Socio-biomedical predictors of child nutrition in India: an ecological analysis from a nationally representative Demographic and Health Survey, 2015–2016
Abstract Background Despite significant economic growth and development, undernutrition among children remains a major public health challenge for low- and middle-income countries in the twenty-first century. In Millennium Development Goals, India committed halving the prevalence of underweight chil...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2022-01-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-021-00273-8 |
| _version_ | 1818979407584296960 |
|---|---|
| author | Ranjan Kumar Prusty Mohan Bairwa Fahmina Anwar Vijay Kumar Mishra Kamalesh Kumar Patel Daya Krishan Mangal |
| author_facet | Ranjan Kumar Prusty Mohan Bairwa Fahmina Anwar Vijay Kumar Mishra Kamalesh Kumar Patel Daya Krishan Mangal |
| author_sort | Ranjan Kumar Prusty |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Despite significant economic growth and development, undernutrition among children remains a major public health challenge for low- and middle-income countries in the twenty-first century. In Millennium Development Goals, India committed halving the prevalence of underweight children by 2015. This study aimed to explain the geographical variation in child malnutrition level and understand the socio-biomedical predictors of child nutrition in India. Methods We used the data from India’s National Family Health Survey 2015–2016. The survey provided estimates of stunting, wasting, and underweight at the national, state, and district level to measure nutritional status of under-five children. Level of stunting, wasting and underweight at the district level are considered as outcome variables. We have used variance inflation factor to check the multicollinearity between potential predictors of nutrition. In this study, we performed spatial analysis using ArcGIS and multiple linear regression analysis using Stata version 15. Results Five states (Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand and Meghalaya) had very high prevalence of stunting (40% and above). High prevalence of wasting was documented in Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, and Karnataka (23 to 29%). Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Chhattisgarh had the highest proportion of underweight children in the country. We found that electricity and clean fuel use in the household, use of iodized salt, and level of exclusive breastfeeding had significantly negative influence on the stunting level in the districts. The use of iodized salt has similar effect on the wasting status of under-five children in the districts (b: − 0.27, p < 0.10). Further, underweight level had a negative association with clean fuel use for cooking (b: − 0.17, p < 0.01), use of iodized salt (b: − 0.36, p < 0.10), breastfeeding within one hour (b: − 0.18, p < 0.10), semisolid/solid food within 6–8 months (b: − 0.11, p < 0.05) and Gross Domestic Product of the districts (b: − 0.53, p < 0.10). Conclusion In the study, a variety of factors including electricity and clean fuel use in the household, use of iodized salt, level of exclusive breastfeeding, breastfeeding within one hour, semisolid/solid food within 6–8 months and Gross Domestic Product of the districts have a significant association with nutritional status of children. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T16:59:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-963f15581fdf44769d33360055c184dd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-1315 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T16:59:03Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj.art-963f15581fdf44769d33360055c184dd2022-12-21T19:32:37ZengBMCJournal of Health, Population and Nutrition2072-13152022-01-0141111410.1186/s41043-021-00273-8Socio-biomedical predictors of child nutrition in India: an ecological analysis from a nationally representative Demographic and Health Survey, 2015–2016Ranjan Kumar Prusty0Mohan Bairwa1Fahmina Anwar2Vijay Kumar Mishra3Kamalesh Kumar Patel4Daya Krishan Mangal5Biostatistics, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (ICMR-NIRRH)Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New DelhiMedical and Scientific Affairs, Nestle S.A.Public Health Foundation of IndiaCentre for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial CentreIIHMR UniversityAbstract Background Despite significant economic growth and development, undernutrition among children remains a major public health challenge for low- and middle-income countries in the twenty-first century. In Millennium Development Goals, India committed halving the prevalence of underweight children by 2015. This study aimed to explain the geographical variation in child malnutrition level and understand the socio-biomedical predictors of child nutrition in India. Methods We used the data from India’s National Family Health Survey 2015–2016. The survey provided estimates of stunting, wasting, and underweight at the national, state, and district level to measure nutritional status of under-five children. Level of stunting, wasting and underweight at the district level are considered as outcome variables. We have used variance inflation factor to check the multicollinearity between potential predictors of nutrition. In this study, we performed spatial analysis using ArcGIS and multiple linear regression analysis using Stata version 15. Results Five states (Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand and Meghalaya) had very high prevalence of stunting (40% and above). High prevalence of wasting was documented in Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, and Karnataka (23 to 29%). Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Chhattisgarh had the highest proportion of underweight children in the country. We found that electricity and clean fuel use in the household, use of iodized salt, and level of exclusive breastfeeding had significantly negative influence on the stunting level in the districts. The use of iodized salt has similar effect on the wasting status of under-five children in the districts (b: − 0.27, p < 0.10). Further, underweight level had a negative association with clean fuel use for cooking (b: − 0.17, p < 0.01), use of iodized salt (b: − 0.36, p < 0.10), breastfeeding within one hour (b: − 0.18, p < 0.10), semisolid/solid food within 6–8 months (b: − 0.11, p < 0.05) and Gross Domestic Product of the districts (b: − 0.53, p < 0.10). Conclusion In the study, a variety of factors including electricity and clean fuel use in the household, use of iodized salt, level of exclusive breastfeeding, breastfeeding within one hour, semisolid/solid food within 6–8 months and Gross Domestic Product of the districts have a significant association with nutritional status of children.https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-021-00273-8NutritionStuntingWastingUnderweightUnder-five childrenIndia |
| spellingShingle | Ranjan Kumar Prusty Mohan Bairwa Fahmina Anwar Vijay Kumar Mishra Kamalesh Kumar Patel Daya Krishan Mangal Socio-biomedical predictors of child nutrition in India: an ecological analysis from a nationally representative Demographic and Health Survey, 2015–2016 Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition Nutrition Stunting Wasting Underweight Under-five children India |
| title | Socio-biomedical predictors of child nutrition in India: an ecological analysis from a nationally representative Demographic and Health Survey, 2015–2016 |
| title_full | Socio-biomedical predictors of child nutrition in India: an ecological analysis from a nationally representative Demographic and Health Survey, 2015–2016 |
| title_fullStr | Socio-biomedical predictors of child nutrition in India: an ecological analysis from a nationally representative Demographic and Health Survey, 2015–2016 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Socio-biomedical predictors of child nutrition in India: an ecological analysis from a nationally representative Demographic and Health Survey, 2015–2016 |
| title_short | Socio-biomedical predictors of child nutrition in India: an ecological analysis from a nationally representative Demographic and Health Survey, 2015–2016 |
| title_sort | socio biomedical predictors of child nutrition in india an ecological analysis from a nationally representative demographic and health survey 2015 2016 |
| topic | Nutrition Stunting Wasting Underweight Under-five children India |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-021-00273-8 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ranjankumarprusty sociobiomedicalpredictorsofchildnutritioninindiaanecologicalanalysisfromanationallyrepresentativedemographicandhealthsurvey20152016 AT mohanbairwa sociobiomedicalpredictorsofchildnutritioninindiaanecologicalanalysisfromanationallyrepresentativedemographicandhealthsurvey20152016 AT fahminaanwar sociobiomedicalpredictorsofchildnutritioninindiaanecologicalanalysisfromanationallyrepresentativedemographicandhealthsurvey20152016 AT vijaykumarmishra sociobiomedicalpredictorsofchildnutritioninindiaanecologicalanalysisfromanationallyrepresentativedemographicandhealthsurvey20152016 AT kamaleshkumarpatel sociobiomedicalpredictorsofchildnutritioninindiaanecologicalanalysisfromanationallyrepresentativedemographicandhealthsurvey20152016 AT dayakrishanmangal sociobiomedicalpredictorsofchildnutritioninindiaanecologicalanalysisfromanationallyrepresentativedemographicandhealthsurvey20152016 |