Assessing Coagulation Parameters in Healthy Asian Elephants (<i>Elephas maximus</i>) from European and Thai Populations
The Asian elephant population is continuously declining due to several extrinsic reasons in their range countries, but also due to diseases in captive populations worldwide. One of these diseases, the elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus (EEHV) hemorrhagic disease, is very impactful because it part...
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/3/361 |
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| author | Sónia A. Jesus Anke Schmidt Jörns Fickel Marcus G. Doherr Khajohnpat Boonprasert Chatchote Thitaram Ladawan Sariya Parntep Ratanakron Thomas B. Hildebrandt |
| author_facet | Sónia A. Jesus Anke Schmidt Jörns Fickel Marcus G. Doherr Khajohnpat Boonprasert Chatchote Thitaram Ladawan Sariya Parntep Ratanakron Thomas B. Hildebrandt |
| author_sort | Sónia A. Jesus |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Asian elephant population is continuously declining due to several extrinsic reasons in their range countries, but also due to diseases in captive populations worldwide. One of these diseases, the elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus (EEHV) hemorrhagic disease, is very impactful because it particularly affects Asian elephant calves. It is commonly fatal and presents as an acute and generalized hemorrhagic syndrome. Therefore, having reference values of coagulation parameters, and obtaining such values for diseased animals in a very short time, is of great importance. We analyzed prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and fibrinogen concentrations using a portable and fast point-of-care analyzer (VetScan Pro) in 127 Asian elephants from Thai camps and European captive herds. We found significantly different PT and aPTT coagulation times between elephants from the two regions, as well as clear differences in fibrinogen concentration. Nevertheless, these alterations were not expected to have biological or clinical implications. We have also sequenced the coagulation factor VII gene of 141 animals to assess the presence of a previously reported hereditary coagulation disorder in Asian elephants and to investigate the presence of other mutations. We did not find the previously reported mutation in our study population. Instead, we discovered the presence of several new single nucleotide polymorphisms, two of them being considered as deleterious by effect prediction software. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:18:06Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:18:06Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-9674a2ad583443739a1673b7c24323142023-11-23T15:48:33ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152022-02-0112336110.3390/ani12030361Assessing Coagulation Parameters in Healthy Asian Elephants (<i>Elephas maximus</i>) from European and Thai PopulationsSónia A. Jesus0Anke Schmidt1Jörns Fickel2Marcus G. Doherr3Khajohnpat Boonprasert4Chatchote Thitaram5Ladawan Sariya6Parntep Ratanakron7Thomas B. Hildebrandt8Department of Reproduction Management, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, 10315 Berlin, GermanyDepartment of Evolutionary Genetics, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, 10315 Berlin, GermanyDepartment of Evolutionary Genetics, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, 10315 Berlin, GermanyInstitute for Veterinary Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Freie Universität, 14163 Berlin, GermanyCenter of Elephant and Wildlife Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, ThailandCenter of Elephant and Wildlife Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, ThailandThe Monitoring and Surveillance Center for Zoonotic Diseases in Wildlife and Exotic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, ThailandFaculty of Veterinary Science and Applied Zoology, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok 10210, ThailandDepartment of Reproduction Management, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, 10315 Berlin, GermanyThe Asian elephant population is continuously declining due to several extrinsic reasons in their range countries, but also due to diseases in captive populations worldwide. One of these diseases, the elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus (EEHV) hemorrhagic disease, is very impactful because it particularly affects Asian elephant calves. It is commonly fatal and presents as an acute and generalized hemorrhagic syndrome. Therefore, having reference values of coagulation parameters, and obtaining such values for diseased animals in a very short time, is of great importance. We analyzed prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and fibrinogen concentrations using a portable and fast point-of-care analyzer (VetScan Pro) in 127 Asian elephants from Thai camps and European captive herds. We found significantly different PT and aPTT coagulation times between elephants from the two regions, as well as clear differences in fibrinogen concentration. Nevertheless, these alterations were not expected to have biological or clinical implications. We have also sequenced the coagulation factor VII gene of 141 animals to assess the presence of a previously reported hereditary coagulation disorder in Asian elephants and to investigate the presence of other mutations. We did not find the previously reported mutation in our study population. Instead, we discovered the presence of several new single nucleotide polymorphisms, two of them being considered as deleterious by effect prediction software.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/3/361coagulationAsian elephantEEHVfactor VIIF7 geneprothrombin |
| spellingShingle | Sónia A. Jesus Anke Schmidt Jörns Fickel Marcus G. Doherr Khajohnpat Boonprasert Chatchote Thitaram Ladawan Sariya Parntep Ratanakron Thomas B. Hildebrandt Assessing Coagulation Parameters in Healthy Asian Elephants (<i>Elephas maximus</i>) from European and Thai Populations Animals coagulation Asian elephant EEHV factor VII F7 gene prothrombin |
| title | Assessing Coagulation Parameters in Healthy Asian Elephants (<i>Elephas maximus</i>) from European and Thai Populations |
| title_full | Assessing Coagulation Parameters in Healthy Asian Elephants (<i>Elephas maximus</i>) from European and Thai Populations |
| title_fullStr | Assessing Coagulation Parameters in Healthy Asian Elephants (<i>Elephas maximus</i>) from European and Thai Populations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessing Coagulation Parameters in Healthy Asian Elephants (<i>Elephas maximus</i>) from European and Thai Populations |
| title_short | Assessing Coagulation Parameters in Healthy Asian Elephants (<i>Elephas maximus</i>) from European and Thai Populations |
| title_sort | assessing coagulation parameters in healthy asian elephants i elephas maximus i from european and thai populations |
| topic | coagulation Asian elephant EEHV factor VII F7 gene prothrombin |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/3/361 |
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