benefit from the rapid connection establishment of HTTP/3. Therefore, we propose a method to apply the Happy Eyeballs algorithm, which is used for IPv4 and IPv6 connectivity checks, to the old HTTP and HTTP/3 connectivity checks. The Happy Eyeballs algorithm performs the two selections in parallel to eliminate the delay that occurs in sequential processing, but the proposed method differs from the conventional Happy Eyeballs algorithm in that, even if the old HTTP is adopted once, it switches to the HTTP/3 connection if it is possible to connect using HTTP/3. The proposed method differs from the conventional Happy Eyeballs algorithm by introducing a mechanism to switch to HTTP/3 connections when HTTP/3 connections are available, even when the old HTTP is adopted. Results of the evaluation experiments demonstrated that the adoption rate of HTTP/3 increases in environments with high communication latency because the old HTTP performs the TLS handshake after the TCP handshake, but with this improvement, HTTP/3 is preferentially selected even in low latency environments when it is selectable.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-8732/2/3/24QUICHTTP/3connectivity checkHappy Eyeballs |
| spellingShingle | Tomofumi Matsuzawa Kyosuke Ichikawa Implementation and Evaluation of HTTP/3 Connectivity Check Using Happy Eyeballs Algorithm Network QUIC HTTP/3 connectivity check Happy Eyeballs |
| title | Implementation and Evaluation of HTTP/3 Connectivity Check Using Happy Eyeballs Algorithm |
| title_full | Implementation and Evaluation of HTTP/3 Connectivity Check Using Happy Eyeballs Algorithm |
| title_fullStr | Implementation and Evaluation of HTTP/3 Connectivity Check Using Happy Eyeballs Algorithm |
| title_full_unstemmed | Implementation and Evaluation of HTTP/3 Connectivity Check Using Happy Eyeballs Algorithm |
| title_short | Implementation and Evaluation of HTTP/3 Connectivity Check Using Happy Eyeballs Algorithm |
| title_sort | implementation and evaluation of http 3 connectivity check using happy eyeballs algorithm |
| topic | QUIC HTTP/3 connectivity check Happy Eyeballs |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-8732/2/3/24 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT tomofumimatsuzawa implementationandevaluationofhttp3connectivitycheckusinghappyeyeballsalgorithm AT kyosukeichikawa implementationandevaluationofhttp3connectivitycheckusinghappyeyeballsalgorithm |