Activity seascapes highlight central place foraging strategies in marine predators that never stop swimming
Abstract Background Central place foragers (CPF) rest within a central place, and theory predicts that distance of patches from this central place sets the outer limits of the foraging arena. Many marine ectothermic predators behave like CPF animals, but never stop swimming, suggesting that predator...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2018-06-01
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| Series: | Movement Ecology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40462-018-0127-3 |
| _version_ | 1819070111532711936 |
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| author | Yannis P. Papastamatiou Yuuki Y. Watanabe Urška Demšar Vianey Leos-Barajas Darcy Bradley Roland Langrock Kevin Weng Christopher G. Lowe Alan M. Friedlander Jennifer E. Caselle |
| author_facet | Yannis P. Papastamatiou Yuuki Y. Watanabe Urška Demšar Vianey Leos-Barajas Darcy Bradley Roland Langrock Kevin Weng Christopher G. Lowe Alan M. Friedlander Jennifer E. Caselle |
| author_sort | Yannis P. Papastamatiou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Central place foragers (CPF) rest within a central place, and theory predicts that distance of patches from this central place sets the outer limits of the foraging arena. Many marine ectothermic predators behave like CPF animals, but never stop swimming, suggesting that predators will incur ‘travelling’ costs while resting. Currently, it is unknown how these CPF predators behave or how modulation of behavior contributes to daily energy budgets. We combine acoustic telemetry, multi-sensor loggers, and hidden Markov models (HMMs) to generate ‘activity seascapes’, which combine space use with patterns of activity, for reef sharks (blacktip reef and grey reef sharks) at an unfished Pacific atoll. Results Sharks of both species occupied a central place during the day within deeper, cooler water where they were less active, and became more active over a larger area at night in shallower water. However, video cameras on two grey reef sharks revealed foraging attempts/success occurring throughout the day, and that multiple sharks were refuging in common areas. A simple bioenergetics model for grey reef sharks predicted that diel changes in energy expenditure are primarily driven by changes in swim speed and not body temperature. Conclusions We provide a new method for simultaneously visualizing diel space use and behavior in marine predators, which does not require the simultaneous measure of both from each animal. We show that blacktip and grey reef sharks behave as CPFs, with diel changes in activity, horizontal and vertical space use. However, aspects of their foraging behavior may differ from other predictions of traditional CPF models. In particular, for species that never stop swimming, patch foraging times may be unrelated to patch travel distance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T17:00:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9636ae0fb54c4dd787a3736b8fdfd8cd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2051-3933 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T17:00:45Z |
| publishDate | 2018-06-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Movement Ecology |
| spelling | doaj.art-9636ae0fb54c4dd787a3736b8fdfd8cd2022-12-21T18:56:39ZengBMCMovement Ecology2051-39332018-06-016111510.1186/s40462-018-0127-3Activity seascapes highlight central place foraging strategies in marine predators that never stop swimmingYannis P. Papastamatiou0Yuuki Y. Watanabe1Urška Demšar2Vianey Leos-Barajas3Darcy Bradley4Roland Langrock5Kevin Weng6Christopher G. Lowe7Alan M. Friedlander8Jennifer E. Caselle9Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International UniversityNational Institute of Polar ResearchSchool of Geography and Sustainable Development, University of St AndrewsDepartment of Statistics, Iowa State UniversityBren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California Santa BarbaraDepartment of Business Administration and Economics, Bielefeld UniversityDepartment of Fisheries Science, Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William & MaryDepartment of Biological Sciences, California State University Long BeachDepartment of Biology, University of Hawaii at ManoaMarine Science Institute, University California Santa BarbaraAbstract Background Central place foragers (CPF) rest within a central place, and theory predicts that distance of patches from this central place sets the outer limits of the foraging arena. Many marine ectothermic predators behave like CPF animals, but never stop swimming, suggesting that predators will incur ‘travelling’ costs while resting. Currently, it is unknown how these CPF predators behave or how modulation of behavior contributes to daily energy budgets. We combine acoustic telemetry, multi-sensor loggers, and hidden Markov models (HMMs) to generate ‘activity seascapes’, which combine space use with patterns of activity, for reef sharks (blacktip reef and grey reef sharks) at an unfished Pacific atoll. Results Sharks of both species occupied a central place during the day within deeper, cooler water where they were less active, and became more active over a larger area at night in shallower water. However, video cameras on two grey reef sharks revealed foraging attempts/success occurring throughout the day, and that multiple sharks were refuging in common areas. A simple bioenergetics model for grey reef sharks predicted that diel changes in energy expenditure are primarily driven by changes in swim speed and not body temperature. Conclusions We provide a new method for simultaneously visualizing diel space use and behavior in marine predators, which does not require the simultaneous measure of both from each animal. We show that blacktip and grey reef sharks behave as CPFs, with diel changes in activity, horizontal and vertical space use. However, aspects of their foraging behavior may differ from other predictions of traditional CPF models. In particular, for species that never stop swimming, patch foraging times may be unrelated to patch travel distance.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40462-018-0127-3SharksAccelerationHidden Markov modelsCoral reefsForagingTelemetry |
| spellingShingle | Yannis P. Papastamatiou Yuuki Y. Watanabe Urška Demšar Vianey Leos-Barajas Darcy Bradley Roland Langrock Kevin Weng Christopher G. Lowe Alan M. Friedlander Jennifer E. Caselle Activity seascapes highlight central place foraging strategies in marine predators that never stop swimming Movement Ecology Sharks Acceleration Hidden Markov models Coral reefs Foraging Telemetry |
| title | Activity seascapes highlight central place foraging strategies in marine predators that never stop swimming |
| title_full | Activity seascapes highlight central place foraging strategies in marine predators that never stop swimming |
| title_fullStr | Activity seascapes highlight central place foraging strategies in marine predators that never stop swimming |
| title_full_unstemmed | Activity seascapes highlight central place foraging strategies in marine predators that never stop swimming |
| title_short | Activity seascapes highlight central place foraging strategies in marine predators that never stop swimming |
| title_sort | activity seascapes highlight central place foraging strategies in marine predators that never stop swimming |
| topic | Sharks Acceleration Hidden Markov models Coral reefs Foraging Telemetry |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40462-018-0127-3 |
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