Thymic hyperplasia as a rare etiology of pure red cell aplasia: A case report
Introduction. Thymic hyperplasia is a rare condition caused by an increase in cellular thymic mass and, in some cases, is associated with autoimmune diseases, such as pure red cell aplasia (PRCA). Thymectomy is considered the most effective therapy for PRCA associated with thymoma, with a 31.5% comp...
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| Format: | Article |
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Military Health Department, Ministry of Defance, Serbia
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Vojnosanitetski Pregled |
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| Online Access: | https://doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0042-8450/2024/0042-84502300045A.pdf |
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| author | Arsenović Isidora Leković Danijela Šefer Dijana Pavlović Miroslav Ivanović Jelena Smiljanić Mihailo Bogdanović Andrija |
| author_facet | Arsenović Isidora Leković Danijela Šefer Dijana Pavlović Miroslav Ivanović Jelena Smiljanić Mihailo Bogdanović Andrija |
| author_sort | Arsenović Isidora |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction. Thymic hyperplasia is a rare condition caused by an increase in cellular thymic mass and, in some cases, is associated with autoimmune diseases, such as pure red cell aplasia (PRCA). Thymectomy is considered the most effective therapy for PRCA associated with thymoma, with a 31.5% complete remission rate. Other treatments may induce partial remissions, but complete remission re-mains elusive. A case of PRCA attributed to thymic hyperplasia is presented, highlighting the effectiveness of thymectomy. Case report. A previously healthy 18-year-old woman presented with severe anemia and after hematological evaluation, including bone marrow biopsy confirmation, a diagnosis of PRCA was made. Immunological and virological analyses were unremarkable. Given the history of thymoma in the family and the known association between thymoma and PRCA, a chest magnetic resonance imaging was performed, which proved the existence of thymic hyperplasia. The patient underwent the least invasive surgical procedure – total thymectomy using video-assisted thoracic surgery approach. Pathohistological examination of the operative material confirmed the presence of thymic hyperplasia with a simple intrathymic cyst. Following thymectomy, the patient’s hematological values significantly improved. Conclusion. The course and outcome of the patient’s treatment support the role of thymectomy in PRCA associated with thymic hyperplasia. However, further re-search and follow-up are needed to optimize management strategies for this rare condition. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T11:30:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-96b4f60db86d40cb8d0038cb31122a36 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0042-8450 2406-0720 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T11:30:03Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Military Health Department, Ministry of Defance, Serbia |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vojnosanitetski Pregled |
| spelling | doaj.art-96b4f60db86d40cb8d0038cb31122a362024-04-10T10:28:43ZengMilitary Health Department, Ministry of Defance, SerbiaVojnosanitetski Pregled0042-84502406-07202024-01-01811566010.2298/VSP230803045A0042-84502300045AThymic hyperplasia as a rare etiology of pure red cell aplasia: A case reportArsenović Isidora0Leković Danijela1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6194-8298Šefer Dijana2Pavlović Miroslav3Ivanović Jelena4Smiljanić Mihailo5Bogdanović Andrija6https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8288-7308University Clinical Center of Serbia, Clinic of Hematology, Belgrade, SerbiaUniversity Clinical Center of Serbia, Clinic of Hematology, Belgrade, Serbia + University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Belgrade, SerbiaUniversity Clinical Center of Serbia, Clinic of Hematology, Belgrade, SerbiaUniversity Clinical Center of Serbia, Clinic of Hematology, Belgrade, SerbiaUniversity Clinical Center of Serbia, Clinic of Hematology, Belgrade, SerbiaUniversity Clinical Center of Serbia, Clinic of Hematology, Belgrade, SerbiaUniversity Clinical Center of Serbia, Clinic of Hematology, Belgrade, Serbia + University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Belgrade, SerbiaIntroduction. Thymic hyperplasia is a rare condition caused by an increase in cellular thymic mass and, in some cases, is associated with autoimmune diseases, such as pure red cell aplasia (PRCA). Thymectomy is considered the most effective therapy for PRCA associated with thymoma, with a 31.5% complete remission rate. Other treatments may induce partial remissions, but complete remission re-mains elusive. A case of PRCA attributed to thymic hyperplasia is presented, highlighting the effectiveness of thymectomy. Case report. A previously healthy 18-year-old woman presented with severe anemia and after hematological evaluation, including bone marrow biopsy confirmation, a diagnosis of PRCA was made. Immunological and virological analyses were unremarkable. Given the history of thymoma in the family and the known association between thymoma and PRCA, a chest magnetic resonance imaging was performed, which proved the existence of thymic hyperplasia. The patient underwent the least invasive surgical procedure – total thymectomy using video-assisted thoracic surgery approach. Pathohistological examination of the operative material confirmed the presence of thymic hyperplasia with a simple intrathymic cyst. Following thymectomy, the patient’s hematological values significantly improved. Conclusion. The course and outcome of the patient’s treatment support the role of thymectomy in PRCA associated with thymic hyperplasia. However, further re-search and follow-up are needed to optimize management strategies for this rare condition.https://doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0042-8450/2024/0042-84502300045A.pdfanemiadiagnosishistological techniquesred-cell aplasia, purethoracic surgery, video-assistedthymomathymus hyperplasia |
| spellingShingle | Arsenović Isidora Leković Danijela Šefer Dijana Pavlović Miroslav Ivanović Jelena Smiljanić Mihailo Bogdanović Andrija Thymic hyperplasia as a rare etiology of pure red cell aplasia: A case report Vojnosanitetski Pregled anemia diagnosis histological techniques red-cell aplasia, pure thoracic surgery, video-assisted thymoma thymus hyperplasia |
| title | Thymic hyperplasia as a rare etiology of pure red cell aplasia: A case report |
| title_full | Thymic hyperplasia as a rare etiology of pure red cell aplasia: A case report |
| title_fullStr | Thymic hyperplasia as a rare etiology of pure red cell aplasia: A case report |
| title_full_unstemmed | Thymic hyperplasia as a rare etiology of pure red cell aplasia: A case report |
| title_short | Thymic hyperplasia as a rare etiology of pure red cell aplasia: A case report |
| title_sort | thymic hyperplasia as a rare etiology of pure red cell aplasia a case report |
| topic | anemia diagnosis histological techniques red-cell aplasia, pure thoracic surgery, video-assisted thymoma thymus hyperplasia |
| url | https://doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0042-8450/2024/0042-84502300045A.pdf |
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