Techno-Economic Assessment of Residential Heat Pump Integrated with Thermal Energy Storage
Phase change material (PCM)-based thermal energy storage (TES) can provide energy and cost savings and peak demand reduction benefits for grid-interactive residential buildings. Researchers established that these benefits vary greatly depending on the PCM phase change temperature (PCT), total TES st...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/10/4087 |
| _version_ | 1797600250576240640 |
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| author | Sara Sultan Jason Hirschey Navin Kumar Borui Cui Xiaobing Liu Tim J. LaClair Kyle R. Gluesenkamp |
| author_facet | Sara Sultan Jason Hirschey Navin Kumar Borui Cui Xiaobing Liu Tim J. LaClair Kyle R. Gluesenkamp |
| author_sort | Sara Sultan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Phase change material (PCM)-based thermal energy storage (TES) can provide energy and cost savings and peak demand reduction benefits for grid-interactive residential buildings. Researchers established that these benefits vary greatly depending on the PCM phase change temperature (PCT), total TES storage capacity, system configuration and location and climate of the building. In this study, preliminary techno-economic performance is reported for a novel heat pump (HP)-integrated TES system using an idealized approach. A simplified HP-TES was modeled for 1 year of space heating and cooling loads for a residential building in three different climates in the United States. The vapor compression system of the HP was modified to integrate with TES, and all heat transfer to and from the TES was mediated by the HP. A single PCM was used for heating and cooling, and the PCT and TES capacity were varied to observe their effects on the building’s energy consumption, peak load shifting and cost savings. The maximum reduction in electric consumption, utility cost and peak electric demand were achieved at a PCT of 30 °C for New York City and 20 °C for Houston and Birmingham. Peak energy consumption in Houston, New York City, and Birmingham was reduced by 47%, 53%, and 70%, respectively, by shifting peak load using a time-of-use utility schedule. TES with 170 MJ storage capacity allowed for maximum demand shift from on-peak to off-peak hours, with diminishing returns once the TES capacity equaled the daily building thermal loads experienced during the most extreme ambient conditions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:46:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-96ae8552599d4dd4b6226197f628488b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:46:54Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-96ae8552599d4dd4b6226197f628488b2023-11-18T01:12:42ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732023-05-011610408710.3390/en16104087Techno-Economic Assessment of Residential Heat Pump Integrated with Thermal Energy StorageSara Sultan0Jason Hirschey1Navin Kumar2Borui Cui3Xiaobing Liu4Tim J. LaClair5Kyle R. Gluesenkamp6The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USAGeorge W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USAOak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USAOak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USAOak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USAOak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USAOak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USAPhase change material (PCM)-based thermal energy storage (TES) can provide energy and cost savings and peak demand reduction benefits for grid-interactive residential buildings. Researchers established that these benefits vary greatly depending on the PCM phase change temperature (PCT), total TES storage capacity, system configuration and location and climate of the building. In this study, preliminary techno-economic performance is reported for a novel heat pump (HP)-integrated TES system using an idealized approach. A simplified HP-TES was modeled for 1 year of space heating and cooling loads for a residential building in three different climates in the United States. The vapor compression system of the HP was modified to integrate with TES, and all heat transfer to and from the TES was mediated by the HP. A single PCM was used for heating and cooling, and the PCT and TES capacity were varied to observe their effects on the building’s energy consumption, peak load shifting and cost savings. The maximum reduction in electric consumption, utility cost and peak electric demand were achieved at a PCT of 30 °C for New York City and 20 °C for Houston and Birmingham. Peak energy consumption in Houston, New York City, and Birmingham was reduced by 47%, 53%, and 70%, respectively, by shifting peak load using a time-of-use utility schedule. TES with 170 MJ storage capacity allowed for maximum demand shift from on-peak to off-peak hours, with diminishing returns once the TES capacity equaled the daily building thermal loads experienced during the most extreme ambient conditions.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/10/4087thermal energy storageheat pumpsphase change materialpeak demandphase change temperaturestorage capacity |
| spellingShingle | Sara Sultan Jason Hirschey Navin Kumar Borui Cui Xiaobing Liu Tim J. LaClair Kyle R. Gluesenkamp Techno-Economic Assessment of Residential Heat Pump Integrated with Thermal Energy Storage Energies thermal energy storage heat pumps phase change material peak demand phase change temperature storage capacity |
| title | Techno-Economic Assessment of Residential Heat Pump Integrated with Thermal Energy Storage |
| title_full | Techno-Economic Assessment of Residential Heat Pump Integrated with Thermal Energy Storage |
| title_fullStr | Techno-Economic Assessment of Residential Heat Pump Integrated with Thermal Energy Storage |
| title_full_unstemmed | Techno-Economic Assessment of Residential Heat Pump Integrated with Thermal Energy Storage |
| title_short | Techno-Economic Assessment of Residential Heat Pump Integrated with Thermal Energy Storage |
| title_sort | techno economic assessment of residential heat pump integrated with thermal energy storage |
| topic | thermal energy storage heat pumps phase change material peak demand phase change temperature storage capacity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/10/4087 |
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