An analysis of the foot in turnout using a dance specific 3D multi-segment foot model
Abstract Introduction Recent three-dimensional (3D) kinematic research has revealed foot abduction is the strongest predictor of standing functional and forced turnout postures. However, it is still unknown how the internal foot joints enable a large degree of foot abduction in turnout. The primary...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2019-02-01
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| Series: | Journal of Foot and Ankle Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13047-019-0318-1 |
| _version_ | 1797225760294961152 |
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| author | Sarah L. Carter Alan R. Bryant Luke S. Hopper |
| author_facet | Sarah L. Carter Alan R. Bryant Luke S. Hopper |
| author_sort | Sarah L. Carter |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Introduction Recent three-dimensional (3D) kinematic research has revealed foot abduction is the strongest predictor of standing functional and forced turnout postures. However, it is still unknown how the internal foot joints enable a large degree of foot abduction in turnout. The primary purpose of this study was to use a dance specific multi-segment foot model to determine the lower leg and foot contributions to turnout that female university-level ballets use to accentuate their turnout. Methods Eighteen female dance students (mean age, 18.8 ± 1.6 years) volunteered for this study. Retro-reflective markers were attached to the dancers’ dominant foot. Each dancer performed three repetitions of functional turnout, forced turnout and ten consecutive sautés in first position. Repeated measures ANOVA with Bonferroni adjustments for the multiple comparisons were used to determine the kinematic adjustments, hindfoot eversion, midfoot and forefoot abduction, navicular drop (i.e. lowering of the medial longitudinal arch) and first metatarsophalangeal joint abduction between natural double leg up-right posture and the first position conditions. Results Hindfoot eversion (4.6°, p < 0.001) and midfoot abduction (2.8°, p < 0.001) significantly increased in functional turnout compared to the natural double leg up-right posture. Thirteen dancers demonstrated increased first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) abduction in forced turnout, however no statistically significant increase was found. Navicular drop during sautés in first position significantly increased by 11 mm (p < 0.001) compared to the natural double leg up-right posture. Conclusion Our findings suggest dancers do pronate, via hindfoot eversion and midfoot abduction in both functional and forced turnout, however, no immediate association was found between forced turnout and first MTPJ abduction. Foot pronation does play a role in achieving turnout. Further prospective research on in situ measures of the lower limb in turnout and injury surveillance is required to improve our understanding of the normal and abnormal dance biomechanics. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T07:56:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-964dd12e07ee4c28a511fa63dda109c1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1757-1146 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T14:14:08Z |
| publishDate | 2019-02-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Foot and Ankle Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-964dd12e07ee4c28a511fa63dda109c12024-04-03T08:57:21ZengWileyJournal of Foot and Ankle Research1757-11462019-02-0112111110.1186/s13047-019-0318-1An analysis of the foot in turnout using a dance specific 3D multi-segment foot modelSarah L. Carter0Alan R. Bryant1Luke S. Hopper2Podiatric Medicine and Surgery Division, School of Allied Health, The University of Western AustraliaPodiatric Medicine and Surgery Division, School of Allied Health, The University of Western AustraliaWestern Australian Academy of Performing Arts, Edith Cowan UniversityAbstract Introduction Recent three-dimensional (3D) kinematic research has revealed foot abduction is the strongest predictor of standing functional and forced turnout postures. However, it is still unknown how the internal foot joints enable a large degree of foot abduction in turnout. The primary purpose of this study was to use a dance specific multi-segment foot model to determine the lower leg and foot contributions to turnout that female university-level ballets use to accentuate their turnout. Methods Eighteen female dance students (mean age, 18.8 ± 1.6 years) volunteered for this study. Retro-reflective markers were attached to the dancers’ dominant foot. Each dancer performed three repetitions of functional turnout, forced turnout and ten consecutive sautés in first position. Repeated measures ANOVA with Bonferroni adjustments for the multiple comparisons were used to determine the kinematic adjustments, hindfoot eversion, midfoot and forefoot abduction, navicular drop (i.e. lowering of the medial longitudinal arch) and first metatarsophalangeal joint abduction between natural double leg up-right posture and the first position conditions. Results Hindfoot eversion (4.6°, p < 0.001) and midfoot abduction (2.8°, p < 0.001) significantly increased in functional turnout compared to the natural double leg up-right posture. Thirteen dancers demonstrated increased first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) abduction in forced turnout, however no statistically significant increase was found. Navicular drop during sautés in first position significantly increased by 11 mm (p < 0.001) compared to the natural double leg up-right posture. Conclusion Our findings suggest dancers do pronate, via hindfoot eversion and midfoot abduction in both functional and forced turnout, however, no immediate association was found between forced turnout and first MTPJ abduction. Foot pronation does play a role in achieving turnout. Further prospective research on in situ measures of the lower limb in turnout and injury surveillance is required to improve our understanding of the normal and abnormal dance biomechanics.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13047-019-0318-1BalletThree-dimensionalHallux valgusKinematicsSautés |
| spellingShingle | Sarah L. Carter Alan R. Bryant Luke S. Hopper An analysis of the foot in turnout using a dance specific 3D multi-segment foot model Journal of Foot and Ankle Research Ballet Three-dimensional Hallux valgus Kinematics Sautés |
| title | An analysis of the foot in turnout using a dance specific 3D multi-segment foot model |
| title_full | An analysis of the foot in turnout using a dance specific 3D multi-segment foot model |
| title_fullStr | An analysis of the foot in turnout using a dance specific 3D multi-segment foot model |
| title_full_unstemmed | An analysis of the foot in turnout using a dance specific 3D multi-segment foot model |
| title_short | An analysis of the foot in turnout using a dance specific 3D multi-segment foot model |
| title_sort | analysis of the foot in turnout using a dance specific 3d multi segment foot model |
| topic | Ballet Three-dimensional Hallux valgus Kinematics Sautés |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13047-019-0318-1 |
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