Effects of iron and zinc fortified milk supplementation on working memory of underweight poor-urban school children: A randomized double blind controlled trial
Background Undernutrition associated micronutrient deficiencies in children are still prevalent in most developing countries. Iron and zinc deficiencies are the most common micronutrient deficiency globally, which significantly contribute deficits in cognitive function. Fortification with iron and z...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Indonesian Pediatric Society Publishing House
2010-04-01
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| Series: | Paediatrica Indonesiana |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://paediatricaindonesiana.org/index.php/paediatrica-indonesiana/article/view/1212 |
| _version_ | 1818512190325391360 |
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| author | Hari Wahyu Nugroho Endang Dewi Lestari Harsono Salimo Mayasari Dewi Zusta'in Noor Adhim Leilani Lestarina |
| author_facet | Hari Wahyu Nugroho Endang Dewi Lestari Harsono Salimo Mayasari Dewi Zusta'in Noor Adhim Leilani Lestarina |
| author_sort | Hari Wahyu Nugroho |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Undernutrition associated micronutrient
deficiencies in children are still prevalent in most developing
countries. Iron and zinc deficiencies are the most common
micronutrient deficiency globally, which significantly contribute
deficits in cognitive function. Fortification with iron and zinc has
proven successfully in reducing certain cognitive impairments
like memory.
Objective To determine the effects of milk fortified with iron and
zinc on memory of underweight poor-urban schoolchildren.
Methods A double blind randomized controlled trial was
conducted on 218 underweight poor-urban schoolchildren aged
7-9 years old; 113 children were supplemented twice daily with
27 gram of milk fortified with iron pyrophosphate (12.15 mg) and
zinc sulfate (4.4 mg) for three months, 105 children served as
controls. Anthropometry measured including bodyweight, height,
sitting height and middle upper arm circumference. Memory was
measured using digit span backward test in Wechsler Intelligence
Scales III. Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS for
Windows, version 11.0.
Results Baseline data of digit span backward score in iron and
zinc group was 2.4 (SD 1.2), and control group was 3.0 (SD 1.8).
After intervention, mean digit span backward score in iron and
zinc group was 3 .1 (SD 1.2) and in control group 3.0 (SD 1.3).
There was no improvement digit span backward score in control
group after intervention, compared with 0.7 point improvement
in iron and zinc group (P=0.009).
Conclusion Milk fortified with iron and zinc improves working
memory of underweight poor-urban schoolchildren. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T23:43:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-971550ef562444e4bb962be849cb0653 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0030-9311 2338-476X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T23:43:27Z |
| publishDate | 2010-04-01 |
| publisher | Indonesian Pediatric Society Publishing House |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Paediatrica Indonesiana |
| spelling | doaj.art-971550ef562444e4bb962be849cb06532022-12-22T01:28:59ZengIndonesian Pediatric Society Publishing HousePaediatrica Indonesiana0030-93112338-476X2010-04-01502929510.14238/pi50.2.2010.92-95958Effects of iron and zinc fortified milk supplementation on working memory of underweight poor-urban school children: A randomized double blind controlled trialHari Wahyu Nugroho0Endang Dewi Lestari1Harsono Salimo2Mayasari Dewi3Zusta'in Noor Adhim4Leilani Lestarina5Departement of Child Health, Medical School, Sebelas Maret University, Moewardi HospitalDepartement of Child Health, Medical School, Sebelas Maret University, Moewardi HospitalDepartement of Child Health, Medical School, Sebelas Maret University, Moewardi HospitalDepartement of Child Health, Medical School, Sebelas Maret University, Moewardi HospitalDepartement of Child Health, Medical School, Sebelas Maret University, Moewardi HospitalDepartement of Child Health, Medical School, Sebelas Maret University, Moewardi HospitalBackground Undernutrition associated micronutrient deficiencies in children are still prevalent in most developing countries. Iron and zinc deficiencies are the most common micronutrient deficiency globally, which significantly contribute deficits in cognitive function. Fortification with iron and zinc has proven successfully in reducing certain cognitive impairments like memory. Objective To determine the effects of milk fortified with iron and zinc on memory of underweight poor-urban schoolchildren. Methods A double blind randomized controlled trial was conducted on 218 underweight poor-urban schoolchildren aged 7-9 years old; 113 children were supplemented twice daily with 27 gram of milk fortified with iron pyrophosphate (12.15 mg) and zinc sulfate (4.4 mg) for three months, 105 children served as controls. Anthropometry measured including bodyweight, height, sitting height and middle upper arm circumference. Memory was measured using digit span backward test in Wechsler Intelligence Scales III. Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS for Windows, version 11.0. Results Baseline data of digit span backward score in iron and zinc group was 2.4 (SD 1.2), and control group was 3.0 (SD 1.8). After intervention, mean digit span backward score in iron and zinc group was 3 .1 (SD 1.2) and in control group 3.0 (SD 1.3). There was no improvement digit span backward score in control group after intervention, compared with 0.7 point improvement in iron and zinc group (P=0.009). Conclusion Milk fortified with iron and zinc improves working memory of underweight poor-urban schoolchildren.https://paediatricaindonesiana.org/index.php/paediatrica-indonesiana/article/view/1212iron, zinc, underweight, memory |
| spellingShingle | Hari Wahyu Nugroho Endang Dewi Lestari Harsono Salimo Mayasari Dewi Zusta'in Noor Adhim Leilani Lestarina Effects of iron and zinc fortified milk supplementation on working memory of underweight poor-urban school children: A randomized double blind controlled trial Paediatrica Indonesiana iron, zinc, underweight, memory |
| title | Effects of iron and zinc fortified milk supplementation on working memory of underweight poor-urban school children: A randomized double blind controlled trial |
| title_full | Effects of iron and zinc fortified milk supplementation on working memory of underweight poor-urban school children: A randomized double blind controlled trial |
| title_fullStr | Effects of iron and zinc fortified milk supplementation on working memory of underweight poor-urban school children: A randomized double blind controlled trial |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of iron and zinc fortified milk supplementation on working memory of underweight poor-urban school children: A randomized double blind controlled trial |
| title_short | Effects of iron and zinc fortified milk supplementation on working memory of underweight poor-urban school children: A randomized double blind controlled trial |
| title_sort | effects of iron and zinc fortified milk supplementation on working memory of underweight poor urban school children a randomized double blind controlled trial |
| topic | iron, zinc, underweight, memory |
| url | https://paediatricaindonesiana.org/index.php/paediatrica-indonesiana/article/view/1212 |
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