Biochars from Post-Production Biomass and Waste from Wood Management: Analysis of Carbonization Products
Waste biomass can be used as an alternative source of energy. However, such use requires prior treatment of the material. This paper describes the physicochemical characteristics of biochar obtained by the thermochemical decomposition of six types of agricultural waste biomass: residues from the pro...
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MDPI AG
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/21/4971 |
| _version_ | 1797548825482625024 |
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| author | Wojciech Kosakowski Malgorzata Anita Bryszewska Piotr Dziugan |
| author_facet | Wojciech Kosakowski Malgorzata Anita Bryszewska Piotr Dziugan |
| author_sort | Wojciech Kosakowski |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Waste biomass can be used as an alternative source of energy. However, such use requires prior treatment of the material. This paper describes the physicochemical characteristics of biochar obtained by the thermochemical decomposition of six types of agricultural waste biomass: residues from the production of flavored spirits (a pulp of lime, grapefruit and lemon), beetroot pulp, apple pomace, brewer’s spent grain, bark and municipal solid waste (bark, sawdust, off-cuts and wood chips). The biomass conversion process was studied under conditions of limited oxygen access in a reactor. The temperature was raised from 450 to 850 °C over 30 min, followed by a residence time of 60 min. The solid products were characterized in terms of their elemental compositions, mass, energy yield and ash content. The gaseous products from pyrolysis of the biomass were also analyzed and their compositions were characterized by GCMS (Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry). The carbonization process increased the carbon content by, on average, 1.7 times, from an average percentage of 46.09% ± 3.65% for biomass to an average percentage of 74.72% ± 5.36% for biochars. After carbonization, the biochars were found to have a net calorific value of between 27 and 32 MJ/kg, which is comparable or even higher than good-quality coal (eco pea coal 24–26 MJ/kg). The net calorific values show that the volatile products can also be considered as a valuable source of energy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:05:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-96a031e28cfc4b9db7afe6da5f62cb5c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:05:15Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-96a031e28cfc4b9db7afe6da5f62cb5c2023-11-20T19:49:45ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442020-11-011321497110.3390/ma13214971Biochars from Post-Production Biomass and Waste from Wood Management: Analysis of Carbonization ProductsWojciech Kosakowski0Malgorzata Anita Bryszewska1Piotr Dziugan2Polmos Żyrardów Sp. z o.o., ul. Mickiewicza 1-3, 96-300 Żyrardów, PolandInstitute of Natural Products and Cosmetics, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, ul. Stefanowskiego 4/10, 90-924 Lodz, PolandDepartment of Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-924 Lodz, PolandWaste biomass can be used as an alternative source of energy. However, such use requires prior treatment of the material. This paper describes the physicochemical characteristics of biochar obtained by the thermochemical decomposition of six types of agricultural waste biomass: residues from the production of flavored spirits (a pulp of lime, grapefruit and lemon), beetroot pulp, apple pomace, brewer’s spent grain, bark and municipal solid waste (bark, sawdust, off-cuts and wood chips). The biomass conversion process was studied under conditions of limited oxygen access in a reactor. The temperature was raised from 450 to 850 °C over 30 min, followed by a residence time of 60 min. The solid products were characterized in terms of their elemental compositions, mass, energy yield and ash content. The gaseous products from pyrolysis of the biomass were also analyzed and their compositions were characterized by GCMS (Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry). The carbonization process increased the carbon content by, on average, 1.7 times, from an average percentage of 46.09% ± 3.65% for biomass to an average percentage of 74.72% ± 5.36% for biochars. After carbonization, the biochars were found to have a net calorific value of between 27 and 32 MJ/kg, which is comparable or even higher than good-quality coal (eco pea coal 24–26 MJ/kg). The net calorific values show that the volatile products can also be considered as a valuable source of energy.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/21/4971pyrolysisbiocharsagricultural wastebiomass |
| spellingShingle | Wojciech Kosakowski Malgorzata Anita Bryszewska Piotr Dziugan Biochars from Post-Production Biomass and Waste from Wood Management: Analysis of Carbonization Products Materials pyrolysis biochars agricultural waste biomass |
| title | Biochars from Post-Production Biomass and Waste from Wood Management: Analysis of Carbonization Products |
| title_full | Biochars from Post-Production Biomass and Waste from Wood Management: Analysis of Carbonization Products |
| title_fullStr | Biochars from Post-Production Biomass and Waste from Wood Management: Analysis of Carbonization Products |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biochars from Post-Production Biomass and Waste from Wood Management: Analysis of Carbonization Products |
| title_short | Biochars from Post-Production Biomass and Waste from Wood Management: Analysis of Carbonization Products |
| title_sort | biochars from post production biomass and waste from wood management analysis of carbonization products |
| topic | pyrolysis biochars agricultural waste biomass |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/21/4971 |
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