Mediterranean diet adherence is associated with lower dementia risk, independent of genetic predisposition: findings from the UK Biobank prospective cohort study
Abstract Background The identification of effective dementia prevention strategies is a major public health priority, due to the enormous and growing societal cost of this condition. Consumption of a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) has been proposed to reduce dementia risk. However, current evidence is...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-03-01
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| Series: | BMC Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-023-02772-3 |
| _version_ | 1797864507929788416 |
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| author | Oliver M. Shannon Janice M. Ranson Sarah Gregory Helen Macpherson Catherine Milte Marleen Lentjes Angela Mulligan Claire McEvoy Alex Griffiths Jamie Matu Tom R. Hill Ashley Adamson Mario Siervo Anne Marie Minihane Graciela Muniz-Tererra Craig Ritchie John C. Mathers David J. Llewellyn Emma Stevenson |
| author_facet | Oliver M. Shannon Janice M. Ranson Sarah Gregory Helen Macpherson Catherine Milte Marleen Lentjes Angela Mulligan Claire McEvoy Alex Griffiths Jamie Matu Tom R. Hill Ashley Adamson Mario Siervo Anne Marie Minihane Graciela Muniz-Tererra Craig Ritchie John C. Mathers David J. Llewellyn Emma Stevenson |
| author_sort | Oliver M. Shannon |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The identification of effective dementia prevention strategies is a major public health priority, due to the enormous and growing societal cost of this condition. Consumption of a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) has been proposed to reduce dementia risk. However, current evidence is inconclusive and is typically derived from small cohorts with limited dementia cases. Additionally, few studies have explored the interaction between diet and genetic risk of dementia. Methods We used Cox proportional hazard regression models to explore the associations between MedDiet adherence, defined using two different scores (Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener [MEDAS] continuous and Mediterranean diet Pyramid [PYRAMID] scores), and incident all-cause dementia risk in 60,298 participants from UK Biobank, followed for an average 9.1 years. The interaction between diet and polygenic risk for dementia was also tested. Results Higher MedDiet adherence was associated with lower dementia risk (MEDAS continuous: HR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.65–0.91; PYRAMID: HR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.73–1.02 for highest versus lowest tertiles). There was no significant interaction between MedDiet adherence defined by the MEDAS continuous and PYRAMID scores and polygenic risk for dementia. Conclusions Higher adherence to a MedDiet was associated with lower dementia risk, independent of genetic risk, underlining the importance of diet in dementia prevention interventions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T22:53:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-96c1094b5136427b9806be92b04997b7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1741-7015 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T22:53:02Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-96c1094b5136427b9806be92b04997b72023-03-22T11:32:53ZengBMCBMC Medicine1741-70152023-03-0121111310.1186/s12916-023-02772-3Mediterranean diet adherence is associated with lower dementia risk, independent of genetic predisposition: findings from the UK Biobank prospective cohort studyOliver M. Shannon0Janice M. Ranson1Sarah Gregory2Helen Macpherson3Catherine Milte4Marleen Lentjes5Angela Mulligan6Claire McEvoy7Alex Griffiths8Jamie Matu9Tom R. Hill10Ashley Adamson11Mario Siervo12Anne Marie Minihane13Graciela Muniz-Tererra14Craig Ritchie15John C. Mathers16David J. Llewellyn17Emma Stevenson18Human Nutrition & Exercise Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle UniversityCollege of Medicine and Health, University of ExeterEdinburgh Dementia Prevention, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of EdinburghInstitute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin UniversityInstitute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin UniversitySchool of Medical Sciences, Örebro UniversityNutrition Measurement Platform, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of CambridgeCentre for Public Health, The Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University BelfastSchool of Health, Leeds Beckett UniversitySchool of Health, Leeds Beckett UniversityHuman Nutrition & Exercise Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle UniversityHuman Nutrition & Exercise Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle UniversitySchool of Life Sciences, Queen’s Medical Centre, The University of Nottingham Medical SchoolNutrition and Preventive Medicine, Norwich Medical School, University of East AngliaEdinburgh Dementia Prevention, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of EdinburghEdinburgh Dementia Prevention, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of EdinburghHuman Nutrition & Exercise Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle UniversityCollege of Medicine and Health, University of ExeterHuman Nutrition & Exercise Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle UniversityAbstract Background The identification of effective dementia prevention strategies is a major public health priority, due to the enormous and growing societal cost of this condition. Consumption of a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) has been proposed to reduce dementia risk. However, current evidence is inconclusive and is typically derived from small cohorts with limited dementia cases. Additionally, few studies have explored the interaction between diet and genetic risk of dementia. Methods We used Cox proportional hazard regression models to explore the associations between MedDiet adherence, defined using two different scores (Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener [MEDAS] continuous and Mediterranean diet Pyramid [PYRAMID] scores), and incident all-cause dementia risk in 60,298 participants from UK Biobank, followed for an average 9.1 years. The interaction between diet and polygenic risk for dementia was also tested. Results Higher MedDiet adherence was associated with lower dementia risk (MEDAS continuous: HR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.65–0.91; PYRAMID: HR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.73–1.02 for highest versus lowest tertiles). There was no significant interaction between MedDiet adherence defined by the MEDAS continuous and PYRAMID scores and polygenic risk for dementia. Conclusions Higher adherence to a MedDiet was associated with lower dementia risk, independent of genetic risk, underlining the importance of diet in dementia prevention interventions.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-023-02772-3DementiaAlzheimer’sMediterranean dietGeneticsPolygenic riskRisk factors |
| spellingShingle | Oliver M. Shannon Janice M. Ranson Sarah Gregory Helen Macpherson Catherine Milte Marleen Lentjes Angela Mulligan Claire McEvoy Alex Griffiths Jamie Matu Tom R. Hill Ashley Adamson Mario Siervo Anne Marie Minihane Graciela Muniz-Tererra Craig Ritchie John C. Mathers David J. Llewellyn Emma Stevenson Mediterranean diet adherence is associated with lower dementia risk, independent of genetic predisposition: findings from the UK Biobank prospective cohort study BMC Medicine Dementia Alzheimer’s Mediterranean diet Genetics Polygenic risk Risk factors |
| title | Mediterranean diet adherence is associated with lower dementia risk, independent of genetic predisposition: findings from the UK Biobank prospective cohort study |
| title_full | Mediterranean diet adherence is associated with lower dementia risk, independent of genetic predisposition: findings from the UK Biobank prospective cohort study |
| title_fullStr | Mediterranean diet adherence is associated with lower dementia risk, independent of genetic predisposition: findings from the UK Biobank prospective cohort study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mediterranean diet adherence is associated with lower dementia risk, independent of genetic predisposition: findings from the UK Biobank prospective cohort study |
| title_short | Mediterranean diet adherence is associated with lower dementia risk, independent of genetic predisposition: findings from the UK Biobank prospective cohort study |
| title_sort | mediterranean diet adherence is associated with lower dementia risk independent of genetic predisposition findings from the uk biobank prospective cohort study |
| topic | Dementia Alzheimer’s Mediterranean diet Genetics Polygenic risk Risk factors |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-023-02772-3 |
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