Role of e-cigarettes and pharmacotherapy during attempts to quit cigarette smoking: The PATH Study 2013-16.

Role of e-cigarettes and pharmacotherapy during attempts to quit cigarette smoking: The PATH Study 2013-16.

<h4>Background</h4>More smokers report using e-cigarettes to help them quit than FDA-approved pharmacotherapy.<h4>Objective</h4>To assess the association of e-cigarettes with future abstinence from cigarette and tobacco use.<h4>Design</h4>Cohort study of US sample...

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Main Authors: John P Pierce, Tarik Benmarhnia, Ruifeng Chen, Martha White, David B Abrams, Bridget K Ambrose, Carlos Blanco, Nicolette Borek, Kelvin Choi, Blair Coleman, Wilson M Compton, K Michael Cummings, Cristine D Delnevo, Tara Elton-Marshall, Maciej L Goniewicz, Shannon Gravely, Geoffrey T Fong, Dorothy Hatsukami, James Henrie, Karin A Kasza, Sheila Kealey, Heather L Kimmel, Jean Limpert, Raymond S Niaura, Carolina Ramôa, Eva Sharma, Marushka L Silveira, Cassandra A Stanton, Michael B Steinberg, Ethel Taylor, Maansi Bansal-Travers, Dennis R Trinidad, Lisa D Gardner, Andrew Hyland, Samir Soneji, Karen Messer
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2020-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0237938
Description
Summary:<h4>Background</h4>More smokers report using e-cigarettes to help them quit than FDA-approved pharmacotherapy.<h4>Objective</h4>To assess the association of e-cigarettes with future abstinence from cigarette and tobacco use.<h4>Design</h4>Cohort study of US sample, with annual follow-up.<h4>Participants</h4>US adult (ages 18+) daily cigarette smokers identified at Wave 1 (W1; 2013-14) of the PATH Study, who reported a quit attempt before W2 and completed W3 (n = 2443).<h4>Exposures</h4>Use of e-cigarettes, pharmacotherapy (including nicotine replacement therapy), or no product for last quit attempt (LQA), and current daily e-cigarette use at W2.<h4>Analysis</h4>Propensity score matching (PSM) of groups using different methods to quit.<h4>Outcome measures</h4>12+ months abstinence at W3 from cigarettes and from all tobacco (including e-cigarettes). 30+ days abstinence at W3 was a secondary outcome.<h4>Results</h4>Among daily smokers with an LQA, 23.5% used e-cigarettes, 19.3% used pharmacotherapy only (including NRT) and 57.2% used no product. Cigarette abstinence for 12+ months at W3 was ~10% in each group. Half of the cigarette abstainers in the e-cigarette group were using e-cigarettes at W3. Different methods to help quitting had statistically comparable 12+ month cigarette abstinence at W3 (e-cigarettes vs no product: Risk Difference (RD) = 0.01, 95% CI: -0.04 to 0.06; e-cigarettes vs pharmacotherapy: RD = 0.02, 95% CI:-0.04 to 0.09). Likewise, daily e-cigarette users at W2 did not show a cessation benefit over comparable no-e-cigarette users and this finding was robust to sensitivity analyses. Abstinence for 30+ days at W3 was also similar across products.<h4>Limitations</h4>The frequency of e-cigarette use during the LQA was not assessed, nor was it possible to assess continuous abstinence from the LQA.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Among US daily smokers who quit cigarettes in 2014-15, use of e-cigarettes in that attempt compared to approved cessation aids or no products showed similar abstinence rates 1-2 years later.
ISSN:1932-6203

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