Revolution or Evolution? Technical Requirements and Considerations towards 6G Mobile Communications
Ever since the introduction of fifth generation (5G) mobile communications, the mobile telecommunications industry has been debating whether 5G is an “evolution” or “revolution” from the previous legacy mobile networks, but now that 5G has been commercially available for the past few years, the rese...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/3/762 |
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| author | Saddam Alraih Ibraheem Shayea Mehran Behjati Rosdiadee Nordin Nor Fadzilah Abdullah Asma’ Abu-Samah Dalia Nandi |
| author_facet | Saddam Alraih Ibraheem Shayea Mehran Behjati Rosdiadee Nordin Nor Fadzilah Abdullah Asma’ Abu-Samah Dalia Nandi |
| author_sort | Saddam Alraih |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ever since the introduction of fifth generation (5G) mobile communications, the mobile telecommunications industry has been debating whether 5G is an “evolution” or “revolution” from the previous legacy mobile networks, but now that 5G has been commercially available for the past few years, the research direction has recently shifted towards the upcoming generation of mobile communication system, known as the sixth generation (6G), which is expected to drastically provide significant and evolutionary, if not revolutionary, improvements in mobile networks. The promise of extremely high data rates (in terabits), artificial intelligence (AI), ultra-low latency, near-zero/low energy, and immense connected devices is expected to enhance the connectivity, sustainability, and trustworthiness and provide some new services, such as truly immersive “extended reality” (XR), high-fidelity mobile hologram, and a new generation of entertainment. Sixth generation and its vision are still under research and open for developers and researchers to establish and develop their directions to realize future 6G technology, which is expected to be ready as early as 2028. This paper reviews 6G mobile technology, including its vision, requirements, enabling technologies, and challenges. Meanwhile, a total of 11 communication technologies, including terahertz (THz) communication, visible light communication (VLC), multiple access, coding, cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (CF-mMIMO) zero-energy interface, intelligent reflecting surface (IRS), and infusion of AI/machine learning (ML) in wireless transmission techniques, are presented. Moreover, this paper compares 5G and 6G in terms of services, key technologies, and enabling communications techniques. Finally, it discusses the crucial future directions and technology developments in 6G. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:10:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-96181988cf4a446696ec36bfc3afd625 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:10:54Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-96181988cf4a446696ec36bfc3afd6252023-11-23T17:44:57ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202022-01-0122376210.3390/s22030762Revolution or Evolution? Technical Requirements and Considerations towards 6G Mobile CommunicationsSaddam Alraih0Ibraheem Shayea1Mehran Behjati2Rosdiadee Nordin3Nor Fadzilah Abdullah4Asma’ Abu-Samah5Dalia Nandi6Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, MalaysiaElectronics and Communication Engineering Department, Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul 34467, TurkeyDepartment of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, MalaysiaIndian Institute of Information Technology (IIIT), Kalyani 741235, IndiaEver since the introduction of fifth generation (5G) mobile communications, the mobile telecommunications industry has been debating whether 5G is an “evolution” or “revolution” from the previous legacy mobile networks, but now that 5G has been commercially available for the past few years, the research direction has recently shifted towards the upcoming generation of mobile communication system, known as the sixth generation (6G), which is expected to drastically provide significant and evolutionary, if not revolutionary, improvements in mobile networks. The promise of extremely high data rates (in terabits), artificial intelligence (AI), ultra-low latency, near-zero/low energy, and immense connected devices is expected to enhance the connectivity, sustainability, and trustworthiness and provide some new services, such as truly immersive “extended reality” (XR), high-fidelity mobile hologram, and a new generation of entertainment. Sixth generation and its vision are still under research and open for developers and researchers to establish and develop their directions to realize future 6G technology, which is expected to be ready as early as 2028. This paper reviews 6G mobile technology, including its vision, requirements, enabling technologies, and challenges. Meanwhile, a total of 11 communication technologies, including terahertz (THz) communication, visible light communication (VLC), multiple access, coding, cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (CF-mMIMO) zero-energy interface, intelligent reflecting surface (IRS), and infusion of AI/machine learning (ML) in wireless transmission techniques, are presented. Moreover, this paper compares 5G and 6G in terms of services, key technologies, and enabling communications techniques. Finally, it discusses the crucial future directions and technology developments in 6G.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/3/7626Gbeyond 5Gfuture networksnext-generation mobileterahertzVLC |
| spellingShingle | Saddam Alraih Ibraheem Shayea Mehran Behjati Rosdiadee Nordin Nor Fadzilah Abdullah Asma’ Abu-Samah Dalia Nandi Revolution or Evolution? Technical Requirements and Considerations towards 6G Mobile Communications Sensors 6G beyond 5G future networks next-generation mobile terahertz VLC |
| title | Revolution or Evolution? Technical Requirements and Considerations towards 6G Mobile Communications |
| title_full | Revolution or Evolution? Technical Requirements and Considerations towards 6G Mobile Communications |
| title_fullStr | Revolution or Evolution? Technical Requirements and Considerations towards 6G Mobile Communications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Revolution or Evolution? Technical Requirements and Considerations towards 6G Mobile Communications |
| title_short | Revolution or Evolution? Technical Requirements and Considerations towards 6G Mobile Communications |
| title_sort | revolution or evolution technical requirements and considerations towards 6g mobile communications |
| topic | 6G beyond 5G future networks next-generation mobile terahertz VLC |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/3/762 |
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