In Vitro Reduction of Interleukin-8 Response to <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> by <i>Escherichia coli</i> Strains Isolated from the Same Polymicrobial Urines
Urinary tract infections are often polymicrobial and are mainly due to uropathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (UPEC). We previously demonstrated a link among clinical fluoroquinolone susceptible <i>E. coli</i> reducing in vitro urothelial interleukin-8 (CXCL8) induced by <i...
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MDPI AG
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/7/1501 |
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| author | Gabriella Piatti Laura De Ferrari Anna Maria Schito Anna Maria Riccio Susanna Penco Sebastiano Cassia Marco Bruzzone Marcello Ceppi |
| author_facet | Gabriella Piatti Laura De Ferrari Anna Maria Schito Anna Maria Riccio Susanna Penco Sebastiano Cassia Marco Bruzzone Marcello Ceppi |
| author_sort | Gabriella Piatti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Urinary tract infections are often polymicrobial and are mainly due to uropathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (UPEC). We previously demonstrated a link among clinical fluoroquinolone susceptible <i>E. coli</i> reducing in vitro urothelial interleukin-8 (CXCL8) induced by <i>E. coli</i> K-12, polymicrobial cystitis, and pyuria absence. Here, we evaluated whether fifteen clinical fluoroquinolone susceptible UPEC were able to reduce CXCL8 induced by <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> that had been isolated from the same mixed urines, other than CXCL8 induced by <i>E. coli</i> K-12. We also evaluated the connection between fluoroquinolone susceptibility and pathogenicity by evaluating the immune modulation of isogenic <i>gyrA</i>, a mutant UPEC resistant to ciprofloxacin. Using the 5637 bladder epithelial cell line, we observed that lower CXCL8 induced the most UPEC isolates than K-12 and the corresponding <i>E. faecalis</i>. During coinfections of UPEC/K-12 and UPEC/<i>E. faecalis</i>, we observed lower CXCL8 than during infections caused by K-12 and <i>E. faecalis</i> alone. UPEC strains showed host–pathogen and pathogen–pathogen interaction, which in part explained their persistence in the human urinary tract and coinfections, respectively. Mutant UPEC showed lower modulating activity with respect to the wildtypes, confirming the connection between acquired fluoroquinolone resistance and the decrease of innate microbial properties. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:31:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-96743227d86a4cefb192a5974d7e714c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:31:38Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
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| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-96743227d86a4cefb192a5974d7e714c2023-11-22T04:26:42ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072021-07-0197150110.3390/microorganisms9071501In Vitro Reduction of Interleukin-8 Response to <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> by <i>Escherichia coli</i> Strains Isolated from the Same Polymicrobial UrinesGabriella Piatti0Laura De Ferrari1Anna Maria Schito2Anna Maria Riccio3Susanna Penco4Sebastiano Cassia5Marco Bruzzone6Marcello Ceppi7Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genoa, 16132 Genova, ItalyDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genova, ItalyDepartment of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genoa, 16132 Genova, ItalyDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genova, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genova, ItalyDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genova, ItalyUnit of Clinical Epidemiology, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino-IRCCS per l’Oncologia, 16132 Genova, ItalyUnit of Clinical Epidemiology, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino-IRCCS per l’Oncologia, 16132 Genova, ItalyUrinary tract infections are often polymicrobial and are mainly due to uropathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (UPEC). We previously demonstrated a link among clinical fluoroquinolone susceptible <i>E. coli</i> reducing in vitro urothelial interleukin-8 (CXCL8) induced by <i>E. coli</i> K-12, polymicrobial cystitis, and pyuria absence. Here, we evaluated whether fifteen clinical fluoroquinolone susceptible UPEC were able to reduce CXCL8 induced by <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> that had been isolated from the same mixed urines, other than CXCL8 induced by <i>E. coli</i> K-12. We also evaluated the connection between fluoroquinolone susceptibility and pathogenicity by evaluating the immune modulation of isogenic <i>gyrA</i>, a mutant UPEC resistant to ciprofloxacin. Using the 5637 bladder epithelial cell line, we observed that lower CXCL8 induced the most UPEC isolates than K-12 and the corresponding <i>E. faecalis</i>. During coinfections of UPEC/K-12 and UPEC/<i>E. faecalis</i>, we observed lower CXCL8 than during infections caused by K-12 and <i>E. faecalis</i> alone. UPEC strains showed host–pathogen and pathogen–pathogen interaction, which in part explained their persistence in the human urinary tract and coinfections, respectively. Mutant UPEC showed lower modulating activity with respect to the wildtypes, confirming the connection between acquired fluoroquinolone resistance and the decrease of innate microbial properties.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/7/1501UTIurinary tract infectionmixed infectionsynergyCXCL8interleukin-8 |
| spellingShingle | Gabriella Piatti Laura De Ferrari Anna Maria Schito Anna Maria Riccio Susanna Penco Sebastiano Cassia Marco Bruzzone Marcello Ceppi In Vitro Reduction of Interleukin-8 Response to <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> by <i>Escherichia coli</i> Strains Isolated from the Same Polymicrobial Urines Microorganisms UTI urinary tract infection mixed infection synergy CXCL8 interleukin-8 |
| title | In Vitro Reduction of Interleukin-8 Response to <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> by <i>Escherichia coli</i> Strains Isolated from the Same Polymicrobial Urines |
| title_full | In Vitro Reduction of Interleukin-8 Response to <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> by <i>Escherichia coli</i> Strains Isolated from the Same Polymicrobial Urines |
| title_fullStr | In Vitro Reduction of Interleukin-8 Response to <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> by <i>Escherichia coli</i> Strains Isolated from the Same Polymicrobial Urines |
| title_full_unstemmed | In Vitro Reduction of Interleukin-8 Response to <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> by <i>Escherichia coli</i> Strains Isolated from the Same Polymicrobial Urines |
| title_short | In Vitro Reduction of Interleukin-8 Response to <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> by <i>Escherichia coli</i> Strains Isolated from the Same Polymicrobial Urines |
| title_sort | in vitro reduction of interleukin 8 response to i enterococcus faecalis i by i escherichia coli i strains isolated from the same polymicrobial urines |
| topic | UTI urinary tract infection mixed infection synergy CXCL8 interleukin-8 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/7/1501 |
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