Efficacy of Entomopathogenic <i>Trichoderma</i> Isolates against Sugarcane Woolly Aphid, <i>Ceratovacuna lanigera</i> Zehntner (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
<i>Ceratovacuna lanigera</i> Zehntner (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a destructive insect pest of sugarcane that is responsible for reducing the quality, yield, and sugar content. Ecofriendly methods of pest control, such as the use of biological control, is encouraged since it does not exhib...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Horticulturae |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/8/1/2 |
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| author | Md. Shafiqul Islam Vijay Kumar Subbiah Shafiquzzaman Siddiquee |
| author_facet | Md. Shafiqul Islam Vijay Kumar Subbiah Shafiquzzaman Siddiquee |
| author_sort | Md. Shafiqul Islam |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Ceratovacuna lanigera</i> Zehntner (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a destructive insect pest of sugarcane that is responsible for reducing the quality, yield, and sugar content. Ecofriendly methods of pest control, such as the use of biological control, is encouraged since it does not exhibit the harmful effects that are usually seen when using chemical-based pesticides. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of several entomopathogenic fungi isolates against <i>C</i>. <i>lanigera</i> under laboratory conditions. A total of seven isolates were obtained from agricultural soils that were collected from various locations from Sabah, Malaysia, using the insect bait method. Among the seven, four isolates (TMS114, TMS623, TMS628, and TMS707) were positively identified as <i>T. harzianum</i> (Hypocreales: Hypocreaceae), two isolates (TMS45, TMS321) as <i>T. asperellum</i> (Hypocreales: Hypocreaceae), and one isolate (TMS633) as <i>T. hamatum</i> (Hypocreales: Hypocreaceae) based on a combination of morphological characteristics and molecular data using ITS 1-5.8 S-ITS 2 regions of the rDNA. Four different concentrations (1 × 10<sup>5</sup>, 1 × 10<sup>6</sup>, 1 × 10<sup>7</sup>, and 1 × 10<sup>8</sup> mL<sup>−1</sup>) of conidia suspensions of the isolates were applied separately on nymphs and adults of <i>C. lanigera.</i> The results showed that mortality in both nymphs and adults was dependent on the conidia concentration and exposure time. Among the four concentrations, the highest mortality of <i>C</i>. <i>lanigera</i> was found to range from 59.99 to 75.70% for nymphs after 72 h and from 57.45 to 72.31% for adults after 6 days of treatments at the concentration of 1 × 10<sup>8</sup> conidia mL<sup>−1</sup>. <i>Trichoderma</i><i>harzianum</i> (TMS623) showed significantly highest mortality of 75.70% for nymphs and 72.31% for adults among the seven isolates. . However, the nymph and adult mortality rates for the isolates were 70.00% & 68.00% for TMS114, 66.42% & 63.10% for TMS628, 67.85% & 65.24% for TMS707, 61.42% & 58.80% for TMS45, 59.99% & 57.45% for TMS321 and 63.56% & 60.91% for TMS633, respectively. For nymph mortality, <i>T. harzianum</i> (TMS623) showed a LC<sub>50</sub> (lethal concentration) value of 6.30 × 10<sup>5</sup> conidia mL<sup>−1</sup> and LC<sub>90</sub> value of 3.01 × 10<sup>9</sup> conidia mL<sup>−1</sup>, respectively, and for adult mortality, the values were found of 6.16 × 10<sup>5</sup> conidia mL<sup>−1</sup> for LC<sub>50</sub> and 2.23 × 10<sup>10</sup> conidia mL<sup>−1</sup> for LC<sub>90</sub>, respectively. The lethal time (LT) values for nymph and adult mortality were found of 42.65 h and 3.89 days for LT<sub>50</sub> and 93.32 h and 8.70 days for LT<sub>90</sub> by <i>T. harzianum</i> (TMS623). Therefore, <i>T. harzianum</i> (TMS623) showed more pathogenic potential against <i>C. lanigera</i> and can be further applied to determine its efficacy under field conditions. To our best knowledge, this is the first report of <i>T.</i><i>harzianum,</i><i>T.</i><i>hamatum</i>, and <i>T.</i><i>asperellum</i> species that are used as entomopathogenic fungi against sugarcane woolly aphid, <i>C. lanigera</i>. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:23:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-96b3dc14a1614aabb3b17aa634afae65 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2311-7524 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:23:08Z |
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| series | Horticulturae |
| spelling | doaj.art-96b3dc14a1614aabb3b17aa634afae652023-11-23T13:57:01ZengMDPI AGHorticulturae2311-75242021-12-0181210.3390/horticulturae8010002Efficacy of Entomopathogenic <i>Trichoderma</i> Isolates against Sugarcane Woolly Aphid, <i>Ceratovacuna lanigera</i> Zehntner (Hemiptera: Aphididae)Md. Shafiqul Islam0Vijay Kumar Subbiah1Shafiquzzaman Siddiquee2Biotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu 88400, MalaysiaBiotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu 88400, MalaysiaBiotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Malaysia<i>Ceratovacuna lanigera</i> Zehntner (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a destructive insect pest of sugarcane that is responsible for reducing the quality, yield, and sugar content. Ecofriendly methods of pest control, such as the use of biological control, is encouraged since it does not exhibit the harmful effects that are usually seen when using chemical-based pesticides. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of several entomopathogenic fungi isolates against <i>C</i>. <i>lanigera</i> under laboratory conditions. A total of seven isolates were obtained from agricultural soils that were collected from various locations from Sabah, Malaysia, using the insect bait method. Among the seven, four isolates (TMS114, TMS623, TMS628, and TMS707) were positively identified as <i>T. harzianum</i> (Hypocreales: Hypocreaceae), two isolates (TMS45, TMS321) as <i>T. asperellum</i> (Hypocreales: Hypocreaceae), and one isolate (TMS633) as <i>T. hamatum</i> (Hypocreales: Hypocreaceae) based on a combination of morphological characteristics and molecular data using ITS 1-5.8 S-ITS 2 regions of the rDNA. Four different concentrations (1 × 10<sup>5</sup>, 1 × 10<sup>6</sup>, 1 × 10<sup>7</sup>, and 1 × 10<sup>8</sup> mL<sup>−1</sup>) of conidia suspensions of the isolates were applied separately on nymphs and adults of <i>C. lanigera.</i> The results showed that mortality in both nymphs and adults was dependent on the conidia concentration and exposure time. Among the four concentrations, the highest mortality of <i>C</i>. <i>lanigera</i> was found to range from 59.99 to 75.70% for nymphs after 72 h and from 57.45 to 72.31% for adults after 6 days of treatments at the concentration of 1 × 10<sup>8</sup> conidia mL<sup>−1</sup>. <i>Trichoderma</i><i>harzianum</i> (TMS623) showed significantly highest mortality of 75.70% for nymphs and 72.31% for adults among the seven isolates. . However, the nymph and adult mortality rates for the isolates were 70.00% & 68.00% for TMS114, 66.42% & 63.10% for TMS628, 67.85% & 65.24% for TMS707, 61.42% & 58.80% for TMS45, 59.99% & 57.45% for TMS321 and 63.56% & 60.91% for TMS633, respectively. For nymph mortality, <i>T. harzianum</i> (TMS623) showed a LC<sub>50</sub> (lethal concentration) value of 6.30 × 10<sup>5</sup> conidia mL<sup>−1</sup> and LC<sub>90</sub> value of 3.01 × 10<sup>9</sup> conidia mL<sup>−1</sup>, respectively, and for adult mortality, the values were found of 6.16 × 10<sup>5</sup> conidia mL<sup>−1</sup> for LC<sub>50</sub> and 2.23 × 10<sup>10</sup> conidia mL<sup>−1</sup> for LC<sub>90</sub>, respectively. The lethal time (LT) values for nymph and adult mortality were found of 42.65 h and 3.89 days for LT<sub>50</sub> and 93.32 h and 8.70 days for LT<sub>90</sub> by <i>T. harzianum</i> (TMS623). Therefore, <i>T. harzianum</i> (TMS623) showed more pathogenic potential against <i>C. lanigera</i> and can be further applied to determine its efficacy under field conditions. To our best knowledge, this is the first report of <i>T.</i><i>harzianum,</i><i>T.</i><i>hamatum</i>, and <i>T.</i><i>asperellum</i> species that are used as entomopathogenic fungi against sugarcane woolly aphid, <i>C. lanigera</i>.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/8/1/2biocontrolinsect bait methodmortalitygenus <i>Trichoderma</i>insect pest control |
| spellingShingle | Md. Shafiqul Islam Vijay Kumar Subbiah Shafiquzzaman Siddiquee Efficacy of Entomopathogenic <i>Trichoderma</i> Isolates against Sugarcane Woolly Aphid, <i>Ceratovacuna lanigera</i> Zehntner (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Horticulturae biocontrol insect bait method mortality genus <i>Trichoderma</i> insect pest control |
| title | Efficacy of Entomopathogenic <i>Trichoderma</i> Isolates against Sugarcane Woolly Aphid, <i>Ceratovacuna lanigera</i> Zehntner (Hemiptera: Aphididae) |
| title_full | Efficacy of Entomopathogenic <i>Trichoderma</i> Isolates against Sugarcane Woolly Aphid, <i>Ceratovacuna lanigera</i> Zehntner (Hemiptera: Aphididae) |
| title_fullStr | Efficacy of Entomopathogenic <i>Trichoderma</i> Isolates against Sugarcane Woolly Aphid, <i>Ceratovacuna lanigera</i> Zehntner (Hemiptera: Aphididae) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Efficacy of Entomopathogenic <i>Trichoderma</i> Isolates against Sugarcane Woolly Aphid, <i>Ceratovacuna lanigera</i> Zehntner (Hemiptera: Aphididae) |
| title_short | Efficacy of Entomopathogenic <i>Trichoderma</i> Isolates against Sugarcane Woolly Aphid, <i>Ceratovacuna lanigera</i> Zehntner (Hemiptera: Aphididae) |
| title_sort | efficacy of entomopathogenic i trichoderma i isolates against sugarcane woolly aphid i ceratovacuna lanigera i zehntner hemiptera aphididae |
| topic | biocontrol insect bait method mortality genus <i>Trichoderma</i> insect pest control |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/8/1/2 |
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