Thiol-Based Probe Linker with Antifouling Properties for Aptasensor Development
Surfaces with antifouling properties are critical for optimizing biosensors to improve the selectivity and specificity of analyte detection in complex biological samples. This work describes the four-step synthesis of 3-dithiothreitol propanoic acid (DTT<sub>COOH</sub>), a new antifoulin...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Chemosensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/10/10/435 |
| _version_ | 1797474244471291904 |
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| author | Sandro Spagnolo Katharina Davoudian Soha Ahmadi Edmund Chan Tibor Hianik Michael Thompson |
| author_facet | Sandro Spagnolo Katharina Davoudian Soha Ahmadi Edmund Chan Tibor Hianik Michael Thompson |
| author_sort | Sandro Spagnolo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Surfaces with antifouling properties are critical for optimizing biosensors to improve the selectivity and specificity of analyte detection in complex biological samples. This work describes the four-step synthesis of 3-dithiothreitol propanoic acid (DTT<sub>COOH</sub>), a new antifouling thiol linker that (a) significantly reduces fouling of raw human serum samples and (b) binds amino receptors via its terminal carboxylic acid group. DTT<sub>COOH</sub> was successfully functionalized on quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) discs and used to anchor penicillin-binding aptamers. Relative to bare and coated (11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUA) and 1-undecanethiol (UDT)) QCM crystals, DTT<sub>COOH</sub>’s antifouling improved by approximately 75–86%. Following aptamer/ethanolamine extension, the modified DTT<sub>COOH</sub> layer reduced serum fouling by approximately 95–97% compared to bare and coated (MUA, UDT) crystals. QCM with dissipation (QCM-D) monitoring, contact goniometry, and cyclic voltammetry techniques were used to compare the DTT<sub>COOH</sub> surfaces with quartz crystals functionalized with hydrophobic and hydrophilic molecules. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:28:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-962eb708e24b499192dc168186682a72 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9040 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:28:20Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Chemosensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-962eb708e24b499192dc168186682a722023-11-23T23:30:40ZengMDPI AGChemosensors2227-90402022-10-01101043510.3390/chemosensors10100435Thiol-Based Probe Linker with Antifouling Properties for Aptasensor DevelopmentSandro Spagnolo0Katharina Davoudian1Soha Ahmadi2Edmund Chan3Tibor Hianik4Michael Thompson5Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, Mlynská dolina F1, 842 48 Bratislava, SlovakiaDepartment of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, CanadaDepartment of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, CanadaDepartment of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, CanadaFaculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, Mlynská dolina F1, 842 48 Bratislava, SlovakiaDepartment of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, CanadaSurfaces with antifouling properties are critical for optimizing biosensors to improve the selectivity and specificity of analyte detection in complex biological samples. This work describes the four-step synthesis of 3-dithiothreitol propanoic acid (DTT<sub>COOH</sub>), a new antifouling thiol linker that (a) significantly reduces fouling of raw human serum samples and (b) binds amino receptors via its terminal carboxylic acid group. DTT<sub>COOH</sub> was successfully functionalized on quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) discs and used to anchor penicillin-binding aptamers. Relative to bare and coated (11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUA) and 1-undecanethiol (UDT)) QCM crystals, DTT<sub>COOH</sub>’s antifouling improved by approximately 75–86%. Following aptamer/ethanolamine extension, the modified DTT<sub>COOH</sub> layer reduced serum fouling by approximately 95–97% compared to bare and coated (MUA, UDT) crystals. QCM with dissipation (QCM-D) monitoring, contact goniometry, and cyclic voltammetry techniques were used to compare the DTT<sub>COOH</sub> surfaces with quartz crystals functionalized with hydrophobic and hydrophilic molecules.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/10/10/435antifouling linkerDNA aptamerhuman serumQCM-Dcyclic voltammetrycontact goniometry |
| spellingShingle | Sandro Spagnolo Katharina Davoudian Soha Ahmadi Edmund Chan Tibor Hianik Michael Thompson Thiol-Based Probe Linker with Antifouling Properties for Aptasensor Development Chemosensors antifouling linker DNA aptamer human serum QCM-D cyclic voltammetry contact goniometry |
| title | Thiol-Based Probe Linker with Antifouling Properties for Aptasensor Development |
| title_full | Thiol-Based Probe Linker with Antifouling Properties for Aptasensor Development |
| title_fullStr | Thiol-Based Probe Linker with Antifouling Properties for Aptasensor Development |
| title_full_unstemmed | Thiol-Based Probe Linker with Antifouling Properties for Aptasensor Development |
| title_short | Thiol-Based Probe Linker with Antifouling Properties for Aptasensor Development |
| title_sort | thiol based probe linker with antifouling properties for aptasensor development |
| topic | antifouling linker DNA aptamer human serum QCM-D cyclic voltammetry contact goniometry |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/10/10/435 |
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