The Microbiome in Systemic Sclerosis: Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Potential
Systemic sclerosis (SSc), also known as scleroderma, is an autoimmune disease with unknown etiology characterized by multi-organ fibrosis. Despite substantial investigation on SSc-related cellular and molecular mechanisms, effective therapies are still lacking. The skin, lungs, and gut are the most...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/24/16154 |
| _version_ | 1797457212367437824 |
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| author | Suhee Kim Hee Jin Park Sang-Il Lee |
| author_facet | Suhee Kim Hee Jin Park Sang-Il Lee |
| author_sort | Suhee Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Systemic sclerosis (SSc), also known as scleroderma, is an autoimmune disease with unknown etiology characterized by multi-organ fibrosis. Despite substantial investigation on SSc-related cellular and molecular mechanisms, effective therapies are still lacking. The skin, lungs, and gut are the most affected organs in SSc, which act as physical barriers and constantly communicate with colonized microbiota. Recent reports have documented a unique microbiome signature, which may be the pathogenic trigger or driver of SSc. Since gut microbiota influences the efficacy and toxicity of oral drugs, evaluating drug–microbiota interactions has become an area of interest in disease treatment. The existing evidence highlights the potential of the microbial challenge as a novel therapeutic option in SSc. In this review, we have summarized the current knowledge about molecular mechanisms of SSc and highlighted the underlying role of the microbiome in SSc pathogenesis. We have also discussed the latest therapeutic interventions using microbiomes in SSc, including drug–microbiota interactions and animal disease models. This review aims to elucidate the pathophysiological connection and therapeutic potential of the microbiome in SSc. Insights into the microbiome will significantly improve our understanding of etiopathogenesis and developing therapeutics for SSc. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:18:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-961e693bcc6c43c88adffed52159f06f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:18:57Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-961e693bcc6c43c88adffed52159f06f2023-11-24T15:33:53ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-12-0123241615410.3390/ijms232416154The Microbiome in Systemic Sclerosis: Pathophysiology and Therapeutic PotentialSuhee Kim0Hee Jin Park1Sang-Il Lee2Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Health Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University and Hospital, Jinju 52727, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Internal Medicine and Institute of Health Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University and Hospital, Jinju 52727, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Internal Medicine and Institute of Health Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University and Hospital, Jinju 52727, Republic of KoreaSystemic sclerosis (SSc), also known as scleroderma, is an autoimmune disease with unknown etiology characterized by multi-organ fibrosis. Despite substantial investigation on SSc-related cellular and molecular mechanisms, effective therapies are still lacking. The skin, lungs, and gut are the most affected organs in SSc, which act as physical barriers and constantly communicate with colonized microbiota. Recent reports have documented a unique microbiome signature, which may be the pathogenic trigger or driver of SSc. Since gut microbiota influences the efficacy and toxicity of oral drugs, evaluating drug–microbiota interactions has become an area of interest in disease treatment. The existing evidence highlights the potential of the microbial challenge as a novel therapeutic option in SSc. In this review, we have summarized the current knowledge about molecular mechanisms of SSc and highlighted the underlying role of the microbiome in SSc pathogenesis. We have also discussed the latest therapeutic interventions using microbiomes in SSc, including drug–microbiota interactions and animal disease models. This review aims to elucidate the pathophysiological connection and therapeutic potential of the microbiome in SSc. Insights into the microbiome will significantly improve our understanding of etiopathogenesis and developing therapeutics for SSc.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/24/16154systemic sclerosismicrobiotaanimal modelbioavailabilityoral drugs |
| spellingShingle | Suhee Kim Hee Jin Park Sang-Il Lee The Microbiome in Systemic Sclerosis: Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Potential International Journal of Molecular Sciences systemic sclerosis microbiota animal model bioavailability oral drugs |
| title | The Microbiome in Systemic Sclerosis: Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Potential |
| title_full | The Microbiome in Systemic Sclerosis: Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Potential |
| title_fullStr | The Microbiome in Systemic Sclerosis: Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Potential |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Microbiome in Systemic Sclerosis: Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Potential |
| title_short | The Microbiome in Systemic Sclerosis: Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Potential |
| title_sort | microbiome in systemic sclerosis pathophysiology and therapeutic potential |
| topic | systemic sclerosis microbiota animal model bioavailability oral drugs |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/24/16154 |
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