Psychosis resulting from trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole treatment for preseptal cellulitis
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) is a commonly used antimicrobial agent because of its low cost, diverse antimicrobial profile, and minimal severe adverse effects. A rare side effect is psychosis, a complication that has not been published in the ophthalmology literature. A 53-year-old female...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Taiwan Journal of Ophthalmology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.e-tjo.org/article.asp?issn=2211-5056;year=2022;volume=12;issue=2;spage=223;epage=226;aulast=Iqbal |
| _version_ | 1811294636976635904 |
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| author | Kashif M Iqbal Priscilla K Luke Michael T Ingram |
| author_facet | Kashif M Iqbal Priscilla K Luke Michael T Ingram |
| author_sort | Kashif M Iqbal |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) is a commonly used antimicrobial agent because of its low cost, diverse antimicrobial profile, and minimal severe adverse effects. A rare side effect is psychosis, a complication that has not been published in the ophthalmology literature. A 53-year-old female presented to the ophthalmology office with left upper eyelid erythema, focal tenderness, and discharge. She was diagnosed with preseptal cellulitis of the left upper lid and started on TMP-SMX. The next day, the patient's condition improved with reduced swelling and no discharge. However, 2 days later, she experienced visual hallucinations whereby worms were growing out of her left eye accompanied by theme-congruent tactile hallucinations. TMP-SMX was discontinued and substituted for clindamycin, and she reported resolution of her symptoms 8 h later. TMP-SMX has extensive cerebrospinal fluid penetration and causes a folic acid deficiency, which may explain the rare occurrence of neuropsychiatric side effects. This patient had a substance-induced psychosis, in which visual and tactile hallucinations began 3 days after taking TMP-SMX and resolved 8 h after discontinuation, a timeline consistent with the literature. Central nervous system toxicity is rare in nonelderly immunocompetent patients, with only three such cases reported in the literature. While visual and auditory hallucinations have been described previously, this is the first reported case of TMP-SMX-induced tactile hallucinations and unilateral visual hallucinations. Moreover, because TMP-SMX is a first-line agent commonly used to treat orbital and preseptal cellulitis, it is important for ophthalmologists to be aware of this atypical side effect, as it can be life threatening. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T05:20:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9643db27553c4b89b4efc62d945edced |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2211-5056 2211-5072 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T05:20:24Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Taiwan Journal of Ophthalmology |
| spelling | doaj.art-9643db27553c4b89b4efc62d945edced2022-12-22T03:00:46ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsTaiwan Journal of Ophthalmology2211-50562211-50722022-01-0112222322610.4103/tjo.tjo_66_20Psychosis resulting from trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole treatment for preseptal cellulitisKashif M IqbalPriscilla K LukeMichael T IngramTrimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) is a commonly used antimicrobial agent because of its low cost, diverse antimicrobial profile, and minimal severe adverse effects. A rare side effect is psychosis, a complication that has not been published in the ophthalmology literature. A 53-year-old female presented to the ophthalmology office with left upper eyelid erythema, focal tenderness, and discharge. She was diagnosed with preseptal cellulitis of the left upper lid and started on TMP-SMX. The next day, the patient's condition improved with reduced swelling and no discharge. However, 2 days later, she experienced visual hallucinations whereby worms were growing out of her left eye accompanied by theme-congruent tactile hallucinations. TMP-SMX was discontinued and substituted for clindamycin, and she reported resolution of her symptoms 8 h later. TMP-SMX has extensive cerebrospinal fluid penetration and causes a folic acid deficiency, which may explain the rare occurrence of neuropsychiatric side effects. This patient had a substance-induced psychosis, in which visual and tactile hallucinations began 3 days after taking TMP-SMX and resolved 8 h after discontinuation, a timeline consistent with the literature. Central nervous system toxicity is rare in nonelderly immunocompetent patients, with only three such cases reported in the literature. While visual and auditory hallucinations have been described previously, this is the first reported case of TMP-SMX-induced tactile hallucinations and unilateral visual hallucinations. Moreover, because TMP-SMX is a first-line agent commonly used to treat orbital and preseptal cellulitis, it is important for ophthalmologists to be aware of this atypical side effect, as it can be life threatening.http://www.e-tjo.org/article.asp?issn=2211-5056;year=2022;volume=12;issue=2;spage=223;epage=226;aulast=Iqbalcellulitishallucinationspsychosistrimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole |
| spellingShingle | Kashif M Iqbal Priscilla K Luke Michael T Ingram Psychosis resulting from trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole treatment for preseptal cellulitis Taiwan Journal of Ophthalmology cellulitis hallucinations psychosis trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole |
| title | Psychosis resulting from trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole treatment for preseptal cellulitis |
| title_full | Psychosis resulting from trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole treatment for preseptal cellulitis |
| title_fullStr | Psychosis resulting from trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole treatment for preseptal cellulitis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Psychosis resulting from trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole treatment for preseptal cellulitis |
| title_short | Psychosis resulting from trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole treatment for preseptal cellulitis |
| title_sort | psychosis resulting from trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole treatment for preseptal cellulitis |
| topic | cellulitis hallucinations psychosis trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole |
| url | http://www.e-tjo.org/article.asp?issn=2211-5056;year=2022;volume=12;issue=2;spage=223;epage=226;aulast=Iqbal |
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