IgG subclass responses to excreted-secreted antigens of Plasmodium falciparum in a low-transmission malaria area of the Peruvian Amazon
Abstract Background Malaria in Peru is concentrated in the Amazon region, especially in Loreto, and transmission is focused in rural and peri-urban communities. The government has approved a malaria elimination plan with a community approach and seeks to reduce the risk of transmission through preve...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2018-09-01
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| Series: | Malaria Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12936-018-2471-6 |
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| author | Rafael Saavedra-Langer Jorge Marapara Andree Valle-Campos Salomón Durand Maria E. Vásquez-Chasnamote Hermann Silva Viviana Pinedo-Cancino |
| author_facet | Rafael Saavedra-Langer Jorge Marapara Andree Valle-Campos Salomón Durand Maria E. Vásquez-Chasnamote Hermann Silva Viviana Pinedo-Cancino |
| author_sort | Rafael Saavedra-Langer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Malaria in Peru is concentrated in the Amazon region, especially in Loreto, and transmission is focused in rural and peri-urban communities. The government has approved a malaria elimination plan with a community approach and seeks to reduce the risk of transmission through preventive interventions, but asymptomatic and low-parasite-density infections are challenges for disease control and elimination. IgG antibodies play a critical role in combating infection through their ability to reduce parasitaemia and clinical symptoms. In particular, IgG subclasses have important roles in controlling malaria disease and may provide new insight into the development of malaria control strategies and understanding of malaria transmission. Through the use of excreted-secreted antigens from Plasmodium falciparum, were evaluated the responses of the four IgG subclasses in symptomatic and asymptomatic malarial infections. Results Higher levels of whole IgG were observed in asymptomatic carriers (P < 0.05). IgG3 and IgG1 were the most prevalent subclasses and did not show differences in their antibody levels in either type of carrier. All symptomatic carriers were positive for IgG4, and the presence of IgG3 and IgG2 were correlated with protection against parasitaemia. IgG2 showed lower prevalence and antibody titers in comparison to other subclasses. Conclusions This is the first study that characterizes the IgG subclass response in the Peruvian Amazon, and these results show that even in populations from regions with low malaria transmission, a certain degree of naturally acquired immunity can develop when the right antibody subclasses are produced. This provides important insight into the potential mechanisms regulating protective immunity. |
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-96f96bb3c82d4a469caade2024f5a45b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1475-2875 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T00:09:31Z |
| publishDate | 2018-09-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Malaria Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-96f96bb3c82d4a469caade2024f5a45b2022-12-22T00:45:00ZengBMCMalaria Journal1475-28752018-09-0117111010.1186/s12936-018-2471-6IgG subclass responses to excreted-secreted antigens of Plasmodium falciparum in a low-transmission malaria area of the Peruvian AmazonRafael Saavedra-Langer0Jorge Marapara1Andree Valle-Campos2Salomón Durand3Maria E. Vásquez-Chasnamote4Hermann Silva5Viviana Pinedo-Cancino6Fundación para el Desarrollo Sostenible de la Amazonía Baja del Perú, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía PeruanaLaboratorio de Investigación de Productos Naturales Antiparasitarios de la Amazonía Peruana, Centro de Investigación de Recursos Naturales de la Amazonía, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía PeruanaFundación para el Desarrollo Sostenible de la Amazonía Baja del Perú, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía PeruanaCentro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales “Maxime Kuczynski”, Instituto Nacional de SaludFundación para el Desarrollo Sostenible de la Amazonía Baja del Perú, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía PeruanaFacultad de Medicina Humana, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía PeruanaFundación para el Desarrollo Sostenible de la Amazonía Baja del Perú, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía PeruanaAbstract Background Malaria in Peru is concentrated in the Amazon region, especially in Loreto, and transmission is focused in rural and peri-urban communities. The government has approved a malaria elimination plan with a community approach and seeks to reduce the risk of transmission through preventive interventions, but asymptomatic and low-parasite-density infections are challenges for disease control and elimination. IgG antibodies play a critical role in combating infection through their ability to reduce parasitaemia and clinical symptoms. In particular, IgG subclasses have important roles in controlling malaria disease and may provide new insight into the development of malaria control strategies and understanding of malaria transmission. Through the use of excreted-secreted antigens from Plasmodium falciparum, were evaluated the responses of the four IgG subclasses in symptomatic and asymptomatic malarial infections. Results Higher levels of whole IgG were observed in asymptomatic carriers (P < 0.05). IgG3 and IgG1 were the most prevalent subclasses and did not show differences in their antibody levels in either type of carrier. All symptomatic carriers were positive for IgG4, and the presence of IgG3 and IgG2 were correlated with protection against parasitaemia. IgG2 showed lower prevalence and antibody titers in comparison to other subclasses. Conclusions This is the first study that characterizes the IgG subclass response in the Peruvian Amazon, and these results show that even in populations from regions with low malaria transmission, a certain degree of naturally acquired immunity can develop when the right antibody subclasses are produced. This provides important insight into the potential mechanisms regulating protective immunity.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12936-018-2471-6ELISAExoantigensAntibodiesAsymptomaticZungarococha |
| spellingShingle | Rafael Saavedra-Langer Jorge Marapara Andree Valle-Campos Salomón Durand Maria E. Vásquez-Chasnamote Hermann Silva Viviana Pinedo-Cancino IgG subclass responses to excreted-secreted antigens of Plasmodium falciparum in a low-transmission malaria area of the Peruvian Amazon Malaria Journal ELISA Exoantigens Antibodies Asymptomatic Zungarococha |
| title | IgG subclass responses to excreted-secreted antigens of Plasmodium falciparum in a low-transmission malaria area of the Peruvian Amazon |
| title_full | IgG subclass responses to excreted-secreted antigens of Plasmodium falciparum in a low-transmission malaria area of the Peruvian Amazon |
| title_fullStr | IgG subclass responses to excreted-secreted antigens of Plasmodium falciparum in a low-transmission malaria area of the Peruvian Amazon |
| title_full_unstemmed | IgG subclass responses to excreted-secreted antigens of Plasmodium falciparum in a low-transmission malaria area of the Peruvian Amazon |
| title_short | IgG subclass responses to excreted-secreted antigens of Plasmodium falciparum in a low-transmission malaria area of the Peruvian Amazon |
| title_sort | igg subclass responses to excreted secreted antigens of plasmodium falciparum in a low transmission malaria area of the peruvian amazon |
| topic | ELISA Exoantigens Antibodies Asymptomatic Zungarococha |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12936-018-2471-6 |
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