Extracellular Vesicles in the Central Nervous System: A Novel Mechanism of Neuronal Cell Communication
Cell-to-cell communication is essential for the appropriate development and maintenance of homeostatic conditions in the central nervous system. Extracellular vesicles have recently come to the forefront of neuroscience as novel vehicles for the transfer of complex signals between neuronal cells. Ex...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/3/1629 |
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| author | Francesca Martina Filannino Maria Antonietta Panaro Tarek Benameur Ilaria Pizzolorusso Chiara Porro |
| author_facet | Francesca Martina Filannino Maria Antonietta Panaro Tarek Benameur Ilaria Pizzolorusso Chiara Porro |
| author_sort | Francesca Martina Filannino |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cell-to-cell communication is essential for the appropriate development and maintenance of homeostatic conditions in the central nervous system. Extracellular vesicles have recently come to the forefront of neuroscience as novel vehicles for the transfer of complex signals between neuronal cells. Extracellular vesicles are membrane-bound carriers packed with proteins, metabolites, and nucleic acids (including DNA, mRNA, and microRNAs) that contain the elements present in the cell they originate from. Since their discovery, extracellular vesicles have been studied extensively and have opened up new understanding of cell–cell communication; they may cross the blood–brain barrier in a bidirectional way from the bloodstream to the brain parenchyma and vice versa, and play a key role in brain–periphery communication in physiology as well as pathology. Neurons and glial cells in the central nervous system release extracellular vesicles to the interstitial fluid of the brain and spinal cord parenchyma. Extracellular vesicles contain proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, carbohydrates, and primary and secondary metabolites. that can be taken up by and modulate the behaviour of neighbouring recipient cells. The functions of extracellular vesicles have been extensively studied in the context of neurodegenerative diseases. The purpose of this review is to analyse the role extracellular vesicles extracellular vesicles in central nervous system cell communication, with particular emphasis on the contribution of extracellular vesicles from different central nervous system cell types in maintaining or altering central nervous system homeostasis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T03:55:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9707c5e9673541958f6ea76a985f0f20 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T03:55:47Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-9707c5e9673541958f6ea76a985f0f202024-02-09T15:13:59ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672024-01-01253162910.3390/ijms25031629Extracellular Vesicles in the Central Nervous System: A Novel Mechanism of Neuronal Cell CommunicationFrancesca Martina Filannino0Maria Antonietta Panaro1Tarek Benameur2Ilaria Pizzolorusso3Chiara Porro4Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, ItalyDepartment of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi ArabiaChild and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Mental Health, ASL Foggia, 71121 Foggia, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, ItalyCell-to-cell communication is essential for the appropriate development and maintenance of homeostatic conditions in the central nervous system. Extracellular vesicles have recently come to the forefront of neuroscience as novel vehicles for the transfer of complex signals between neuronal cells. Extracellular vesicles are membrane-bound carriers packed with proteins, metabolites, and nucleic acids (including DNA, mRNA, and microRNAs) that contain the elements present in the cell they originate from. Since their discovery, extracellular vesicles have been studied extensively and have opened up new understanding of cell–cell communication; they may cross the blood–brain barrier in a bidirectional way from the bloodstream to the brain parenchyma and vice versa, and play a key role in brain–periphery communication in physiology as well as pathology. Neurons and glial cells in the central nervous system release extracellular vesicles to the interstitial fluid of the brain and spinal cord parenchyma. Extracellular vesicles contain proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, carbohydrates, and primary and secondary metabolites. that can be taken up by and modulate the behaviour of neighbouring recipient cells. The functions of extracellular vesicles have been extensively studied in the context of neurodegenerative diseases. The purpose of this review is to analyse the role extracellular vesicles extracellular vesicles in central nervous system cell communication, with particular emphasis on the contribution of extracellular vesicles from different central nervous system cell types in maintaining or altering central nervous system homeostasis.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/3/1629extracellular vesiclemicrogliaastrocytesoligodendrocytescommunicationcentral nervous system cells |
| spellingShingle | Francesca Martina Filannino Maria Antonietta Panaro Tarek Benameur Ilaria Pizzolorusso Chiara Porro Extracellular Vesicles in the Central Nervous System: A Novel Mechanism of Neuronal Cell Communication International Journal of Molecular Sciences extracellular vesicle microglia astrocytes oligodendrocytes communication central nervous system cells |
| title | Extracellular Vesicles in the Central Nervous System: A Novel Mechanism of Neuronal Cell Communication |
| title_full | Extracellular Vesicles in the Central Nervous System: A Novel Mechanism of Neuronal Cell Communication |
| title_fullStr | Extracellular Vesicles in the Central Nervous System: A Novel Mechanism of Neuronal Cell Communication |
| title_full_unstemmed | Extracellular Vesicles in the Central Nervous System: A Novel Mechanism of Neuronal Cell Communication |
| title_short | Extracellular Vesicles in the Central Nervous System: A Novel Mechanism of Neuronal Cell Communication |
| title_sort | extracellular vesicles in the central nervous system a novel mechanism of neuronal cell communication |
| topic | extracellular vesicle microglia astrocytes oligodendrocytes communication central nervous system cells |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/3/1629 |
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