Soil Formation, Subaerial Sedimentation Processes and Ancient Cultures during MIS 2 and the Deglaciation Phase MIS 1 in the Baikal–Yenisei Siberia (Russia)
The time of Sartan glaciation in the Baikal–Yenisei Siberia, is comparable with that of MIS 2 and the deglaciation phase MIS 1. Loess loams, aeolian–colluvial sands and sandy loams represent subaerial sediments. There are four subhorizons (sr<sup>1</sup>, sr<sup>2</sup>, sr&l...
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2021-07-01
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| author | Galina Vorobieva Nadezhda Vashukevich Natalia Berdnikova Ivan Berdnikov Dmitry Zolotarev Svetlana Kuklina Ekaterina Lipnina |
| author_facet | Galina Vorobieva Nadezhda Vashukevich Natalia Berdnikova Ivan Berdnikov Dmitry Zolotarev Svetlana Kuklina Ekaterina Lipnina |
| author_sort | Galina Vorobieva |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The time of Sartan glaciation in the Baikal–Yenisei Siberia, is comparable with that of MIS 2 and the deglaciation phase MIS 1. Loess loams, aeolian–colluvial sands and sandy loams represent subaerial sediments. There are four subhorizons (sr<sup>1</sup>, sr<sup>2</sup>, sr<sup>3</sup> and sr<sup>4</sup>) in the Sartan horizon (sr). Sedimentary and soil-forming processes at different stratigraphic levels are considered. Differing soil formation types of cold periods are distinguished. Soils of the interstadial type with the A-C profile are represented only in the Early Sartan section of this paper. The soils of the pleniglacial type are discussed throughout the section. Their initial profile is O-C, TJ-C and W-C. Plant detritus remnants or poor thin humus horizons are preserved in places from the upper horizons. We propose for the first time for the interphasial soil formation type of cold stages to be distinguished. This is represented in the sections by the preserved BCm, BCg, Cm and Cg horizons of 15–20 cm thick. The upper horizons are absent in most sections. According to the surviving fragments, these were organogenous (O, TJ and T) and organomineral (AO and W) horizons. The sedimentation and soil formation features are considered from the perspective reconstruction of the Sartan natural and climatic conditions. Buried Sartan soils often contain cultural layers. Soil formation shows a well-defined periodicity of natural condition stabilization, which allowed ancient populations to adapt actively to various situations. Archaeologists’ interest in fossil soils is based on the ability of soils to “record” information about the natural and climatic conditions of human habitation. |
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| issn | 2076-3263 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:46:59Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Geosciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-965e4f02cfc24b6ba3b18a59ca9793dd2023-11-22T07:47:46ZengMDPI AGGeosciences2076-32632021-07-0111832310.3390/geosciences11080323Soil Formation, Subaerial Sedimentation Processes and Ancient Cultures during MIS 2 and the Deglaciation Phase MIS 1 in the Baikal–Yenisei Siberia (Russia)Galina Vorobieva0Nadezhda Vashukevich1Natalia Berdnikova2Ivan Berdnikov3Dmitry Zolotarev4Svetlana Kuklina5Ekaterina Lipnina6Laboratory of Geoarchaeology of Baikal Siberia, Scientific Research Center “Baikal Region”, Irkutsk State University, 664003 Irkutsk, RussiaDepartment of Chemistry, Soil Science and Agroecology, Ural State Agrarian University, 620075 Ekaterinburg, RussiaLaboratory of Geoarchaeology of Baikal Siberia, Scientific Research Center “Baikal Region”, Irkutsk State University, 664003 Irkutsk, RussiaLaboratory of Geoarchaeology of Baikal Siberia, Scientific Research Center “Baikal Region”, Irkutsk State University, 664003 Irkutsk, RussiaLaboratory of Geoarchaeology of Baikal Siberia, Scientific Research Center “Baikal Region”, Irkutsk State University, 664003 Irkutsk, RussiaDepartment of Soil Studies and Land Evaluation, Irkutsk State University, 664003 Irkutsk, RussiaLaboratory of Geoarchaeology of Baikal Siberia, Scientific Research Center “Baikal Region”, Irkutsk State University, 664003 Irkutsk, RussiaThe time of Sartan glaciation in the Baikal–Yenisei Siberia, is comparable with that of MIS 2 and the deglaciation phase MIS 1. Loess loams, aeolian–colluvial sands and sandy loams represent subaerial sediments. There are four subhorizons (sr<sup>1</sup>, sr<sup>2</sup>, sr<sup>3</sup> and sr<sup>4</sup>) in the Sartan horizon (sr). Sedimentary and soil-forming processes at different stratigraphic levels are considered. Differing soil formation types of cold periods are distinguished. Soils of the interstadial type with the A-C profile are represented only in the Early Sartan section of this paper. The soils of the pleniglacial type are discussed throughout the section. Their initial profile is O-C, TJ-C and W-C. Plant detritus remnants or poor thin humus horizons are preserved in places from the upper horizons. We propose for the first time for the interphasial soil formation type of cold stages to be distinguished. This is represented in the sections by the preserved BCm, BCg, Cm and Cg horizons of 15–20 cm thick. The upper horizons are absent in most sections. According to the surviving fragments, these were organogenous (O, TJ and T) and organomineral (AO and W) horizons. The sedimentation and soil formation features are considered from the perspective reconstruction of the Sartan natural and climatic conditions. Buried Sartan soils often contain cultural layers. Soil formation shows a well-defined periodicity of natural condition stabilization, which allowed ancient populations to adapt actively to various situations. Archaeologists’ interest in fossil soils is based on the ability of soils to “record” information about the natural and climatic conditions of human habitation.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3263/11/8/323Baikal–Yenisei SiberiaSartan glaciationstratigraphic unitssubaerial sedimentationsoil formation process in cold periodsgeoarchaeological sites |
| spellingShingle | Galina Vorobieva Nadezhda Vashukevich Natalia Berdnikova Ivan Berdnikov Dmitry Zolotarev Svetlana Kuklina Ekaterina Lipnina Soil Formation, Subaerial Sedimentation Processes and Ancient Cultures during MIS 2 and the Deglaciation Phase MIS 1 in the Baikal–Yenisei Siberia (Russia) Geosciences Baikal–Yenisei Siberia Sartan glaciation stratigraphic units subaerial sedimentation soil formation process in cold periods geoarchaeological sites |
| title | Soil Formation, Subaerial Sedimentation Processes and Ancient Cultures during MIS 2 and the Deglaciation Phase MIS 1 in the Baikal–Yenisei Siberia (Russia) |
| title_full | Soil Formation, Subaerial Sedimentation Processes and Ancient Cultures during MIS 2 and the Deglaciation Phase MIS 1 in the Baikal–Yenisei Siberia (Russia) |
| title_fullStr | Soil Formation, Subaerial Sedimentation Processes and Ancient Cultures during MIS 2 and the Deglaciation Phase MIS 1 in the Baikal–Yenisei Siberia (Russia) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Soil Formation, Subaerial Sedimentation Processes and Ancient Cultures during MIS 2 and the Deglaciation Phase MIS 1 in the Baikal–Yenisei Siberia (Russia) |
| title_short | Soil Formation, Subaerial Sedimentation Processes and Ancient Cultures during MIS 2 and the Deglaciation Phase MIS 1 in the Baikal–Yenisei Siberia (Russia) |
| title_sort | soil formation subaerial sedimentation processes and ancient cultures during mis 2 and the deglaciation phase mis 1 in the baikal yenisei siberia russia |
| topic | Baikal–Yenisei Siberia Sartan glaciation stratigraphic units subaerial sedimentation soil formation process in cold periods geoarchaeological sites |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3263/11/8/323 |
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