<i>Limonium tetragonum</i> Promotes Running Endurance in Mice through Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Oxidative Fiber Formation
The purpose of this study was to examine whether <i>Limonium tetragonum</i>, cultivated in a smart-farming system with LED lamps, could increase exercise capacity in mice. C57BL/6 male mice were orally administered vehicle or <i>Limonium tetragonum</i> water extract (LTE), ei...
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/19/3904 |
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| author | Yong Gyun Lee Mi-Young Song Hwangeui Cho Jong Sik Jin Byung-Hyun Park Eun Ju Bae |
| author_facet | Yong Gyun Lee Mi-Young Song Hwangeui Cho Jong Sik Jin Byung-Hyun Park Eun Ju Bae |
| author_sort | Yong Gyun Lee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The purpose of this study was to examine whether <i>Limonium tetragonum</i>, cultivated in a smart-farming system with LED lamps, could increase exercise capacity in mice. C57BL/6 male mice were orally administered vehicle or <i>Limonium tetragonum</i> water extract (LTE), either 30 or 100 mg/kg, and were subjected to moderate intensity treadmill exercise for 4 weeks. Running distance markedly increased in the LTE group (100 mg/kg) by 80 ± 4% compared to the vehicle group, which was accompanied by a higher proportion of oxidative fibers (6 ± 6% vs. 10 ± 4%). Mitochondrial DNA content and gene expressions related to mitochondrial biogenesis were significantly increased in LTE-supplemented gastrocnemius muscles. At the molecular level, the expression of PGC-1α, a master regulator of fast-to-slow fiber-type transition, was increased downstream of the PKA/CREB signaling pathway. LTE induction of the PKA/CREB signaling pathway was also observed in C2C12 cells, which was effectively suppressed by PKA inhibitors H89 and Rp-cAMP. Altogether, these findings indicate that LTE treatment enhanced endurance exercise capacity via an improvement in mitochondrial biosynthesis and the increases in the formation of oxidative slow-twitch fibers. Future study is warranted to validate the exercise-enhancing effect of LTE in the human. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:20:58Z |
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| id | doaj.art-9664d9ab6e9045fabb9aea956296eb2a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:20:58Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
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| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-9664d9ab6e9045fabb9aea956296eb2a2023-11-23T21:22:22ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432022-09-011419390410.3390/nu14193904<i>Limonium tetragonum</i> Promotes Running Endurance in Mice through Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Oxidative Fiber FormationYong Gyun Lee0Mi-Young Song1Hwangeui Cho2Jong Sik Jin3Byung-Hyun Park4Eun Ju Bae5School of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Jeonbuk, KoreaDepartment of Biochemistry and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54896, Jeonbuk, KoreaSchool of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Jeonbuk, KoreaDepartment of Oriental Medicine Resources, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Jeonbuk, KoreaDepartment of Biochemistry and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54896, Jeonbuk, KoreaSchool of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Jeonbuk, KoreaThe purpose of this study was to examine whether <i>Limonium tetragonum</i>, cultivated in a smart-farming system with LED lamps, could increase exercise capacity in mice. C57BL/6 male mice were orally administered vehicle or <i>Limonium tetragonum</i> water extract (LTE), either 30 or 100 mg/kg, and were subjected to moderate intensity treadmill exercise for 4 weeks. Running distance markedly increased in the LTE group (100 mg/kg) by 80 ± 4% compared to the vehicle group, which was accompanied by a higher proportion of oxidative fibers (6 ± 6% vs. 10 ± 4%). Mitochondrial DNA content and gene expressions related to mitochondrial biogenesis were significantly increased in LTE-supplemented gastrocnemius muscles. At the molecular level, the expression of PGC-1α, a master regulator of fast-to-slow fiber-type transition, was increased downstream of the PKA/CREB signaling pathway. LTE induction of the PKA/CREB signaling pathway was also observed in C2C12 cells, which was effectively suppressed by PKA inhibitors H89 and Rp-cAMP. Altogether, these findings indicate that LTE treatment enhanced endurance exercise capacity via an improvement in mitochondrial biosynthesis and the increases in the formation of oxidative slow-twitch fibers. Future study is warranted to validate the exercise-enhancing effect of LTE in the human.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/19/3904<i>Limonium tetragonum</i> water extractsmart-farming systemendurance exercisemitochondrial biogenesisslow myofiber formationexercise mimetic |
| spellingShingle | Yong Gyun Lee Mi-Young Song Hwangeui Cho Jong Sik Jin Byung-Hyun Park Eun Ju Bae <i>Limonium tetragonum</i> Promotes Running Endurance in Mice through Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Oxidative Fiber Formation Nutrients <i>Limonium tetragonum</i> water extract smart-farming system endurance exercise mitochondrial biogenesis slow myofiber formation exercise mimetic |
| title | <i>Limonium tetragonum</i> Promotes Running Endurance in Mice through Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Oxidative Fiber Formation |
| title_full | <i>Limonium tetragonum</i> Promotes Running Endurance in Mice through Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Oxidative Fiber Formation |
| title_fullStr | <i>Limonium tetragonum</i> Promotes Running Endurance in Mice through Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Oxidative Fiber Formation |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Limonium tetragonum</i> Promotes Running Endurance in Mice through Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Oxidative Fiber Formation |
| title_short | <i>Limonium tetragonum</i> Promotes Running Endurance in Mice through Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Oxidative Fiber Formation |
| title_sort | i limonium tetragonum i promotes running endurance in mice through mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative fiber formation |
| topic | <i>Limonium tetragonum</i> water extract smart-farming system endurance exercise mitochondrial biogenesis slow myofiber formation exercise mimetic |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/19/3904 |
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