Effect of Electroejaculation Protocols on Semen Quality and Concentrations of Testosterone, Cortisol, Malondialdehyde, and Creatine Kinase in Captive Bengal Tigers
The Bengal tiger (<i>Panthera tigris tigris</i>) is critically endangered, so assisted reproductive technologies, including artificial insemination, are important conservation tools. For wild and domestic felids, electroejaculation (EE) is the most common semen collection method, with pr...
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/12/1893 |
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| author | Jaruwan Khonmee Janine L. Brown Anabel López Pérez Teepakorn Lertwichaikul Anucha Sathanawongs Patchara Pornnimitra Chanakan Areewong Jarawee Supanta Veerasak Punyapornwithaya Songphon Buddhasiri Khanittha Punturee |
| author_facet | Jaruwan Khonmee Janine L. Brown Anabel López Pérez Teepakorn Lertwichaikul Anucha Sathanawongs Patchara Pornnimitra Chanakan Areewong Jarawee Supanta Veerasak Punyapornwithaya Songphon Buddhasiri Khanittha Punturee |
| author_sort | Jaruwan Khonmee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Bengal tiger (<i>Panthera tigris tigris</i>) is critically endangered, so assisted reproductive technologies, including artificial insemination, are important conservation tools. For wild and domestic felids, electroejaculation (EE) is the most common semen collection method, with protocols optimized to obtain sufficient amounts of viable sperm for artificial insemination. However, less attention has been paid to ensuring animal wellbeing during the process. This study examined the effects of three EE protocols (Low, 2–5 volts; Medium, 3–6 volts; High, 4–7 volts) on semen quality, testicular size, serum testosterone, creatine kinase (CK), and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations, and serum cortisol as a proxy for stress. Blood samples were collected before, during, and after each EE series. Seminal plasma pH, and sperm motility, viability, and morphology were evaluated after each procedure. Seminal plasma and sperm pellet MDA concentrations were also determined. Primary sperm abnormalities and seminal plasma MDA were higher in the Low compared to Medium and High voltage groups (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Serum CK in the High voltage group increased during the EE series (<i>p</i> < 0.05), suggesting the potential for muscle damage. However, no significant changes were observed for serum cortisol, testosterone, or MDA concentrations. Results suggest the Medium voltage protocol produced good quality samples at lower voltages than the High protocol with no negative effect on muscle function, which might be better for animal welfare. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:51:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-96016c707919485086ac886fd12ea2ca |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:51:56Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-96016c707919485086ac886fd12ea2ca2023-11-18T08:57:42ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152023-06-011312189310.3390/ani13121893Effect of Electroejaculation Protocols on Semen Quality and Concentrations of Testosterone, Cortisol, Malondialdehyde, and Creatine Kinase in Captive Bengal TigersJaruwan Khonmee0Janine L. Brown1Anabel López Pérez2Teepakorn Lertwichaikul3Anucha Sathanawongs4Patchara Pornnimitra5Chanakan Areewong6Jarawee Supanta7Veerasak Punyapornwithaya8Songphon Buddhasiri9Khanittha Punturee10Department of Veterinary Bioscience and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, ThailandCenter of Elephant and Wildlife Health, Chiang Mai University-Animal Hospital, Chiang Mai 50100, ThailandDepartment of Veterinary Bioscience and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, ThailandDepartment of Veterinary Bioscience and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, ThailandDepartment of Veterinary Bioscience and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, ThailandDepartment of Veterinary Bioscience and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, ThailandTiger Kingdom Chiang Mai, Khum Suea Trakan Co., Ltd., Chiang Mai 50180, ThailandDepartment of Veterinary Bioscience and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, ThailandDepartment of Veterinary Bioscience and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, ThailandDepartment of Veterinary Bioscience and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, ThailandDepartment of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, ThailandThe Bengal tiger (<i>Panthera tigris tigris</i>) is critically endangered, so assisted reproductive technologies, including artificial insemination, are important conservation tools. For wild and domestic felids, electroejaculation (EE) is the most common semen collection method, with protocols optimized to obtain sufficient amounts of viable sperm for artificial insemination. However, less attention has been paid to ensuring animal wellbeing during the process. This study examined the effects of three EE protocols (Low, 2–5 volts; Medium, 3–6 volts; High, 4–7 volts) on semen quality, testicular size, serum testosterone, creatine kinase (CK), and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations, and serum cortisol as a proxy for stress. Blood samples were collected before, during, and after each EE series. Seminal plasma pH, and sperm motility, viability, and morphology were evaluated after each procedure. Seminal plasma and sperm pellet MDA concentrations were also determined. Primary sperm abnormalities and seminal plasma MDA were higher in the Low compared to Medium and High voltage groups (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Serum CK in the High voltage group increased during the EE series (<i>p</i> < 0.05), suggesting the potential for muscle damage. However, no significant changes were observed for serum cortisol, testosterone, or MDA concentrations. Results suggest the Medium voltage protocol produced good quality samples at lower voltages than the High protocol with no negative effect on muscle function, which might be better for animal welfare.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/12/1893<i>Panthera tigris</i>tigersBengal tigerelectroejaculationsementestosterone |
| spellingShingle | Jaruwan Khonmee Janine L. Brown Anabel López Pérez Teepakorn Lertwichaikul Anucha Sathanawongs Patchara Pornnimitra Chanakan Areewong Jarawee Supanta Veerasak Punyapornwithaya Songphon Buddhasiri Khanittha Punturee Effect of Electroejaculation Protocols on Semen Quality and Concentrations of Testosterone, Cortisol, Malondialdehyde, and Creatine Kinase in Captive Bengal Tigers Animals <i>Panthera tigris</i> tigers Bengal tiger electroejaculation semen testosterone |
| title | Effect of Electroejaculation Protocols on Semen Quality and Concentrations of Testosterone, Cortisol, Malondialdehyde, and Creatine Kinase in Captive Bengal Tigers |
| title_full | Effect of Electroejaculation Protocols on Semen Quality and Concentrations of Testosterone, Cortisol, Malondialdehyde, and Creatine Kinase in Captive Bengal Tigers |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Electroejaculation Protocols on Semen Quality and Concentrations of Testosterone, Cortisol, Malondialdehyde, and Creatine Kinase in Captive Bengal Tigers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Electroejaculation Protocols on Semen Quality and Concentrations of Testosterone, Cortisol, Malondialdehyde, and Creatine Kinase in Captive Bengal Tigers |
| title_short | Effect of Electroejaculation Protocols on Semen Quality and Concentrations of Testosterone, Cortisol, Malondialdehyde, and Creatine Kinase in Captive Bengal Tigers |
| title_sort | effect of electroejaculation protocols on semen quality and concentrations of testosterone cortisol malondialdehyde and creatine kinase in captive bengal tigers |
| topic | <i>Panthera tigris</i> tigers Bengal tiger electroejaculation semen testosterone |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/12/1893 |
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