Tracing Early Neurodevelopment in Schizophrenia with Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a devastating mental disorder that is characterized by distortions in thinking, perception, emotion, language, sense of self, and behavior. Epidemiological evidence suggests that subtle perturbations in early neurodevelopment increase later susceptibility for disease, which ty...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2018-09-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/7/9/140 |
| _version_ | 1797712070440910848 |
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| author | Ruhel Ahmad Vincenza Sportelli Michael Ziller Dietmar Spengler Anke Hoffmann |
| author_facet | Ruhel Ahmad Vincenza Sportelli Michael Ziller Dietmar Spengler Anke Hoffmann |
| author_sort | Ruhel Ahmad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a devastating mental disorder that is characterized by distortions in thinking, perception, emotion, language, sense of self, and behavior. Epidemiological evidence suggests that subtle perturbations in early neurodevelopment increase later susceptibility for disease, which typically manifests in adolescence to early adulthood. Early perturbations are thought to be significantly mediated through incompletely understood genetic risk factors. The advent of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology allows for the in vitro analysis of disease-relevant neuronal cell types from the early stages of human brain development. Since iPSCs capture each donor’s genotype, comparison between neuronal cells derived from healthy and diseased individuals can provide important insights into the molecular and cellular basis of SCZ. In this review, we discuss results from an increasing number of iPSC-based SCZ/control studies that highlight alterations in neuronal differentiation, maturation, and neurotransmission in addition to perturbed mitochondrial function and micro-RNA expression. In light of this remarkable progress, we consider also ongoing challenges from the field of iPSC-based disease modeling that call for further improvements on the generation and design of patient-specific iPSC studies to ultimately progress from basic studies on SCZ to tailored treatments. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T07:16:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9684b131696c47bbbb4d08208fb4b039 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T07:16:21Z |
| publishDate | 2018-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-9684b131696c47bbbb4d08208fb4b0392023-09-02T22:46:11ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092018-09-017914010.3390/cells7090140cells7090140Tracing Early Neurodevelopment in Schizophrenia with Induced Pluripotent Stem CellsRuhel Ahmad0Vincenza Sportelli1Michael Ziller2Dietmar Spengler3Anke Hoffmann4Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Translational Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, GermanyMax Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Translational Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, GermanyMax Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Translational Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, GermanyMax Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Translational Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, GermanyMax Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Translational Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, GermanySchizophrenia (SCZ) is a devastating mental disorder that is characterized by distortions in thinking, perception, emotion, language, sense of self, and behavior. Epidemiological evidence suggests that subtle perturbations in early neurodevelopment increase later susceptibility for disease, which typically manifests in adolescence to early adulthood. Early perturbations are thought to be significantly mediated through incompletely understood genetic risk factors. The advent of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology allows for the in vitro analysis of disease-relevant neuronal cell types from the early stages of human brain development. Since iPSCs capture each donor’s genotype, comparison between neuronal cells derived from healthy and diseased individuals can provide important insights into the molecular and cellular basis of SCZ. In this review, we discuss results from an increasing number of iPSC-based SCZ/control studies that highlight alterations in neuronal differentiation, maturation, and neurotransmission in addition to perturbed mitochondrial function and micro-RNA expression. In light of this remarkable progress, we consider also ongoing challenges from the field of iPSC-based disease modeling that call for further improvements on the generation and design of patient-specific iPSC studies to ultimately progress from basic studies on SCZ to tailored treatments.http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/7/9/140patient-specific iPSCsschizophreniaearly neurodevelopmentdifferentiationneurotransmissionmitochondriamicro-RNAneuroleptics |
| spellingShingle | Ruhel Ahmad Vincenza Sportelli Michael Ziller Dietmar Spengler Anke Hoffmann Tracing Early Neurodevelopment in Schizophrenia with Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Cells patient-specific iPSCs schizophrenia early neurodevelopment differentiation neurotransmission mitochondria micro-RNA neuroleptics |
| title | Tracing Early Neurodevelopment in Schizophrenia with Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells |
| title_full | Tracing Early Neurodevelopment in Schizophrenia with Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells |
| title_fullStr | Tracing Early Neurodevelopment in Schizophrenia with Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tracing Early Neurodevelopment in Schizophrenia with Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells |
| title_short | Tracing Early Neurodevelopment in Schizophrenia with Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells |
| title_sort | tracing early neurodevelopment in schizophrenia with induced pluripotent stem cells |
| topic | patient-specific iPSCs schizophrenia early neurodevelopment differentiation neurotransmission mitochondria micro-RNA neuroleptics |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/7/9/140 |
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