The beta-1, 4-N-acetylglucosaminidase 1 gene, selected by domestication and breeding, is involved in cocoon construction of Bombyx mori.
Holometabolous insects have distinct larval, pupal, and adult stages. The pupal stage is typically immobile and can be subject to predation, but cocoon offers pupal protection for many insect species. The cocoon provides a space in which the pupa to adult metamorphosis occurs. It also protects the p...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2020-07-01
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| Series: | PLoS Genetics |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1008907 |
| _version_ | 1818727473152524288 |
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| author | Chunlin Li Xiaoling Tong Weidong Zuo Hai Hu Gao Xiong Minjin Han Rui Gao Yue Luan Kunpeng Lu Tingting Gai Zhonghuai Xiang Cheng Lu Fangyin Dai |
| author_facet | Chunlin Li Xiaoling Tong Weidong Zuo Hai Hu Gao Xiong Minjin Han Rui Gao Yue Luan Kunpeng Lu Tingting Gai Zhonghuai Xiang Cheng Lu Fangyin Dai |
| author_sort | Chunlin Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Holometabolous insects have distinct larval, pupal, and adult stages. The pupal stage is typically immobile and can be subject to predation, but cocoon offers pupal protection for many insect species. The cocoon provides a space in which the pupa to adult metamorphosis occurs. It also protects the pupa from weather, predators and parasitoids. Silk protein is a precursor of the silk used in cocoon construction. We used the silkworm as a model species to identify genes affecting silk protein synthesis and cocoon construction. We used quantitative genetic analysis to demonstrate that β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase 1 (BmGlcNase1) is associated with synthesis of sericin, the main composite of cocoon. BmGlcNase1 has an expression pattern coupled with silk gland development and cocoon shell weight (CSW) variation, and CSW is an index of the ability to synthesize silk protein. Up-regulated expression of BmGlcNase1 increased sericin content by 13.9% and 22.5% while down-regulation reduced sericin content by 41.2% and 27.3% in the cocoons of females and males, respectively. Genomic sequencing revealed that sequence variation upstream of the BmGlcNase1 transcriptional start site (TSS) is associated with the expression of BmGlcNase1 and CSW. Selective pressure analysis showed that GlcNase1 was differentially selected in insects with and without cocoons (ω1 = 0.044 vs. ω2 = 0.154). This indicates that this gene has a conserved function in the cocooning process of insects. BmGlcNase1 appears to be involved in sericin synthesis and silkworm cocooning. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T22:14:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-96fc904f3bb44486bcfcf75b545d380a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1553-7390 1553-7404 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T22:14:39Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS Genetics |
| spelling | doaj.art-96fc904f3bb44486bcfcf75b545d380a2022-12-21T21:30:40ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Genetics1553-73901553-74042020-07-01167e100890710.1371/journal.pgen.1008907The beta-1, 4-N-acetylglucosaminidase 1 gene, selected by domestication and breeding, is involved in cocoon construction of Bombyx mori.Chunlin LiXiaoling TongWeidong ZuoHai HuGao XiongMinjin HanRui GaoYue LuanKunpeng LuTingting GaiZhonghuai XiangCheng LuFangyin DaiHolometabolous insects have distinct larval, pupal, and adult stages. The pupal stage is typically immobile and can be subject to predation, but cocoon offers pupal protection for many insect species. The cocoon provides a space in which the pupa to adult metamorphosis occurs. It also protects the pupa from weather, predators and parasitoids. Silk protein is a precursor of the silk used in cocoon construction. We used the silkworm as a model species to identify genes affecting silk protein synthesis and cocoon construction. We used quantitative genetic analysis to demonstrate that β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase 1 (BmGlcNase1) is associated with synthesis of sericin, the main composite of cocoon. BmGlcNase1 has an expression pattern coupled with silk gland development and cocoon shell weight (CSW) variation, and CSW is an index of the ability to synthesize silk protein. Up-regulated expression of BmGlcNase1 increased sericin content by 13.9% and 22.5% while down-regulation reduced sericin content by 41.2% and 27.3% in the cocoons of females and males, respectively. Genomic sequencing revealed that sequence variation upstream of the BmGlcNase1 transcriptional start site (TSS) is associated with the expression of BmGlcNase1 and CSW. Selective pressure analysis showed that GlcNase1 was differentially selected in insects with and without cocoons (ω1 = 0.044 vs. ω2 = 0.154). This indicates that this gene has a conserved function in the cocooning process of insects. BmGlcNase1 appears to be involved in sericin synthesis and silkworm cocooning.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1008907 |
| spellingShingle | Chunlin Li Xiaoling Tong Weidong Zuo Hai Hu Gao Xiong Minjin Han Rui Gao Yue Luan Kunpeng Lu Tingting Gai Zhonghuai Xiang Cheng Lu Fangyin Dai The beta-1, 4-N-acetylglucosaminidase 1 gene, selected by domestication and breeding, is involved in cocoon construction of Bombyx mori. PLoS Genetics |
| title | The beta-1, 4-N-acetylglucosaminidase 1 gene, selected by domestication and breeding, is involved in cocoon construction of Bombyx mori. |
| title_full | The beta-1, 4-N-acetylglucosaminidase 1 gene, selected by domestication and breeding, is involved in cocoon construction of Bombyx mori. |
| title_fullStr | The beta-1, 4-N-acetylglucosaminidase 1 gene, selected by domestication and breeding, is involved in cocoon construction of Bombyx mori. |
| title_full_unstemmed | The beta-1, 4-N-acetylglucosaminidase 1 gene, selected by domestication and breeding, is involved in cocoon construction of Bombyx mori. |
| title_short | The beta-1, 4-N-acetylglucosaminidase 1 gene, selected by domestication and breeding, is involved in cocoon construction of Bombyx mori. |
| title_sort | beta 1 4 n acetylglucosaminidase 1 gene selected by domestication and breeding is involved in cocoon construction of bombyx mori |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1008907 |
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